Transgenic Animals As Model Systems For Human Diseases

Author : Erwin F. Wagner,F. Theuring
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662029251

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Transgenic Animals as Model Systems for Human Diseases by Erwin F. Wagner,F. Theuring Pdf

Some of the current concepts used in transgenic research, an increasingly important tool to study the regulation and function of genes, are illustrated in this book. With these techniques, animal models can be used to study human diseases; this opens up new possibilities in both applied and basic research. Specifically, the ability to introduce genes into the germline of mice and the successful expression of the inserted gene within an organism provide new insights and opportunities for biomedical research. The discussion here shows how a detailed analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms will provide new insights into the genetic origin of certain diseases and will lead to a better understanding of normal and abnormal physiological processes.

Author : Carl A. Pinkert
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 635 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080574806

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Transgenic Animal Technology by Carl A. Pinkert Pdf

A transgenic animal is one that is genetically modified to carry genes from another species. Transgenic species can be raised to carry potentially useful genes from a variety of species. While the topics of genetic engineering and cloning are controversial, the reality is that these technologies offer tremendous benefits to society - from offering a framework for developing and screening medical therapies, to enhancing the safety and nutrition of the food we eat. One potential application of research into transgenic animal technology is the creation of domestic animals genetically designed to express a certain human disease and therefore serve as models for the study and treatment of human illnesses. Although many mouse models of human diseases are available today, such models in large domestic animals physiologically more similar to humans are sparse and critically needed. Further research in this field will undoubtedly uncover many more direct and indirect benefits of this technology. Transgenic animal technologies and the ability to introduce functional genes into animals have revolutionized our ability to address complex biomedical and biological questions. This well-illustrated handbook covers the technical aspects of gene transfer — from molecular methods to whole animal considerations — for important laboratory and domestic animal species. It describes methodologies as employed by leading laboratories and is a key resource for researchers, as well as a tool for training technicians and students. This second edition incorporates updates on a variety of genetic engineering technologies ranging from microinjection and ES cell transfer to nuclear transfer in a broad range of animal modeling systems. Contains a comprehensive collection of transgenic animal and gene transfer methods Discusses background and introduction to techniques and animal systems Teaches practical step-by-step protocols New section on analysis

Author : L.F.M. van Zutphen,Miriam van der Meer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642605895

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Welfare Aspects of Transgenic Animals by L.F.M. van Zutphen,Miriam van der Meer Pdf

v Preface The quality of animal models used in biomedical research has increased substantially since the first successful microinjection of foreign DNA frag ments into a mouse zygote in the early 1980s. New well-defined animal models, developed either by micro injection techniques or by homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells, have become widely available and several classical animal models have now been replaced by these transgenic models. Transgenic animals also fulfill increasingly important roles in other fields, like livestock production or in biopharming. The potential benefits of this technology are overwhelming. It is not surprising that many research groups have rushed to jump on this wagon of scientific progress. However, no matter how important these developments are, they can not relieve us of the moral obligations towards the animals. It is generally recognized that animal use is allowed only if the harmful effects are out weighed by the potential benefits of the experimental results. But what are the harmful effects? What is the impact of trans genesis on the well-being of animals? In order to gain more insight into this aspect of trans genesis the European Commission (DGXII) has funded a 12-month project with the aim of col lecting information on the production and use of transgenic animals in EU Member States and, more specifically, to obtain information as to what extent specific welfare problems may arise and whether or not studies are being performed on the incidence of welfare problems.

Author : Lucas M. Chaible,Denise Kinoshita,Marcus A. Finzi Corat,Maria L. Zaidan Dagli
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 1108 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128072233

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease by Lucas M. Chaible,Denise Kinoshita,Marcus A. Finzi Corat,Maria L. Zaidan Dagli Pdf

Genetically modified animals were created about 30 years ago, and are considered good models of human diseases. In this chapter, the types of genetically engineered mice, such as transgenic, knockout conditional knockout, and knockin animals, and the general techniques on how to obtain them are described. In addition, the available genetically modified models for genetic diseases, multifactorial and polygenic (complex) disorders, neurodegenerative, inflammatory diseases, besides cancer models, are presented. The aim of the chapter is to help investigators to find out the best models for their studies.

Author : Bernhard Aigner,Barbara Kessler,Nikolai Klymiuk,Mayuko Kurome,Simone Renner,Annegret Wünsch,Eckhard Wolf
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 1108 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128072226

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease by Bernhard Aigner,Barbara Kessler,Nikolai Klymiuk,Mayuko Kurome,Simone Renner,Annegret Wünsch,Eckhard Wolf Pdf

Basic research of the pathobiology of diseases as well as of therapeutic strategies usually is carried out in rodents as animal models. Translational research that transfers novel results from basic research to clinical application often requires analyses in additional nonrodent models and/or large animal models that share specific pathophysiological characteristics with the human diseases in question. As prerequisites for the generation of appropriate disease models by genetic engineering, pigs exhibit suitable reproductive performance traits, pig genome analyses resulted in the availability of several resources of genomic data, and efficient and precise techniques for the genetic modification of pigs have been established. In the recent years, genetically engineered pigs were increasingly generated as biomedical research tools for specific human genetic diseases. Here, we review the current state of the techniques used for the production of genetically engineered pigs as well as the establishment of genetically engineered pigs as models for human diseases.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Developmental Toxicology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2000-12-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309070867

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Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Developmental Toxicology Pdf

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Author : Carl A. Pinkert
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 715 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124095366

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Transgenic Animal Technology by Carl A. Pinkert Pdf

