Troublesome Science

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Troublesome Science

Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Troublesome Science Book PDF

Author : Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231546300

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Troublesome Science by Rob DeSalle,Ian Tattersall Pdf

It is well established that all humans today, wherever they live, belong to one single species. Yet even many people who claim to abhor racism take for granted that human “races” have a biological reality. In Troublesome Science, Rob DeSalle and Ian Tattersall provide a lucid and forceful critique of how scientific tools have been misused to uphold misguided racial categorizations. DeSalle and Tattersall argue that taxonomy, the scientific classification of organisms, provides an antidote to the myth of race’s biological basis. They explain how taxonomists do their science—how to identify a species and to understand the relationships among different species and the variants within them. DeSalle and Tattersall also detail the use of genetic data to trace human origins and look at how scientists have attempted to recognize discrete populations within Homo sapiens. Troublesome Science demonstrates conclusively that modern genetic tools, when applied correctly to the study of human variety, fail to find genuine differences. While the diversity that exists within our species is a real phenomenon, it nevertheless defeats any systematic attempt to recognize discrete units within it. The stark lines that humans insist on drawing between their own groups and others are nothing but a mixture of imagination and ideology. Troublesome Science is an important call for researchers, journalists, and citizens to cast aside the belief that race has a biological meaning, for the sake of social justice and sound science alike.

A Troublesome Inheritance

Nicholas Wade
A Troublesome Inheritance Book PDF

Author : Nicholas Wade
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780698163799

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A Troublesome Inheritance by Nicholas Wade Pdf

Drawing on startling new evidence from the mapping of the genome, an explosive new account of the genetic basis of race and its role in the human story Fewer ideas have been more toxic or harmful than the idea of the biological reality of race, and with it the idea that humans of different races are biologically different from one another. For this understandable reason, the idea has been banished from polite academic conversation. Arguing that race is more than just a social construct can get a scholar run out of town, or at least off campus, on a rail. Human evolution, the consensus view insists, ended in prehistory. Inconveniently, as Nicholas Wade argues in A Troublesome Inheritance, the consensus view cannot be right. And in fact, we know that populations have changed in the past few thousand years—to be lactose tolerant, for example, and to survive at high altitudes. Race is not a bright-line distinction; by definition it means that the more human populations are kept apart, the more they evolve their own distinct traits under the selective pressure known as Darwinian evolution. For many thousands of years, most human populations stayed where they were and grew distinct, not just in outward appearance but in deeper senses as well. Wade, the longtime journalist covering genetic advances for The New York Times, draws widely on the work of scientists who have made crucial breakthroughs in establishing the reality of recent human evolution. The most provocative claims in this book involve the genetic basis of human social habits. What we might call middle-class social traits—thrift, docility, nonviolence—have been slowly but surely inculcated genetically within agrarian societies, Wade argues. These “values” obviously had a strong cultural component, but Wade points to evidence that agrarian societies evolved away from hunter-gatherer societies in some crucial respects. Also controversial are his findings regarding the genetic basis of traits we associate with intelligence, such as literacy and numeracy, in certain ethnic populations, including the Chinese and Ashkenazi Jews. Wade believes deeply in the fundamental equality of all human peoples. He also believes that science is best served by pursuing the truth without fear, and if his mission to arrive at a coherent summa of what the new genetic science does and does not tell us about race and human history leads straight into a minefield, then so be it. This will not be the last word on the subject, but it will begin a powerful and overdue conversation.

The Trouble with Nature

Roger N. Lancaster
The Trouble with Nature Book PDF

Author : Roger N. Lancaster
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2003-05
Category : History
ISBN : 0520236203

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The Trouble with Nature by Roger N. Lancaster Pdf

Lancaster provides the disproof of evolutionary stories about men, women, and the nature of desire of the heterosexual fables that pervade popular culture, from prime-time sitcoms to scientific theories about the so-called gay gene.

Staying with the Trouble

Donna J. Haraway
Staying with the Trouble Book PDF

Author : Donna J. Haraway
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780822373780

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Staying with the Trouble by Donna J. Haraway Pdf

In the midst of spiraling ecological devastation, multispecies feminist theorist Donna J. Haraway offers provocative new ways to reconfigure our relations to the earth and all its inhabitants. She eschews referring to our current epoch as the Anthropocene, preferring to conceptualize it as what she calls the Chthulucene, as it more aptly and fully describes our epoch as one in which the human and nonhuman are inextricably linked in tentacular practices. The Chthulucene, Haraway explains, requires sym-poiesis, or making-with, rather than auto-poiesis, or self-making. Learning to stay with the trouble of living and dying together on a damaged earth will prove more conducive to the kind of thinking that would provide the means to building more livable futures. Theoretically and methodologically driven by the signifier SF—string figures, science fact, science fiction, speculative feminism, speculative fabulation, so far—Staying with the Trouble further cements Haraway's reputation as one of the most daring and original thinkers of our time.

