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Transfer Pricing in SMEs by Veronika Solilova,Danuse Nerudova Pdf
This book provides a detailed assessment of current approaches to transfer pricing in the context of small- and middle-sized enterprises (SMEs), including the newest update of Transfer Pricing Guidelines from 10 July 2017. It analyzes the transfer pricing rules for SMEs across the European Union (EU) and explores two alternative approaches as suitable solutions for current transfer pricing issues. The authors evaluate and discuss alternative approaches like Safe Harbour and Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB). Taking into account the prominent role of SMEs in the European Union’s economy, the book also puts forward policy recommendations to achieve the long-term goals of the EU’s 2020 agenda.
Transfer Pricing and Multinational Enterprises by OECD Pdf
The OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations provide guidance on the application of the “arm’s length principle”, which is the international consensus on transfer pricing, i.e. on the valuation, for tax purposes, of cross-border transactions between associated enterprises. In a global economy where multinational enterprises (MNEs) play a prominent role, transfer pricing is high on the agenda of tax administrators and taxpayers alike. Governments need to ensure that the taxable profits of MNEs are not artificially shifted out of their jurisdictions and that the tax base reported by MNEs in their respective countries reflect the economic activity undertaken therein. For taxpayers, it is essential to limit the risks of economic double taxation that may result from a dispute between two countries on the determination of an arm’s length remuneration for their cross-border transactions with associated enterprises. Following this original 1979 publication, the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines were approved by the OECD Council in their original version in 1995. A limited update was made in this 2009 edition, primarily to reflect the adoption, in the 2008 update of the Model Tax Convention, of a new paragraph 5 of Article 25 dealing with arbitration, and of changes to the Commentary on Article 25 on mutual agreement procedures to resolve cross-border tax disputes. A subsequent edition was released in 2010, in which, Chapters I-III were substantially revised, with new guidance on: the selection of the most appropriate transfer pricing method to the circumstances of the case; the practical application of transactional profit methods (transactional net margin method and profit split method); and on the performance of comparability analyses. Furthermore, a new Chapter IX, on the transfer pricing aspects of business restructurings, was added. Consistency changes were made to the rest of the Guidelines. Digitised document - Electronic release on 24/11/2011.
Transfer Pricing and Business Restructurings by Anuschka Bakker Pdf
This book highlights the main tax issues that arise when business restructurings take place. It provides fundamental information about the drivers of business restructurings and business models, examines the application of Art. 9 of the OECD Model Convention, and considers not only the direct tax issues in business restructuring, but also VAT and customs duties. It gives practical insights into the tax accounting treatment of business restructurings, OECD work in progress and the effect of the EU tax system, and includes a case study concerning the restructuring of a manufacturing operation, which is analysed from the perspective of key industrial jurisdictions, along with an examination of current practice.
Transfer Pricing Handbook by Robert Feinschreiber,Margaret Kent Pdf
Learn OECD guidance on business taxation in multiple countries A business that is not aware of all of its exposure to the tax policy of each country in which it does business may find itself paying more in taxes that the share of profit it generates. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) seeks to reduce the risk of business taxation in multiple countries. Transfer Pricing Handbook explores how countries can apply the OECD Guidelines to tax businesses that conduct their endeavors in more than one country. It is the ultimate comprehensive guide for companies doing business globally. Helps companies properly price their goods and services for global markets Provides defenses for transfer pricing audits Provides standards for creating comparables that multijurisdictional tax administrations will accept Guides documentation requirements and timing issues If you're doing business in more than one country, Transfer Pricing Handbook is a must-have, essential guide for simplifying OECD regulations for your global company.
Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations by OECD Pdf
Together for Better Outcomes Engaging and Involving SME Taxpayers and Stakeholders by OECD Pdf
This Forum on Tax Administration study provides inspiration and guidance to revenue bodies wishing to explore the potential for improving outcomes, reducing costs, improving services and generating other benefits by engaging and involving SME taxpayers and stakeholders.
Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing by Michael Lang,Giammarco Cottani,Raffaele Petruzzi,Alfred Storck Pdf
Transfer pricing continues to be one of the most significant areas of heightened controversy in international taxation for multinational enterprises and tax administrations. Due to its far-reaching consequences, tax professionals and individual tax jurisdictions are required to understand the fundamentals of the topic, which is often caught in a maze of literature. Emerging from the joint research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), the international tax law firm L&P – Ludovici Piccone & Partners, and the experiences from the annual advanced transfer pricing courses and conferences, this first edition of the book acts as a manual for understanding transfer pricing principles and their practical application. It provides a balanced approach by first detailing the basics of transfer pricing and second proceeding to specific topics that are highly relevant in today's tax environment. For the purpose of easy understanding, the book is presented in two parts: Part I: General Topics I. Introduction to Transfer Pricing II. Accurate Delineation and Recognition of Actual Transactions: Comparability Analysis III. Transfer Pricing Methods (Part I): Traditional Transaction Methods IV. Transfer Pricing Methods (Part II): Transactional Profit Methods V. Administrative Approaches to Avoiding/Minimizing Transfer Pricing Disputes VI. Administrative Approaches to Resolving Transfer Pricing Disputes VII. Transfer Pricing Documentation: Master File, Country File and Country-by-Country Reporting Part II: Specific Topics VIII. Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments IX. Transfer Pricing and Intra-group Services X. Transfer Pricing and Intra-group Financial Transactions XI. Transfer Pricing and Intangibles XII. Transfer Pricing, Supply Chain Management and Business Restructurings XIII. Transfer Pricing and Customs Valuation XIV. Transfer Pricing and EU State Aid In analysing the above topics, the work undertaken by the OECD, UN, EU, World Customs Organization, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and other international organizations is considered. Moreover, the book contains several practical examples, judicial precedents and illustrative explanations to complement the understanding. The book will be a catalyst for immense learning of students and young professionals who are at the introductory stage of understanding the nuances of transfer pricing. Further, the book also caters to tax lawyers, in-house tax counsels and academics working in international organizations, the business community and advisory firms as well as government officials interested in understanding transfer pricing.
Transfer Pricing Rules and Compliance Handbook by Marc M. Levey,Steven C. Wrappe,Kerwin Chung Pdf
This book gives an overview of the basic principles of transfer pricing and U.S. transfer pricing rules, and the impact of transfer pricing on other issues such as customs valuation, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and FASB Interpretation no. 48.
Introduction to Transfer Pricing by Jerome Monsenego Pdf
Transfer pricing refers to the pricing of cross-border intercompany transactions. Transfer prices influence the tax base of multinational enterprises, and thus also the fiscal revenues of the countries where they are doing business. The importance of transfer pricing has significantly expanded over time and culminated with the work of the OECD on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). With the globalisation of business activities, the need for States to prevent tax avoidance, and the risk of double taxation faced by multinational enterprises, transfer pricing has become a key question for multinational enterprises and tax administrations alike. Introduction to Transfer Pricing intends at providing a general introduction to the fundamentals of transfer pricing. The book is focused on explanations of the principles that apply, albeit to various extents, in most countries. Although the majority of these principles are provided by the OECD the views of other international organisations – in particular the United Nations and the European Union – are also taken into account. Moreover, the book illustrates the fundamentals of transfer pricing with concrete examples based on the structures often used by multinational enterprises when conducting cross-border business activities. Also included are relevant court cases from a variety of countries. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: the arm’s length principle in theory and practice; transfer pricing methods; intercompany transactions involving intangibles and financial transactions; common types of transfer pricing models; cross-border business restructurings; the substance requirement for transfer pricing purposes; attribution of profits to permanent establishments; and the prevention and resolution of transfer pricing disputes. This second edition was updated based on the 2022 OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and the 2021 UN Transfer Pricing Manual.
