Toxic Organic Chemicals In Porous Media

Author : Zev Gerstl,Y. Chen,U. Mingelgrin,Bruno Yaron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642744686

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Toxic Organic Chemicals in Porous Media by Zev Gerstl,Y. Chen,U. Mingelgrin,Bruno Yaron Pdf

In March, 1983 a workshop on Pollutants in Porous Media was hosted by the Institute of Soils and Water of the Agricultural Research Organi zation in Bet Dagan, Israel. At this workshop, the unsaturated zone be tween the soil surface and groundwater was the focal point of discus sions for scientists from various disciplines such as soil chemists, physicists, biologists and environmental engineers. Since then, the prob lem of soil and water pollution has only worsened as more and more cases of pollution caused by human activities including agriculture and industry have been revealed. A great deal of work has been carried out by environmental scientists since 1983 in elucidating the behavior of the many classes of pollutants and the complex physical, chemical, and bio logical transformations which they undergo as they move through the soil to the vadose zone and, in many cases, the groundwater. In light of this, it was felt that another meeting of specialists from the many disciplines which deal with this subject was necessary and so a Second International Workshop on the Behavior of Pollutants in Porous Media, sponsored by IUPAC (the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) and IAHS (the International Association of Hydrological Sciences), was organized and held in the Institute of Soils and Water of the Agricultural Research Organization in Bet Dagan, Israel during 1987. June, The present volume is a selection of the talks presented at this second workshop and deals only with toxic organic chemicals in porous media.

Author : Linda M. Abriola
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642823435

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Multiphase Migration of Organic Compounds in a Porous Medium by Linda M. Abriola Pdf

Groundwater has long been one of the world's most important resources. It accounts for approximately 96% of all fresh water in the United States and supplies more than 50% of the population with potable water. Historically, this water source has generally been regarded as pristine. However, in recent years, contamination of ground water by industrial products has become a problem of growing concern. During the past four decades, the variety and quantity of organic chemicals produced in the U. S. has steadily increased. Currently, more than 40,000 different organic compounds are being manufactured, trans ported, used and eventually disposed of in the environment (Wilson, et !l (1981». Production and consumption of petroleum products has also risen in this same time period. Many of these industrial compounds are highly toxic and slightly water soluble. Thus, they pose a poten tial threat to large volumes of groundwater if they are somehow intro duced into the subsurface. Increased production of chemicals implies the increased risk of accidental spills or leakage to the soil, and indeed, the literature abounds with contamination case histories. 2 Incidences of petroleum contamination of groundwater have been documented by many authors. For example, see: Schwi11e (1967); Toms (1971); Guenther (1972); McKee, et!l (1912); Williams and Wilder (1971); Van100cke, et ~]-

Author : Bruno Yaron,Ishai Dror,Brian Berkowitz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642243875

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Soil-Subsurface Change by Bruno Yaron,Ishai Dror,Brian Berkowitz Pdf

This book combines soil science, earth science, and environmental geochemistry, providing comprehensive background information for specialists interested in chemical-induced changes in the soil-subsurface system. Readers are introduced to the chemistry of contaminants that often disturb the natural soil-subsurface equilibrium as a result of human activity. While the soil-subsurface system has in many cases been affected by human impact, the effects of chemical contaminants on the actual matrix and properties have been largely neglected. The major focus of the book is on changes to the soil-subsurface matrix and properties caused by chemical pollution. By integrating results available in the literature, we observe that chemical pollutants may lead to the irreversible formation of a new soil-subsurface regime characterized by a matrix and properties different than those of the natural regime. In contrast to the geological time scales dictating natural changes to the matrix and properties of the soil-subsurface system, the time scale associated with chemical pollutant-induced changes is far shorter and extends over a “human lifetime scale.” The numerous examples presented in the book confirm that chemical contamination should be considered as an additional factor in the formation of a contemporary soil-subsurface regime that is different than that of the pristine system.