Interests and Epistemic Integrity in Science

Jan De Winter
Interests and Epistemic Integrity in Science Book PDF

Author : Jan De Winter
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498529341

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Interests and Epistemic Integrity in Science by Jan De Winter Pdf

Scientific research is often influenced by financial interests, political interests, or personal career interests of the scientists involved. For instance, the pharmaceutical giant Merck manipulated clinical trial data in order to make sure that data confirmed the safety of one of its products, Vioxx, in order to serve the company’s short-term commercial interests. This case is obviously unacceptable. But why exactly is it unacceptable? One way to account for this judgment is on the basis of the ideal of purity. According to this ideal, scientific decision-making should be pure— that is, unaffected by financial interests, political interests, career interests, and so on. Although this ideal is questionable, many people (including philosophers of science) still hold on to it. In Interests and Epistemic Integrity in Science: A New Framework to Assess Interest Influences in Scientific Research Processes, Jan De Winter first argues that it is better to fully abandon the ideal of purity, then proposes an alternative ideal to assess interest influences in science: the ideal of epistemic integrity. He spells out and systematically defends a new concept of epistemic integrity, using it not only to analyze the Vioxx debacle, but also to identify unacceptable interest influences in aerospace science, climate science, and biology, and to explain exactly why these interest influences are unacceptable. These analyses make a compelling case for the new concept of epistemic integrity which will be interesting and useful for philosophers of science, scientists, engineers, science policymakers, and anyone else concerned about the integrity of science.

Human Origins

Anonim
Human Origins Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1603446761

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Human Origins by Anonim Pdf

Describes how mapping the human genome has aided paleoanthropologists in their study of ancient bones used to explore human origins, from the earliest humans--bipedal apes--up to Martin Pickford's Millennium Man.

The Book Woman of Troublesome Creek

Kim Michele Richardson
The Book Woman of Troublesome Creek Book PDF

Author : Kim Michele Richardson
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-07
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781443458665

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The Book Woman of Troublesome Creek by Kim Michele Richardson Pdf

In 1936, Bluet is the last of the Kentucky Blues. In the dusty Appalachian hills of Troublesome Creek, nineteen and blue-skinned, Bluet has used up her last chance for “respectability” and a marriage bed. Instead, she joins the historical Pack Horse Library Project of Kentucky and becomes a librarian, riding up treacherous mountains on a mule to deliver books and other reading material to the poor hill communities of Eastern Kentucky. Along her dangerous route, Bluet confronts many who are distrustful of her blue skin. Not everyone is so keen on Bluet’s family or the Library Project, and the impoverished Kentuckians are quick to blame a Blue for any trouble in their small town. Inspired by the true and historical blue-skinned people of Kentucky and the dedicated Kentucky Pack Horse Library Project, The Book Woman of Troublesome Creek provides an authentic Appalachian voice to a story of hope, heartbreak and raw courage and shows one woman’s strength, despite it all, to push beyond the dark woods of Troublesome Creek.

Annoying

Joe Palca,Flora Lichtman
Annoying Book PDF

Author : Joe Palca,Flora Lichtman
Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118028117

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Annoying by Joe Palca,Flora Lichtman Pdf

Two crackerjack science journalists from NPR look at why some things (and some people!) drive us crazy It happens everywhere?offices, schools, even your own backyard. Plus, seemingly anything can trigger it?cell phones, sirens, bad music, constant distractions, your boss, or even your spouse. We all know certain things get under our skin. Can science explain why? Palca and Lichtman take you on a scientific quest through psychology, evolutionary biology, anthropology, and other disciplines to uncover the truth about being annoyed. What is the recipe for annoyance? For starters, it should be temporary, unpleasant, and unpredictable, like a boring meeting or mosquito bites Gives fascinating, surprising explanations for why people react the way they do to everything from chili peppers to fingernails on a blackboard Explains why irrational behavior (like tearing your hair out in traffic) is connected to worthwhile behavior (like staying on task) Includes tips for identifying your own irritating habits! How often can you say you're happily reading a really Annoying book? The insights are fascinating, the exploration is fun, and the knowledge you gain, if you act like you know everything, can be really annoying.

Family Troubles?

Ribbens McCarthy, Jane,Hooper, Carol-Ann
Family Troubles Book PDF

Author : Ribbens McCarthy, Jane,Hooper, Carol-Ann
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781447320456

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Family Troubles? by Ribbens McCarthy, Jane,Hooper, Carol-Ann Pdf

As the everyday family lives of children and young people come to be increasingly defined as matters of public policy and concern, it is important to raise the question of how we can understand the contested terrain between “normal” family troubles and troubled and troubling families. In this important, timely and thought-provoking publication, a wide range of contributors explore how “troubles” feature in “normal” families, and how the “normal” features in “troubled” families. Drawing on research on a wide range of substantive topics - including infant care, sibling conflict, divorce, disability, illness, migration and asylum-seeking, substance misuse, violence, kinship care, and forced marriage - the contributors aim to promote dialogue between researchers addressing mainstream family change and diversity in everyday lives, and those specialising in specific problems which prompt professional interventions. In tackling these contentious and difficult issues across a variety of topics, the book addresses a wide audience, including policy makers, service users and practitioners, as well as family studies scholars more generally who are interested in issues of family change.

