Trade Specialisation Technology And Economic Growth
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Trade Specialisation, Technology and Economic Growth by Keld Laursen Pdf
Examines the role of international Ricardian specialization in economic development processes. Laursen (Copenhagen Business School) considers whether countries converge or diverge in terms of specialization patterns over time; if the role of technology can explain the direction of national trade specialization; and the implications of international specialization patterns and their changes for economic growth. Appreciative theories, neo-classical theories, post-Keynesian approaches, and evolutionary approaches are discussed in relation to each of the three issues. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Technology, Trade and Growth in OECD Countries by Valentina Meliciani Pdf
Presenting new material and a fresh perspective, Technology, Trade and Growth in OECD Countries, provides a unifying framework for the exploration of the role played by specialisation in economic growth and international competitiveness.
International Trade and Economic Growth by Hendrik Van den Berg,Joshua J. Lewer Pdf
Serving as a teaching tool for courses in international economics, economic growth, and economic development at both the undergraduate and graduate levels, this book focuses on the dynamic long-run relationship between trade and economic growth.
Author : Irfan-ul-Haque,R. Martin N. Bell Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 232 pages File Size : 42,9 Mb Release : 1995 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : UCSD:31822023390917
Trade, Technology, and International Competitiveness by Irfan-ul-Haque,R. Martin N. Bell Pdf
Addresses the issue of international competitiveness from the perspective of developing countries, which must exploit the opportunities offered by international trade and the extraordinarily rapid technological progress of recent years. The book's central message is that while sound macroeconomic management is crucial for achieving a sustained rise in living standards, it is an economy's ability to generate and manage technological change that ultimately determines its success in the world market and the pace at which it grows.
The Dynamics of Technology, Trade and Growth by Jan Fagerberg,Bart Verspagen,G. N. Von Tunzelmann Pdf
This work offers contributions from scholars from a range of different theoretical backgrounds which discuss why economies succeed or fail in creating the infrastructure, finance and technology to develop rapidly and catch up with others. The history of post-war catch-up/convergence is examined.
Since the end of the second World War, economics professors and classroom textbooks have been telling us that the economy is one big machine that can be effectively regulated by economic experts and tuned by government agencies like the Federal Reserve Board. It turns out they were wrong. Their equations do not hold up. Their policies have not produced the promised results. Their interpretations of economic events -- as reported by the media -- are often of-the-mark, and unconvincing. A key alternative to the one big machine mindset is to recognize how the economy is instead an evolutionary system, with constantly-changing patterns of specialization and trade. This book introduces you to this powerful approach for understanding economic performance. By putting specialization at the center of economic analysis, Arnold Kling provides you with new ways to think about issues like sustainability, financial instability, job creation, and inflation. In short, he removes stiff, narrow perspectives and instead provides a full, multi-dimensional perspective on a continually evolving system.
The Global Trade Slowdown by Cristina Constantinescu,Aaditya Mattoo,Michele Ruta Pdf
This paper focuses on the sluggish growth of world trade relative to income growth in recent years. The analysis uses an empirical strategy based on an error correction model to assess whether the global trade slowdown is structural or cyclical. An estimate of the relationship between trade and income in the past four decades reveals that the long-term trade elasticity rose sharply in the 1990s, but declined significantly in the 2000s even before the global financial crisis. These results suggest that trade is growing slowly not only because of slow growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), but also because of a structural change in the trade-GDP relationship in recent years. The available evidence suggests that the explanation may lie in the slowing pace of international vertical specialization rather than increasing protection or the changing composition of trade and GDP.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: 1,0, Vienna University of Economics and Business (Institut für Außenwirtschaft und Entwicklung), language: English, abstract: The following paper relates two of the most important economic phenomena, namely economic growth and international trade. Before analysing the relationship between two economic phenomena in detail, an overview of some of the most prominent empirical empirical studies concerning the relationship between openness to international trade and economic growth in general is provided. As most of them seem to have reached the conclusion that trade influences growth in a positive way, the question for the reasons of this presumably positive relationship arises. Factors which cause or influence economic growth in general as well as various channels through which trade might have an influence on growth are presented in the third and forth section. The importance of various sources of economic and the Solow-Model and the AK-Model are introduced in order to distinguish between long-run and short-run effects of capital accumulation, learning by doing and R&D on economic growth. The remaining analysis concentrates on one channel in particular, namely on how trade determines a country's import and export structure. The importance of the range of products a country produces is enormous and affects economic growth and welfare. The fifth section introduces the static Ricardian model of comparative advantage in order to show how productivity levels dictate the patterns of trade and determine which products a country produces depending on static productivity levels at the time a country opens up to trade. Since productivity levels do, however, not remain constant but are influenced by learning by doing and specialisation, dynamic effects of specialisation on comparative advantage should not be neglected. For this purpose, a model of dynamic comparative advantage is introduced in the sixth section. It shows how comparative advantages which exist at the time an economy opens up to trade tend to lock in and determine trade patterns in the long run. The question is raised when an economy should open up to trade and a justification of the infant industry argument is provided on theoretical grounds. The paper is concluded by a welfare analysis, which tries to answer the question under which conditions free trade or protectionist policies are best suited for a country.
