Toxicologic Assessment Of The Army S Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1997-06-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309057837

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Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Pdf

During the 1950s and 1960s, the U.S. Army conducted atmospheric dispersion tests in many American cities using fluorescent particles of zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) to develop and verify meteorological models to estimate the dispersal of aerosols. Upon learning of the tests, many citizens and some public health officials in the affected cities raised concerns about the health consequences of the tests. This book assesses the public health effects of the Army's tests, including the toxicity of ZnCdS, the toxicity of surrogate cadmium compounds, the environmental fate of ZnCdS, the extent of public exposures from the dispersion tests, and the risks of such exposures.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1997-05-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309174787

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Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Pdf

During the 1950s and 1960s, the U.S. Army conducted atmospheric dispersion tests in many American cities using fluorescent particles of zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) to develop and verify meteorological models to estimate the dispersal of aerosols. Upon learning of the tests, many citizens and some public health officials in the affected cities raised concerns about the health consequences of the tests. This book assesses the public health effects of the Army's tests, including the toxicity of ZnCdS, the toxicity of surrogate cadmium compounds, the environmental fate of ZnCdS, the extent of public exposures from the dispersion tests, and the risks of such exposures.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Toxicology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1997-06-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309057998

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Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Toxicology Pdf

This report begins by providing an overview of demographic modeling, including the strengths and weaknesses of this technique. Then the elements of the model are developed (e.g., workforce inflows and outflows are defined) and the data set used for estimation of the model--the Survey of Doctorate Recipients (SDR)--is described. Next, the calculation of transition rates for various life changes (e.g., retirement, changing profession) is described. At this point, the model is used to make retroactive projections that are tested against real data from the SDR. Finally, the panel presents recommendations for further work that is needed to develop the model so that it can be used to project the needs for biomedical and behavioral scientists. The report evaluates whether exposure to zinc cadmium sulfide caused adverse health effects in exposed people. This summary report was prepared to give information to concerned citizens about zinc cadmium sulfide, especially about the human health effects that might result from exposure to it. It supplements the technical document and provides answers to commonly asked questions.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Subcommittee on Chronic Reference Doses for Selected Chemical Warfare Agents
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999-09-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309075319

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Review of the U.S. Army's Health Risk Assessments for Oral Exposure to Six Chemical-Warfare Agents by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Subcommittee on Chronic Reference Doses for Selected Chemical Warfare Agents Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on Shipboard Hazard and Defense II (SHAD II)
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309380744

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Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense) by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on Shipboard Hazard and Defense II (SHAD II) Pdf

Between 1963 and 1969, the U.S. military carried out a series of tests, termed Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense), to evaluate the vulnerabilities of U.S. Navy ships to chemical and biological warfare agents. These tests involved use of active chemical and biological agents, stimulants, tracers, and decontaminants. Approximately 5,900 military personnel, primarily from the Navy and Marine Corps, are reported to have been included in Project SHAD testing. In the 1990s some veterans who participated in the SHAD tests expressed concerns to the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) that they were experiencing health problems that might be the result of exposures in the testing. These concerns led to a 2002 request from VA to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to carry out an epidemiological study of the health of SHAD veterans and a comparison population of veterans who had served on similar ships or in similar units during the same time period. In response to continuing concerns, Congress in 2010 requested an additional IOM study. This second study expands on the previous IOM work by making use of additional years of follow up and some analysis of diagnostic data from Medicare and the VA health care system.

Author : Lisa Martino-Taylor
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781315295190

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Behind the Fog by Lisa Martino-Taylor Pdf

Behind the Fog is the first in-depth, comprehensive examination of the United States’ Cold War radiological weapons program. The book examines controversial military-sponsored studies and field trials using radioactive "simulants" that exposed American civilians to radiation and other hazardous substances without their knowledge or consent during the Cold War. Although Western biological and chemical weapons programs have been analyzed by a number of scholars, Behind the Fog is a strong departure from the rest in that the United States radiological weapons program has been generally unknown to the public. Martino-Taylor documents the coordinated efforts of a small group of military scientists who advanced a four-pronged secret program of human-subject radiation studies that targeted unsuspecting Americans for Cold War military purposes. Officials enabled such projects to advance through the layering of secrecy, by embedding classified studies in other studies, and through outright deception. Agency and academic partnerships advanced, supported, and concealed the studies from the public at large who ultimately served as unwitting test subjects. Martino-Taylor’s comprehensive research illuminates a dark chapter of government secrecy, the military-industrial-academic complex, and large-scale organizational deviance in American history. In its critical approach, Behind the Fog effectively examines the mechanisms that allow large-scale elite deviance to take place in modern society.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Subcommittee on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2001-04-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309073165

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Evaluating Chemical and Other Agent Exposures for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Subcommittee on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Pdf

The United States Navy has been concerned for some time with protecting its military and civilian personnel from reproductive and developmental hazards in the workplace. As part of its efforts to reduce or eliminate exposure of Naval personnel and their families to reproductive and developmental toxicants, the Navy requested that the National Research Council (NRC) recommend an approach that can be used to evaluate chemicals and physical agents for their potential to cause reproductive and developmental toxicity. The NRC assigned this project to the Committee on Toxicology, which convened the Subcommittee on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, to prepare this report. In this report, the subcommittee recommends an approach for evaluating agents for potential reproductive and developmental toxicity and demonstrates how that approach can be used by the Navy. This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report: James Chen (National Center for Toxicological Research), George Daston (Procter and Gamble Company), Jerry Heindel (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), Grace Lemasters (University of Cincinnati), and John Young (National Center for Toxicological Research).