Author : Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642547775

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Contaminant Geochemistry by Brian Berkowitz,Ishai Dror,Bruno Yaron Pdf

In this updated and expanded second edition, new literature has been added on contaminant fate in the soil-subsurface environment. In particular, more data on the behavior of inorganic contaminants and on engineered nanomaterials were included, the latter comprising a group of “emerging contaminants” that may reach the soil and subsurface zones. New chapters are devoted to a new perspective of contaminant geochemistry, namely irreversible changes in pristine land and subsurface systems following chemical contamination. Two chapters were added on this topic, focusing attention on the impact of chemical contaminants on the matrix and properties of both liquid and solid phases of soil and subsurface domains. Contaminant impacts on irreversible changes occurring in groundwater are discussed and their irreversible changes on the porous medium solid phase are surveyed. In contrast to the geological time scale controlling natural changes of porous media liquid and solid phases, the time scale associated with chemical pollutant induced changes is far shorter and extends over a “human lifetime scale”.

Author : Bruno Yaron,Raoul Calvet,Rene Prost
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783642611476

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Soil Pollution by Bruno Yaron,Raoul Calvet,Rene Prost Pdf

The soil is the medium through which pollutants originating from human activities, both in agriculture and industry, move from the land surfaces to groundwater. Polluting substances are subject to complex physical, chemical and biological transformations during their movement through the soil. Their displacement depends on the transport properties of the water-air-soil system and on the molecular properties of the pollutants. Prediction of soil pollution and restoration of polluted soils requires an under standing of the processes controlling the fate of pollutants in the soil medium and of the dynamics of the contaminants in the un saturated zone. Our book was conceived· as a basic overview of the processes governing the behavior of pollutants as affected by soil constituents and environmental factors. It was written for the use of specialists working on soil and unsaturated zone pollution and restoration, as well as for graduate students starting research in this field. Since many specialists working on soil restoration lack a back ground in soil science or a knowledge of the properties of soil pollutants, we have included this information which forms the first part of the book. In the second part, we discuss the partitioning of pollutants between the aqueous, solid and gaseous phase of the soil medium. The retention, transformation and transport of pollutants in the soils form the third section.

Author : Palakurth Suresh Chandra Rao
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Hazardous wastes
ISBN : UOM:39015041375448

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Solubility, Sorption and Transport of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals in Complex Mixtures by Palakurth Suresh Chandra Rao Pdf

Author : Leon Etienne Parent,Piotr Ilnicki
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420040098

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Organic Soils and Peat Materials for Sustainable Agriculture by Leon Etienne Parent,Piotr Ilnicki Pdf

While organic soils have the potential to contribute greatly to agricultural production, the irreversible processes that occur from draining organic soils need to be managed with caution. The wise use of peatlands must include the avoidance of unacceptable ecological effects on the contiguous and global environment. Organic Soils and Peat Materials

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Hydrology
ISBN : UCR:31210022283053

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National Research Program of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Fiscal Year 1991 by Anonim Pdf

Author : G. Davies,E. Ghabbour
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2003-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781135434724

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Humic Substances by G. Davies,E. Ghabbour Pdf

Humic substances are ubiquitous in the environment. These remarkable brown biomaterials are found in animals, plants, coals, sediments, soils and water. They are crucial components of the carbon cycle and other life processes. Humic Substances: Nature's Most Versatile Materials contains a compilation of papers presented at the 2002 Humic Substances Seminar and will keep humic substances scientists up to date with the latest research.

Author : James V. Livingston
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 1594543259

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Trends in Agriculture and Soil Pollution Research by James V. Livingston Pdf

Pollution is undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities so that the environment becomes harmful or unfit for living things; especially applicable to the contamination of soil, water, or the atmosphere by the discharge of harmful substances. In addition to the harm, either present or future and known or unknown, to living beings, pollution cleanup and surveillance are enormous financial drains of the economies of the world. This volume details outstanding research covering agriculture and soil pollution.