Transgenic animal technologies and the ability to introduce functional genes into animals have revolutionized our ability to address complex biomedical and biological questions. This well-illustrated handbook covers the technical aspects of gene transfer — from molecular methods to whole animal considerations — for important laboratory and domestic animal species. It describes methodologies as employed by leading laboratories and is a key resource for researchers, as well as a tool for training technicians and students. This second edition incorporates updates on a variety of genetic engineering technologies ranging from microinjection and ES cell transfer to nuclear transfer in a broad range of animal modeling systems. Contains a comprehensive collection of transgenic animal and gene transfer methods Discusses background and introduction to techniques and animal systems Teaches practical step-by-step protocols Fully revised with updates to reflect state-of-the-art technology and associated changes to date

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Commerce
ISBN : CHI:63990601

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Transgenic Animal Models by Anonim Pdf

Author : Carl A. Pinkert
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323137836

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Transgenic Animal Technology by Carl A. Pinkert Pdf

Transgenic animal technologies and the ability to introduce functional genes into animals have revolutionized our ability to address complex biomedical and biological questions, as well as to make practical applications to production agriculture. This well-illustrated handbook covers the technical aspects of gene transfer in animals--from molecular methods to whole animal considerations--for the important laboratory and domestic animal species. It describes methodologies as employed by leading laboratories and is a key resource for researchers, as well as a tool for training technicians and students. Contains a comprehensive collection of transgenic animal and gene transfer methods Discusses background and introduction to techniques and animal systems Teaches practical step-by-step protocols Describes mouse model systems Covers laboratory and domestic animal species Illustrated with diagrams and photographs Includes useful tables and charts

Author : Alan R. Clarke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781592591787

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Transgenesis Techniques by Alan R. Clarke Pdf

The past decade has witnessed a spectacular explosion in both the devel- ment and use of transgenic technologies. Not only have these been used to aid our fundamental understanding of biologic mechanisms, but they have also faci- tated the development of a range of disease models that are now truly beginning to impact upon our approach to human disease. Some of the most exciting model systems relate to neurodegenerative disease and cancer, where the availability of appropriate models is at last allowing radically new therapies to be developed and tested. This latter point is of particular significance given the current concerns of the wider public over both the use of animal models and the merits of using genetically modified organisms. Arguably, advances of the greatest significance have been made using mammalian systems—driven by the advent of embryonic stem-cell–based strategies and, more recently, by cloning through nuclear transfer. For this reason, this new edition of Transgenesis Techniques focuses much more heavily on manipulation of the mammalian genome, both in the general discussions and in the provision of specific protocols.

Author : Louis-Marie Houdebine
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1997-05-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9057020688

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Transgenic Animals by Louis-Marie Houdebine Pdf

During the past 20 years, transgenesis has become a popular technique and a crucial tool for molecular geneticists and biologists. Transgene expression is now better-controlled and even specifically inducible by exogenous factors. While these techniques have quite significantly transformed the experimental approaches taken by biologists, the applications are more limited than expected and concerns have arisen regarding biosafety as well as physiological, social, and philosophical issues. Transgenic Animals: Generation and Use contains articles on the techniques used to generate transgenic animals and a section on the preparation of vectors for the optimally controlled expression of transgenes. It also examines the use of transgenic animals in the study of gene function and human diseases, the preparation of recombinant proteins and organs for pharmaceutical and medical use, and the improvement of genetic characteristics of farm animals. Finally, it discusses more recent problems generated by transgenic animals including conservation of transgenic lines, specific database patenting, biosafety, and bioethics. Drawn from both academia and industry, the contributors to this monograph present in one concise volume all the relevant information on the different aspects of transgenesis. This book can be used as both a reference book and a textbook for specialized university courses and will be of interest to everyone involved in basic research in animal biology, molecular genetics, animal biotechnology, pharmaceutical science, and medicine.

Author : Philip M. Iannaccone
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1997-06-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3718606135

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Biological Aspects of Disease by Philip M. Iannaccone Pdf

Contains eleven contributions which address specific examples of the way in which animal experimentation leads to data applicable to human disease. Includes coverage of the ethics of animal use and advantages of animal models over alternate systems, including computer simulation, tissue culture, and in vitro biochemistry. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1998-02-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264162389

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Novel Systems for the Study of Human Disease From Basic Research to Applications by OECD Pdf

This proceedings brings together scientific papers covering the breadth and significance of model animals used in scientific research, and scientific and policy summaries based on workshop discussions.

Author : P. Michael Conn
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1198 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128096994

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease by P. Michael Conn Pdf

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease, Second Edition, provides needed information on model sharing, animal alternatives, animal ethics and access to databanks of models, bringing together common descriptions of models for busy researchers across biomedical and biological sciences. Offering easily searchable advantages and disadvantages for each animal model and organized by disease topics, this resource aids researchers in finding the best animal model for research in human disease. Organized by disease orientation for ease of searchability Provides information on locating resources, animal alternatives, and animal ethics Covers a broad range of animal models used in research for human disease Contributed by leading experts across the globe Expanded coverage of diabetes and neurological diseases

Author : Yoichi Gondo
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 1108 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128072240

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease by Yoichi Gondo Pdf

To create and establish mutant mice as models for human diseases and traits, various forward and reverse genetics tools are currently available. Newly developed tools of high-throughput identification of novel mutations and site-directed mutagenesis, or gene targeting, in the mouse genome have caused forward and reverse genetics, respectively, to rapidly expand during the last two decades. Worldwide efforts including a variety of international consortiums have been producing many useful mutant mouse strains for functional genomics to elucidate the mechanisms behind diseases and traits. Resource centers and public databases have also been built to enhance their utilities. The modeling has started from Mendelian monogenic traits and has expanded to more complex quantitative traits as well. Multidisciplinary integration among, for example, molecular, cellular, and developmental biology; genetics; genomics; medicine; statistics; and informatics must be orchestrated to fully utilize the resources and knowledge of model mice.