Environmental ScienceBites

Kylienne A. Clark,Travis R. Shaul,Brian H. Lower
Environmental ScienceBites Book PDF

Author : Kylienne A. Clark,Travis R. Shaul,Brian H. Lower
Publisher : The Ohio State University
Page : 664 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Environmental ScienceBites by Kylienne A. Clark,Travis R. Shaul,Brian H. Lower Pdf

This book was written by undergraduate students at The Ohio State University (OSU) who were enrolled in the class Introduction to Environmental Science. The chapters describe some of Earth's major environmental challenges and discuss ways that humans are using cutting-edge science and engineering to provide sustainable solutions to these problems. Topics are as diverse as the students, who represent virtually every department, school and college at OSU. The environmental issue that is described in each chapter is particularly important to the author, who hopes that their story will serve as inspiration to protect Earth for all life.

Troubles with Turtles

Dimitris Theodossopoulos
Troubles with Turtles Book PDF

Author : Dimitris Theodossopoulos
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780857456793

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Troubles with Turtles by Dimitris Theodossopoulos Pdf

The people of Vassilikos, farmers and tourist entrepreneurs on the Greek island of Zakynthos, are involved in a bitter environmental dispute concerning the conservation of sea turtles. Against the environmentalists' practices and ideals they set their own culture of relating to the land, cultivation, wild and domestic animals. Written from an anthropological perspective, this book puts forward the idea that a thorough study of indigenous cultures is a fundamental step to understanding conflicts over the environment. For this purpose, the book offers a detailed account of the cultural depth and richness of the human environmental relationship in Vassilikos, focusing on the engagement of its inhabitants with diverse aspects of the local environment, such as animal care, agriculture, tourism and hunting.

Integrating Sustainability Thinking in Science and Engineering Curricula

Walter Leal Filho,Ulisses M. Azeiteiro,Sandra Caeiro,Fátima Alves
Integrating Sustainability Thinking in Science and Engineering Curricula Book PDF

Author : Walter Leal Filho,Ulisses M. Azeiteiro,Sandra Caeiro,Fátima Alves
Publisher : Springer
Page : 617 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319094748

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Integrating Sustainability Thinking in Science and Engineering Curricula by Walter Leal Filho,Ulisses M. Azeiteiro,Sandra Caeiro,Fátima Alves Pdf

Including considerations of sustainability in universities’ activities has long since become mainstream. However, there is still much to be done with regard to the full integration of sustainability thinking into science and engineering curricula. Among the problems that hinder progress in this field, the lack of sound information on how to actually implement it is prominent. Created in order to address this need, this book presents a wealth of information on innovative approaches, methods and tools that may be helpful in translating sustainability principles into practice.

Difference Troubles

Steven Seidman
Difference Troubles Book PDF

Author : Steven Seidman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1997-10-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521599709

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Difference Troubles by Steven Seidman Pdf

Difference Troubles, first published in 1997, examines the implications for social theory and sexual politics of taking difference seriously. It explores the trouble difference makes not only for the social sciences, but also for the people - feminists, queer theorists, postmodernists - who champion difference. Seidman asks how social thinkers should conceptualize differences such as gender, race, and sexuality, without reducing them to an inferior status. This is a wide-ranging and sophisticated discussion of contemporary social theory and sexual politics, presented with Seidman's familiar imagination and clarity. In addition, it argues persuasively for a pragmatic approach to difference troubles in theory and politics.

Science And Human Behavior

B.F Skinner
Science And Human Behavior Book PDF

Author : B.F Skinner
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781476716152

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Science And Human Behavior by B.F Skinner Pdf

The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics

Private Troubles or Public Issues?

Walter Lorenz,Ian Shaw
Private Troubles or Public Issues Book PDF

Author : Walter Lorenz,Ian Shaw
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351800914

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Private Troubles or Public Issues? by Walter Lorenz,Ian Shaw Pdf

This book bears testimony to the value of a progressive form of academisation of social work education in most European countries, including former communist countries which had to re-establish social work education. It also manifests the confidence of contributors in belonging to a serious academic discipline, and the fruitfulness of bringing research ‘home’ from neighbouring disciplines such as sociology, psychology, social policy, or pedagogy into the mainstream of social work. The contributions to this book converge on a small number of core issues for contemporary social work. These are methodologically the conceptualisation of different and interacting dimensions of diversity, and practically the defence of professionalism and discretion against encroachment by neo-liberal ideologies and cost-cutting regulations. In so doing, this underscores that theory matters in social work. Authentic social work research can demonstrate that social work practice has no reason to shy away from basing itself on evidence and being professionally accountable as long as its notion of evidence recognises and does justice to the complexity of social problems and acknowledges the value of inter-subjectivity in producing useable and ethically grounded evidence. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of Social Work.