Author : Ebru Mehmetli,Bogdana Koumanova
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402066429

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The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment by Ebru Mehmetli,Bogdana Koumanova Pdf

Using a scientific approach to identify and take action against persistent organic pollutants (POPs), this book focuses on preventative measures to manage POPs at their source. Readers get a complete overview of existing POPs monitoring activities and programs. Moreover, readers discover the full range of remediation methods and the latest advances in the measurement of POPs. In addition, the authors discuss how POPs affect health.

Author : R. Honeycutt
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351082792

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Mechanisms Of Pesticide Movement Into Ground Water by R. Honeycutt Pdf

This book is devoted to exploring the mechanism of pesticide movement into groundwater. It describes how pesticides enter ground water/drinking water systems and how regulatory decisions based on these mechanisms will affect the use of pesticides. Experimental results, models, and industry and regulatory perspectives are covered.

Author : L. Gray Wilson,Lorne G. Everett,Stephen J. Cullen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351441940

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Handbook of Vadose Zone Characterization & Monitoring by L. Gray Wilson,Lorne G. Everett,Stephen J. Cullen Pdf

This book is written in a simple, straightforward manner without complicated mathematical derivatives. Compiled by experienced practitioners, this guide covers topics such as basic principles of vadose zone hydrology and prevalent monitoring techniques. Case studies present actual field experiences for the benefit of the reader. The Handbook provides practitioners with the information they need to fully understand the principles, advantages, and limitations of the monitoring techniques that are available. The Handbook of Vadose Zone Characterization & Monitoring expands and consolidates the useful and succint information contained in various ASTM documents, EPA manuals, and other similar texts on the subject, making it an invaluable aid to new practioners and a useful reference for seasoned veterans in the field.

Author : P. M. Huang,I.K. Iskandar
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000157987

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Soils and Groundwater Pollution and Remediation by P. M. Huang,I.K. Iskandar Pdf

The increasing population densities of Asia, Africa and Oceania are in conflict with the ecosystem. A growing demand for food and fiber causes agriculture to rely heavily upon chemical fertilization, herbicides and pesticides. Rising industrial output creates higher contamination from cadmium, lead, selenium, and other metals. Soils and Groundwater Remediation explores the toxic levels of metals, radionuclides, inorganics, and anthropogenic organic compounds found in the soils and groundwater of Asia, Africa and Oceania. This 14 chapter book reviews the distribution, transformation, and dynamics of the pollutants. The authors also reflect on the impact of Acid-rain. The contributors to this book are well-known scientists from Japan, China, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Australia, and Kenya. The authors address their findings to researchers, educators, government regulators, and students. As the title suggests, the book is ultimately concerned with remediation. Huang and Iskandar feel "the potential for restoring ecosystem health ... in these areas is enormous." The contributions of Soils and Groundwater Remediation will bring science closer to achieving that possibility.

Author : Domenico Petruzzelli,Friedrich G. Helfferich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642778629

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Migration and Fate of Pollutants in Soils and Subsoils by Domenico Petruzzelli,Friedrich G. Helfferich Pdf

Experts in soil and environmental sciences as well as in the theory of wave propagation and numerical modeling methods provide a comprehensive account of different aspects of pollutant migration in soils, aquifers, and other geological formations. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of contributing phenomena and their interactions, modeling, and the practical use of such knowledge and models for guidance in disposal operations, preventive measures to minimize ecological damage, prediction of consequences of seepage, and design of remedial actions. Topics covered include the chemical behavior of soils, sorption and retardation, biochemistry of pollutants, ion exchange and kinetics of reactions in soils, measurement of adsorption and desorption, multiphase hydrodynamics, multicomponent wave theory and the coherence concept, nonlinear wave propagation in geological formations, multiphase convective transport, diffusion and fast reaction, modeling pollutant transport, numerical methods, dispersion of contaminants from landfills, risk analysis, water reuse, and radioactive soil contamination at Chernobyl.