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Author : Colin McGinn
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0199856141
In this study of the nature of philosophy, Colin McGinn shows us how philosophy can maintain its connection to the past while looking forward to a bright future.
Author : Renato Rosaldo
Publisher : Beacon Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2001-03-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807046227
Exposing the inadequacies of old conceptions of static cultures and detached observers, the book argues instead for social science to acknowledge and celebrate diversity, narrative, emotion, and subjectivity. From the Trade Paperback edition.
Author : Kavanagh,Michael D. Rich
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781977400130
Political and civil discourse in the United States is characterized by “Truth Decay,” defined as increasing disagreement about facts, a blurring of the line between opinion and fact, an increase in the relative volume of opinion compared with fact, and lowered trust in formerly respected sources of factual information. This report explores the causes and wide-ranging consequences of Truth Decay and proposes strategies for further action.
Author : Herman Cappelen,John Hawthorne,John P. Hawthorne
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2009-01-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199560554
Cappelen and Hawthorne present a powerful critique of fashionable relativist accounts of truth, and the foundational ideas in semantics on which the new relativism draws. They argue compellingly that the contents of thought and talk are propositions that instantiate the fundamental monadic properties of truth and falsity.
Author : G. Oddie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400946583
The concept of likeness to truth, like that of truth itself, is fundamental to a realist conception of inquiry. To demonstrate this we need only make two rather modest aim of an inquiry, as an inquiry, is realist assumptions: the truth doctrine (that the the truth of some matter) and the progress doctrine (that one false theory may realise this aim better than another). Together these yield the conclusion that a false theory may be more truthlike, or closer to the truth, than another. It is the aim of this book to give a rigorous philosophical analysis of the concept of likeness to truth, and to examine the consequences, some of them no doubt surprising to those who have been unduly impressed by the (admittedly important) true/false dichotomy. Truthlikeness is not only a requirement of a particular philosophical outlook, it is as deeply embedded in common sense as the concept of truth. Everyone seems to be capable of grading various propositions, in different (hypothetical) situations, according to their closeness to the truth in those situations. And (if my experience is anything to go by) there is remarkable unanimity on these pretheoretical judge ments. This is not proof that there is a single coherent concept underlying these judgements. The whole point of engaging in philosophical analysis is to make this claim plausible.
Author : William P. Alston
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781501720550
One of the most important Anglo-American philosophers of our time here joins the current philosophical debate about the nature of truth. William P. Alston formulates and defends a realist conception of truth, which he calls alethic realism (from "aletheia," Greek for truth). This idea holds that the truth value of a statement (belief or proposition) depends on whether what the statement is about is as the statement says it is. Michael Dummett and Hilary Putnam are two of the prominent and widely influential contemporary philosophers whose anti-realist ideas Alston attacks.
Author : Alan Christopher Finlayson,Memorial University of Newfoundland. Institute of Social and Economic Research
Publisher : St. John's, Nfld. : Institute of Social and Economic Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Nature
ISBN : UCSD:31822016473902
Fishing for Truth is the complex story of the role of science in the decline of the Northern Cod stocks. At issue are conflicting interpretations of recent events, institutional and scientific texts, and scientific data. The central claim of the book is that all knowledge, including scientific knowledge, is influenced by social process. Finlayson, a sociologist, conducted extensive interviews with scientists and bureaucrats in the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO); he argues that failure to predict fish stocks is closely related to the failure to recognize how scientists' interpretations of natural reality are themselves socially constructed to a crucial degree.
Author : Michael Gelven
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780271038728
Author : George Boas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Truth
ISBN : OCLC:663444050
Author : Alfred Jules Ayer
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780486113098
"A delightful book … I should like to have written it myself." — Bertrand Russell First published in 1936, this first full-length presentation in English of the Logical Positivism of Carnap, Neurath, and others has gone through many printings to become a classic of thought and communication. It not only surveys one of the most important areas of modern thought; it also shows the confusion that arises from imperfect understanding of the uses of language. A first-rate antidote for fuzzy thought and muddled writing, this remarkable book has helped philosophers, writers, speakers, teachers, students, and general readers alike. Mr. Ayers sets up specific tests by which you can easily evaluate statements of ideas. You will also learn how to distinguish ideas that cannot be verified by experience — those expressing religious, moral, or aesthetic experience, those expounding theological or metaphysical doctrine, and those dealing with a priori truth. The basic thesis of this work is that philosophy should not squander its energies upon the unknowable, but should perform its proper function in criticism and analysis.