Development and Trade. The Role of Learning, Investment and Technology by Michael Boehl Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Economics - Other, grade: 1.7, University of Tubingen (Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultaet), course: International Economics (Hauptseminar), language: English, abstract: In order to achieve economic development, here understood as GDP growth, it is often suggested that developing countries would only need to ensure free trade and good institutions. Nevertheless countries pursuing institutional quality and trade openness, namely in Latin America, have failed to achieve sustainable economic development. Meanwhile others, namely in South and East Asia, have achieved remarkable economic growth rates, without functioning markets and property rights in place. The questions I try to answer are: How can a theoretical framework be designed to explain the mentioned inefficiencies of the laisez-faire equilibrium in comparison to a socially optimal situation? Can it be argued that the above mentioned diverging growth success of different developing countries has been due to varying quality of chosen policy options? Do, by their enhancement, Rodrik and Hausmann explain the seemingly anomalies within the established theory on development economics?
Technology and International Trade by Jan Fagerberg Pdf
These essays, theoretical as well as empirical, study the relationships between technology, growth, international competitiveness and employment. They also discuss the role of multinationals as vehicles for technology diffusion.
International Trade Fairs and Inter-Firm Knowledge Flows by Rachael Gibson Pdf
Against a backdrop of economic uncertainty caused by a shift toward protectionism and the COVID-19 pandemic among other issues, this book suggests that international trade fairs (ITFs) represent a vital source of economic dynamism that can support national and regional economies by creating opportunities for firms to access new markets, network with key actors in their industry or value chain, and tap into valuable external knowledge flows regarding new technologies and innovations. Author Rachael Gibson argues that ITFs have become crucial nodes in the global political economy, driving global economic dynamics and mediating differences between capitalist economies regarding their technological and institutional practices and conditions. In this way, ITFs represent a decisive mechanism by which distinct national patterns of technological specialization may converge or diverge. Trade fairs represent important platforms for networking, interactive learning, and knowledge exchange because they foster intense interactions among actors despite spatial boundaries. ITFs also tend to be organized according to a specific technological or industry focus, which means that they can facilitate interactions between firms from different capitalist varieties. Through the diffusion of state-of-the-art knowledge, ITFs may, thus, serve as drivers of economic globalization, challenging the continuation of distinct capitalist varieties by enabling cross-system convergence regarding the technological specializations of firms. Yet, it is clear that countries have retained competitive advantages in specific industries and that full convergence has not taken place. This book explores this puzzle.
Technology and World Trade by Robert Leon Stern Pdf
The report is comprised of a transcript of the proceedings of the symposium. Sessions were conducted in the following areas:Technology, its influence on the character of world trade and investment; The impact of international measurement conventions, norms and standards on world trade; The impact of the policies of government on the creation and use of technology for economic growth; The transfer of technology through enterprise-to-enterprise arrangements.