Author : U.S. Department of Transportation
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781626363762

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Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation Pdf

Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000-09-27
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309171717

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Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury Pdf

Mercury is widespread in our environment. Methylmercury, one organic form of mercury, can accumulate up the aquatic food chain and lead to high concentrations in predatory fish. When consumed by humans, contaminated fish represent a public health risk. Combustion processes, especially coal-fired power plants, are major sources of mercury contamination in the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering regulating mercury emissions from those plants. Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury reviews the health effects of methylmercury and discusses the estimation of mercury exposure from measured biomarkers, how differences between individuals affect mercury toxicity, and appropriate statistical methods for analysis of the data and thoroughly compares the epidemiological studies available on methylmercury. Included are discussions of current mercury levels on public health and a delineation of the scientific aspects and policy decisions involved in the regulation of mercury. This report is a valuable resource for individuals interested in the public health effects and regulation of mercury. The report also provides an excellent example of the implications of decisions in the risk assessment process for a larger audience.

Author : Organisation mondiale de la santé,World Health Organization,Julian Perry Robinson,WHO,World Health Organization Staff
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2004-01-21
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789241546157

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Public Health Response to Biological and Chemical Weapons by Organisation mondiale de la santé,World Health Organization,Julian Perry Robinson,WHO,World Health Organization Staff Pdf

This is the second edition of this publication which focuses on the public health aspects of the possible deliberate use of biological or chemical agents. Issues discussed include: the key principles for public health planning, risk assessment, hazard identification and evaluation, risk management strategies, and response planning as part of existing national emergency plans, disease surveillance and early warning systems, the national and international legal framework, and international sources of assistance. Technical annexes cover a range of issues including chemical agents, toxins, biological agents, principles of protection, precautions against the sabotage of drinking water, food and other products, information resources and the affiliation of WHO Member States to the international treaties on biological and chemical weapons.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Dredging spoil
ISBN : UCR:31210024931071

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Evaluating Environmental Effects of Dredged Material Management Alternatives by Anonim Pdf

This document is intended to serve as a consistent "roadmap" for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency personnel in evaluating the environmental acceptability of dredged amterial management alternatives. Specifically, its major objectives are to provide: A general technical framwork for evaluating the environmental acceptability of dredged material management, alternatives (open-water disposal, confined (diked) disposal, and beneficial uses). Additional technical guidance to augment present implementation and testing manuals for addressing the environmental acceptability of available management options for the discharge of dredged material in both ope water and confined sites. Enhanced consistency and coordination in USAC/EPA decision making in accordance with Federal environmantl statutes regulating dredged material management.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Health Effects of Waste Incineration
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2000-10-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309063715

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Waste Incineration and Public Health by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Health Effects of Waste Incineration Pdf

Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Toxicology
ISBN : UCR:31210012936843

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Technical Support Document for Water Quality-based Toxics Control by Anonim Pdf

Author : Graeme Batley,Stuart Simpson
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781486303861

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Sediment Quality Assessment by Graeme Batley,Stuart Simpson Pdf

Contaminated sediments represent an ongoing threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. The assessment of sediment quality is, therefore, an important concern for environmental regulators. Sediment quality guidelines are now well established in regulatory frameworks worldwide; however, practical guidance that covers all of the key aspects of sediment quality assessment is not readily available. In 2005, CSIRO published its highly cited Handbook for Sediment Quality Assessment. In the ensuing period, the science has advanced considerably. This practical guide is a revised and much expanded second edition, which will be a valuable tool for environmental practitioners. Written by experts in the field, it provides coverage of: sediment sampling; sample preparation; chemical analysis; ecotoxicology; bioaccumulation; biomarkers; and ecological assessment. In addition, detailed appendices describe protocols for many of the tests to be used.

Author : Prosun Bhattacharya,Ingegerd Rosborg,Arifin Sandhi,Colin Hayes,Maria Joao Benoliel
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780400358

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Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water by Prosun Bhattacharya,Ingegerd Rosborg,Arifin Sandhi,Colin Hayes,Maria Joao Benoliel Pdf

Part of Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water Set - buy all five books together to save over 30%! Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water comprises the proceedings of COST Action 637 - METEAU, held in Kristianstad, Sweden, October 13-15, 2010. This book collates the understanding of the various factors which control metals and related substances in drinking water with an aim to minimize environmental impacts. Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water: Provides an overview of knowledge on metals and related substances in drinking water. Promotes good practice in controlling metals and related substances in drinking water. Helps to determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of control measures through public participation Introduces the importance of mineral balance in drinking water especially when choosing treatment methods Shares practitioner experience. The proceedings of this international conference contain many state-of-the-art presentations by leading researchers from across the world. They are of interest to water sector practitioners, regulators, researchers and engineers.