Author : K. Kijania-Placek,Jan Wolenski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401151085
This collection celebrates the centenary of the Lvov-Warsaw school, established by Kazimierz Twardowski in Lvov in 1895. This school belongs to analytic philosophy and successfully worked in all branches of philosophy. The Warsaw school of logic became perhaps the most important part of Twardowski's heritage. Lesniewski, Lukasiewicz and Tarski, leading Polish logicians, achieved results which essentially influenced the development of contemporary logic. A close connection of logic and philosophy was a typical feature of the Lvov-Warsaw school. The papers included in the collection deal with all directions of research undertaken by Polish analytic philosophers. Special attention is paid to logic and comparisons with other philosophical movements, particularly with Brentanism, which was one of the sources of the Lvov-Warsaw school.
Author : Bo Mou
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2009-09-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789048126231
I have been thinking about the philosophical issue of truth for more than two decades. It is one of several fascinating philosophical issues that motivated me to change my primary re ective interest to philosophy after receiving BS in mathem- ics in 1982. Some serious academic work in this connection started around the late eighties when I translated into Chinese a dozen of Donald Davidson’s representative essays on truth and meaning and when I assumed translator for Adam Morton who gave a series of lectures on the issue in Beijing (1988), which was co-sponsored by my then institution (Institute of Philosophy, Chinese Academy of Social Science). I have loved the issue both for its own sake (as one speci c major issue in the phil- ophy of language and metaphysics) and for the sake of its signi cant involvement in many philosophical issues in different subjects of philosophy. Having been attracted to the analytic approach, I was then interested in looking at the issue both from the points of view of classical Chinese philosophy and Marxist philosophy, two major styles or frameworks of doing philosophy during that time in China, and from the point of view of contemporary analytic philosophy, which was then less recognized in the Chinese philosophical circle.
Author : Dirk Greimann,Geo Siegwart
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780415406512
Whereas the relationship between truth and propositional content has already been intensively investigated, there are only very few studies devoted to the task of illuminating the relationship between truth and illocutionary acts. This book fills that gap. This innovative collection addresses such themes as: the relation between the concept of truth and the success conditions of assertions and kindred speech acts the linguistic devices of expressing the truth of a proposition the relation between predication and truth.
Author : Ernest LePore
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780631169482
Regardless of its particular topic, each of Donald Davidson's essays is part of a comprehensive progrqamme to address questions about language, mind and action, and their interconnections. Themes from this larger programme permeate and bind his work on semantics: on the notions of meaning and truth, on theories of truth, reference, logical form and inference, compositionality, 'intentional' operators, indeterminacy, conceptual relativism, skepticism and metaphor. Twenty-eight critical essays, including a substantial introduction to Davidson's philosophy of language, and three essays by Davidson himself, make up this volume. The volume's six sections corespond to the major section of Davidson's inquiries into Truth and Interpretation. Each contains critical essays addressing, interpreting and further develoing his views. The first section, written by the editor, gives an overview of the whole volume, the second section focuses on truth and meaning; the third, applications of Davidson's semantic theory; the fourth, radical interpretation; the fifth, language and reality, and the sixth, limits of the literal.
Author : Ilkka Niiniluoto
Publisher : Springer
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319991573
This book examines the philosophical conception of abductive reasoning as developed by Charles S. Peirce, the founder of American pragmatism. It explores the historical and systematic connections of Peirce's original ideas and debates about their interpretations. Abduction is understood in a broad sense which covers the discovery and pursuit of hypotheses and inference to the best explanation. The analysis presents fresh insights into this notion of reasoning, which derives from effects to causes or from surprising observations to explanatory theories. The author outlines some logical and AI approaches to abduction as well as studies various kinds of inverse problems in astronomy, physics, medicine, biology, and human sciences to provide examples of retroductions and abductions. The discussion covers also everyday examples with the implication of this notion in detective stories, one of Peirce’s own favorite themes. The author uses Bayesian probabilities to argue that explanatory abduction is a method of confirmation. He uses his own account of truth approximation to reformulate abduction as inference which leads to the truthlikeness of its conclusion. This allows a powerful abductive defense of scientific realism. This up-to-date survey and defense of the Peircean view of abduction may very well help researchers, students, and philosophers better understand the logic of truth-seeking.