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Road Transport Emissions in the EU Emission Trading System by Anonim Pdf
Væksten i og betydningen af transportsektorens CO2 emissioner, kombineret med de relativt høje reduktionsomkostninger i transportsektoren, peger på, at der kan opnås fordele ved at inkludere sektoren i EUs kvotehandelssystem
Transit 'Norden' och 'Europa' by Petra Broomans,Ester Jiresch,Janke Klok Klok,Anja Schüppert Pdf
The IASS (International Association for Scandinavian Studies) is the international organization for the research of Nordic literature, culture and linguistics. Since 1956 the IASS conference has been organized every other year. In 2016, the 31th IASS conference took place in Groningen (Netherlands). This 2016 conference revolved around the 21st century as an era characterized by dynamics with different implications. These ongoing global transitions are reflected in the humanities; the dichotomy between centre and periphery has invaded the literary discourse. In many small language areas, more translated literature is being published than literature written in the national language. This implies that cultural mediators play a major role in the production of literature. Their efforts are made visible in a transnational approach to the history of literature.
Travelling Ideas in the Long Nineteenth Century by Petra Broomans,Janke Klok Pdf
Travelling Ideas in the Long Nineteenth Century is about how ideas travel on the waves of cultural transfer. The volume focuses in particular on the exchange of ideas, knowledge and culture between the Nordic countries and continental Europe. It includes reflections on travelling and transmitting ideas through various forms, and takes a step further in scrutinising how new theories in literary, cultural and historical studies, as well as new methods, are influencing research in the field of cultural transfer and transmission. In the first part of the volume, the authors examine the export and import of ideas through literature in translation, travel letters, international education strategies and the establishment of artists' colonies. Attention is paid to how writers, artists and cultural transmitters used their cross-border mobility in transferring ideas and how they were connected to each other in new contact zones. The second part is dedicated to new research approaches, such as the use of digital instruments, and research on the strategies and politics behind translated literature. Here, translation bibliographies and the bibliographical data of national libraries, which today are often accessible in digital form, come under scrutiny. These sources are valuable objects of study in the mining of translation flows.
Innovative Green Public Procurement of Construction, IT and Transport Services in Nordic countries by Anonim Pdf
The term Innovative Green Public Procurement (IGGP) comprise all public procurement activities, which seek to stimulate eco-innovation through demands and interaction with suppliers and other stakeholders with the purpose of improving the environmental performance of products and services. The eco-innovative potentials for three selected product groups are investigated through desk studies and a series of interviews with key stakeholders in the Nordic countries. The purpose was to form a picture of the potential benefits that can be achieved in the Nordic countries through IGPP. The report includes: - Identification of the eco-innovative potential of each product group - Relevant incentives for stimulating eco-innovation through public procurement - Barriers for exploiting the eco-innovation potential - Input to strategies for innovative green public procurement.
Information Asymmetries in EU VAT by Frank J.G. Nellen Pdf
" Unlike conventional direct taxes, the application and administration of value-added tax (VAT) depends to a considerable extent on the exchange of information between the taxable person and his transaction counterparts. In practice, the taxable person often fails to obtain necessary information from his transaction counterparts, giving rise to information asymmetries that can induce VAT assessments, sanctions, and audits. In its up-to-date overview of European Union (EU) VAT law, this book assesses legislation, case law, and practice at EU and national levels, in the process of examining how to minimize the risks and negative consequences associated with information asymmetries. As a result of his in-depth treatment of the subject, the author establishes the following: – to what extent information asymmetries in EU VAT have legal implications (e.g., VAT assessments, fines) for the taxable person; – to what extent information asymmetries shouldhave legal implications for the taxable person, taking into account the legal principles applicable in EU VAT; – to what extent positive EU VAT law indeed implies the risk of information asymmetries and any associated unjustified legal implications; and – to what extent legal remedies should be employed to avoid or to reduce information asymmetries for the taxable person. This is the first book to conduct thorough research into the causes and legal implications of information asymmetries, as well as the instruments which can be employed to counter their materialization. As such, it will be of inestimable value to practitioners, legislators, policymakers, entrepreneurs, judicial professionals, and academics concerned with EU VAT law. "
New Maritime Business by Byoung-Wook Ko,Dong-Wook Song Pdf
This book provides a response to the unexpected challenges imposed on every aspect of today’s maritime business. All chapters of this book are concerned with the single challenge facing the maritime business world – that is, uncertainty. Each chapter deals with a specific area of the maritime business community in an effort to better understand the complicated markets, to seek for a solution of economic or financial sustainability under the pressure of climate changes, to discuss technology as an option for the future, and finally to show how to utilise the big data set for better informed decision- and policymaking that used to be unfeasible in terms of scale and capacity. It is hoped that all those endeavours are considered as the first small step towards practically transforming the industry in line with Schumpeter (1943) as well as academically changing a paradigm of thinking and scientific discovery in line with Kuhn (2012), so that the maritime industry is better informed and prepared, and can greatly contributing to human lives.