Transfer Pricing and Dispute Resolution by Anuschka Bakker,Marc M. Levey Pdf
This book addresses the complexity, valuation and administrative nuances, and cultural impacts of resolving this significant cross-border issue when tax disputes arise. In recent years, transfer pricing has become in financial terms the most important tax issue faced by multinational companies and tax authorities worldwide. In times of economic downturn, as experienced in recent years, when tax authorities are challenged for revenue, the handling of these issues requires great care, skill, creativity and a true awareness of the ramifications confronting each tax jurisdiction. This book sets out in detail not only the general laws in each tax jurisdiction impacted by the multinational companies' transfer pricing practices, but also the ancillary concerns of how the issue is interpreted locally as well as related to the OECD Guidelines; the varied approaches to administrative resolution of these issues, including specific alternative dispute resolution mechanisms and the effective uses of advance pricing agreements; correlative adjustment procedures in the event of transfer pricing adjustments; cross-border exchange of information concerns; and how to proceed to litigation if all else fails administratively. It is here that the book delves into the specific procedures for litigation in each country which must be evaluated as part of the overall strategy for controversy resolution. Unfortunately, today litigation is on the rise in numerous jurisdictions and the presumption of an administrative resolution is no longer correct. An additional feature of this book is how practical anecdotes are intertwined into the analysis to give the reader a sense of pragmatism for these issues. To this point, there are the various case studies which highlight the technicalities of the local rules, customs, and practices.
OECD Tax Policy Studies Taxation of SMEs Key Issues and Policy Considerations by OECD Pdf
This publication examines the taxation of SMEs in OECD countries and covers a broad range of SME taxation issues, including possible effects of taxation on the creation and growth of SMEs, and considerations arising from a relatively high compliance burden.
OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2010 by OECD Pdf
The OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines provide guidance on the application of the “arm’s length principle”, which is the international consensus on transfer pricing, the valuation, for tax purposes, of cross-border transactions between associated enterprises.
Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2020 by Michael Lang,Raffaele Petruzzi Pdf
Intensive work on transfer pricing, one of the most relevant and challenging topics in the international tax environment, continues to increase worldwide at every level of government and international policy with far-reaching impact on countries’ legislations, administrative guidelines and jurisprudence. This book presents an in-depth, issue-by-issue analysis of the current state of developments along with suggestions for future solutions to the problems raised. Emerging from the research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), this book offers eight topic-based chapters prepared by international experts on transfer pricing. Greatly helping to define recent transfer pricing issues around the world, this book encompasses the following topics: Global Transfer Pricing Developments; Transfer Pricing Developments in the European Union; Transfer Pricing Developments in the United States; Transfer Pricing Developments in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies; Recent Developments on the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalization of the Economy (New Nexus Rules); Recent Developments on the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalization of the Economy (New Profit Allocation Rules); Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Intra-Group Financing; and Recent Developments on the Use of New Technologies for Transfer Pricing Analyses. The intense work of international organizations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations and other international organizations, as well as the intense work of the European Union is thoroughly analyzed in this book. The detailed analysis will be of immeasurable value to the various players including international organizations, the business community and advisory firms, corporate CEOs and CFOs, and government officials as well as to tax lawyers, in-house counsel and academics in facilitating efficient dialogue and a coordinated approach to transfer pricing in the future.
Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing by Michael Lang,Giammarco Cotani,Raffaele Petruzzi Pdf
Transfer pricing is one of the most relevant and challenging topics in international taxation. Over the last century, nearly every country in the world introduced transfer pricing rules into their domestic legislation. Indeed, it was estimated that profit shifting generated by the improper application of transfer pricing rules has resulted in global tax losses worth USD 500 billion for governments – 20% of all corporate tax revenues. It is thus imperative that all tax professionals thoroughly understand the nature of transfer pricing and how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. In this crucially significant volume, stakeholders from government, multinational companies, international organisations, advisory groups and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules, taking into consideration all the most recent developments. With approximately 160 practical examples and 90 relevant international judicial precedents, the presentation proceeds from general to more specialised topics. Such aspects of the subject as the following are thoroughly analysed: what is transfer pricing and the purpose of transfer pricing rules; the arm’s length principle and its application; the consequences of a transaction not being in accordance with the arm’s length principle; the transfer pricing methods; the mechanisms to avoid and resolve disputes; the transfer pricing documentation; the attribution of profits to permanent establishments; the transfer pricing aspects of specific transactions, such as services, financing, intangibles and business restructurings. The application of transfer pricing legislation is arguably the most difficult task that taxpayers and tax authorities around the world must face. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, government officials, tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, academics, advisory firms, the business community and other stakeholders worldwide will have all the detail they need to move forward in tackling this thorny aspect of the current tax environment.