Mobility as a Service and Greener Transportation Systems in a Nordic context by Anna Laine,Tommi Lampikoski,Tuukka Rautiainen,Marika Bröckl,Christian Bang,Nina Stokkendal Poulsen,Anders Kofoed-Wiuff Pdf
The transport sector is a major source of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. This study estimates the potential of digitalized mobility solutions, such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), to reduce emissions and vehicle kilometers travelled in the Nordic countries. Also, to assess the potential future impact of MaaS, modelling is done to project road transport’s energy consumption, CO2 emissions and total costs in the Nordic countries up to 2050. There are still several barriers to the wider adoption of shared mobility services. We present ways to overcome these barriers with incentives and policy instruments to substitute car ownership, and specify what different actors can do to accelerate this change. Finally we present policy recommendations on how to reduce the dependence on car ownership, reduce the vehicle kilometers driven, and stimulate the demand for greener mobility services.
John L. M. McDaniel,Karlie E. Stonard,David J. Cox
Author : John L. M. McDaniel,Karlie E. Stonard,David J. Cox Publisher : Routledge Page : 366 pages File Size : 49,9 Mb Release : 2019-10-10 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9781351039529
The Development of Transnational Policing by John L. M. McDaniel,Karlie E. Stonard,David J. Cox Pdf
This book draws together the insights of eminent academics and specialists to present an overview of past and present approaches to transnational policing throughout the Anglophone world. It aims to revitalize the study of transnational policing by showing that past and present developments in this field remain poorly understood, while also suggesting future avenues of research. Containing chapters on police history, police accountability, gendered hate crime in an increasingly online world, counter-radicalisation strategies being pursued around the world, internet-facilitated sex trafficking and changes in organised crime, amongst others, the authors adopt revisionist, orthodox and progressive views in order to challenge our understanding and appreciation of developments in transnational policing. All of the chapters in the book use policing models employed within the UK as either their focal point or as a point of comparison so that direct comparisons and contrasts can be examined. The Development of Transnational Policing illustrates distinctive and separate aspects of what remains an undoubtedly complex and dynamic field, but also forms an overview of developments and the dearth of academic research which surround them, in order hopefully to inspire researchers, policymakers and practitioners alike.
An Inventory of Upcoming Questions with an EU Connotation that are Suited to Cooperation Between the Countries Around the Baltic Sea, and that May be Favourably Influences by Such a Cooperation by Anonim Pdf
Sectoral expansion of the EU ETS by Hrafnhildur, Bragadóttir,Roland, Magnusson,Sampo, Seppänen,David, Sundén,Emilie, Yliheljo Pdf
The European Emissions trading Scheme (EU ETS) was launched in 2005. The scheme started off with a limited scope, but has gradually expanded, in terms of geographical, sectoral and gas coverage. This report analyses the possibilities for further sectoral expansion in the Nordic countries. The analysis is done in terms of barriers and solutions for inclusion of four major sectors currently outside the scope of the scheme: transport, heating, agriculture and fisheries, and waste. Focus is on the road transport sector, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in the Nordic countries. The main barriers identified for inclusion of road transport are related to the overlap with existing policy instruments, high administrative costs of downstream inclusion, and potential loss of fiscal revenue. Experiences from other trading schemes show that the barriers can be overcome.
EU-Russian energy dialogue represents a policy issue that forces us to take a serious look at several crucial questions related to the present and future of Europe such as: how can the EU area ensure its future energy security when it is running out of its own energy resources and at the same time incorporating new members who are also dependent on energy imports? This book not only outlines the overall characteristics of the energy dialogue, but also illustrates the involved policy implementation challenges by paying special attention to the regional context of northern Europe. The study contributes to diverse fields such as international relations and political science, European studies, studies on energy politics, international political economy, post-Soviet politics, and literature on regionalization and regionalisms, with a special reference to northern Europe.
Transport infrastructure investment by Thune-Larsen, Harald,Jensen, Thomas Christian,Hammes, Johanna Jussila,Ukkonen, Aino Pdf
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2021-521/ A study performed by TØI, DTU and VTI and funded by the Nordic Council, compares the handling of climate and environmental effects in CBA in transport projects in the Nordic countries. The main emphasis has been the comparison of recommended methods and assessments between the countries for noise, air pollution and climate effects. Important findings:- For noise Finland take nuisance in consideration while the other countries also include health effects.- For PM, the values are related to PM2.5 in Denmark and Finland, to PM10 in Norway and to both PM2.5 and PM10 in Sweden.- For NOX, the values in Finland and Sweden are almost negligible compared to the values used in Denmark and Norway.- The most extreme difference between values in the Nordic countries relate to global warming emissions where the values of emissions in 2020 vary from €24/ton CO2 in Denmark (with an alternative calculation of €197/ton) to €665/ton in Sweden.