Ultra Low Voltage Frequency Synthesizer And Successive Approximation Analog To Digital Converter For Biomedical Applications

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Ultra-Low-Voltage Frequency Synthesizer and Successive-Approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter for Biomedical Applications

Chung-Chih Hung,Shih-Hsing Wang
Ultra Low Voltage Frequency Synthesizer and Successive Approximation Analog to Digital Converter for Biomedical Applications Book PDF

Author : Chung-Chih Hung,Shih-Hsing Wang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030888459

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Ultra-Low-Voltage Frequency Synthesizer and Successive-Approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter for Biomedical Applications by Chung-Chih Hung,Shih-Hsing Wang Pdf

This book introduces the origin of biomedical signals and the operating principles behind them and introduces the characteristics of common biomedical signals for subsequent signal measurement and judgment. Since biomedical signals are captured by wearable devices, sensor devices, or implanted devices, these devices are all battery-powered to maintain long working time. We hope to reduce their power consumption to extend service life, especially for implantable devices, because battery replacement can only be done through surgery. Therefore, we must understand how to design low-power integrated circuits. Both implantable and in-vitro medical signal detectors require two basic components to collect and transmit biomedical signals: an analog-to-digital converter and a frequency synthesizer because these measured biomedical signals are wirelessly transmitted to the relevant receiving unit. The core unit of wireless transmission is the frequency synthesizer, which provides a wide frequency range and stable frequency to demonstrate the quality and performance of the wireless transmitter. Therefore, the basic operating principle and model of the frequency synthesizer are introduced. We also show design examples and measurement results of a low-power low-voltage integer-N frequency synthesizer for biomedical applications. The detection of biomedical signals needs to be converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter to facilitate subsequent signal processing and recognition. Therefore, the operating principle of the analog-to-digital converter is introduced. We also show implementation examples and measurement results of low-power low-voltage analog-to-digital converters for biomedical applications.

Opto-VLSI Devices and Circuits for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications

Ankur Kumar,Sajal Agarwal,Vikrant Varshnay,Varun Mishra,Yogesh Kumar Verma,Suman Lata Tripathi
Opto VLSI Devices and Circuits for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications Book PDF

Author : Ankur Kumar,Sajal Agarwal,Vikrant Varshnay,Varun Mishra,Yogesh Kumar Verma,Suman Lata Tripathi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000932348

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Opto-VLSI Devices and Circuits for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications by Ankur Kumar,Sajal Agarwal,Vikrant Varshnay,Varun Mishra,Yogesh Kumar Verma,Suman Lata Tripathi Pdf

The text comprehensively discusses the latest Opto-VLSI devices and circuits useful for healthcare and biomedical applications. It further emphasizes the importance of smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and the internet of things for the biomedical and healthcare industries. Discusses advanced concepts in the field of electro-optics devices for medical applications. Presents optimization techniques including logical effort, particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm to design Opto-VLSI devices and circuits. Showcases the concepts of artificial intelligence and machine learning for smart medical devices and data auto-collection for distance treatment. Covers advanced Opto-VLSI devices including a field-effect transistor and optical sensors, spintronic and photonic devices. Highlights application of flexible electronics in health monitoring and artificial intelligence integration for better medical devices. The text presents the advances in the fields of optics and VLSI and their applicability in diverse areas including biomedical engineering and the healthcare sector. It covers important topics such as FET biosensors, optical biosensors and advanced optical materials. It further showcases the significance of smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and the internet of things for the biomedical and healthcare industries. It will serve as an ideal design book for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering and biomedical engineering.

Direct Digital Synthesizers

Jouko Vankka,Kari A.I. Halonen
Direct Digital Synthesizers Book PDF

Author : Jouko Vankka,Kari A.I. Halonen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475733952

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Direct Digital Synthesizers by Jouko Vankka,Kari A.I. Halonen Pdf

A major advantage of a direct digital synthesizer is that its output frequency, phase and amplitude can be precisely and rapidly manipulated under digital processor control. This book was written to find possible applications for radio communication systems.

Index to IEEE Publications

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Index to IEEE Publications Book PDF

Author : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 666 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Electric engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015000506447

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Index to IEEE Publications by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Pdf

Issues for 1973- cover the entire IEEE technical literature.

Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios

Emanuele Lopelli,Johan van der Tang,Arthur H.M. van Roermund
Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra low Power Fast Frequency Hopping WSN Radios Book PDF

Author : Emanuele Lopelli,Johan van der Tang,Arthur H.M. van Roermund
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400701830

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Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios by Emanuele Lopelli,Johan van der Tang,Arthur H.M. van Roermund Pdf

Wireless sensor networks have the potential to become the third wireless revolution after wireless voice networks in the 80s and wireless data networks in the late 90s. Unfortunately, radio power consumption is still a major bottleneck to the wide adoption of this technology. Different directions have been explored to minimize the radio consumption, but the major drawback of the proposed solutions is a reduced wireless link robustness. The primary goal of Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios is to discuss, in detail, existing and new architectural and circuit level solutions for ultra-low power, robust, uni-directional and bi-directional radio links. Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios guides the reader through the many system, circuit and technology trade-offs he will be facing in the design of communication systems for wireless sensor networks. Finally, this book, through different examples realized in both advanced CMOS and bipolar technologies opens a new path in the radio design, showing how radio link robustness can be guaranteed by techniques that were previously exclusively used in radio systems for middle or high end applications like Bluetooth and military communications while still minimizing the overall system power consumption.

Time-to-Digital Converters

Stephan Henzler
Time to Digital Converters Book PDF

Author : Stephan Henzler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789048186280

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Time-to-Digital Converters by Stephan Henzler Pdf

Micro-electronics and so integrated circuit design are heavily driven by technology scaling. The main engine of scaling is an increased system performance at reduced manufacturing cost (per system). In most systems digital circuits dominate with respect to die area and functional complexity. Digital building blocks take full - vantage of reduced device geometries in terms of area, power per functionality, and switching speed. On the other hand, analog circuits rely not on the fast transition speed between a few discrete states but fairly on the actual shape of the trans- tor characteristic. Technology scaling continuously degrades these characteristics with respect to analog performance parameters like output resistance or intrinsic gain. Below the 100 nm technology node the design of analog and mixed-signal circuits becomes perceptibly more dif cult. This is particularly true for low supply voltages near to 1V or below. The result is not only an increased design effort but also a growing power consumption. The area shrinks considerably less than p- dicted by the digital scaling factor. Obviously, both effects are contradictory to the original goal of scaling. However, digital circuits become faster, smaller, and less power hungry. The fast switching transitions reduce the susceptibility to noise, e. g. icker noise in the transistors. There are also a few drawbacks like the generation of power supply noise or the lack of power supply rejection.

Design, Modeling and Testing of Data Converters

Paolo Carbone,Sayfe Kiaei,Fang Xu
Design Modeling and Testing of Data Converters Book PDF

Author : Paolo Carbone,Sayfe Kiaei,Fang Xu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642396557

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Design, Modeling and Testing of Data Converters by Paolo Carbone,Sayfe Kiaei,Fang Xu Pdf

This book presents the a scientific discussion of the state-of-the-art techniques and designs for modeling, testing and for the performance analysis of data converters. The focus is put on sustainable data conversion. Sustainability has become a public issue that industries and users can not ignore. Devising environmentally friendly solutions for data conversion designing, modeling and testing is nowadays a requirement that researchers and practitioners must consider in their activities. This book presents the outcome of the IWADC workshop 2011, held in Orvieto, Italy.

Data Converters, Phase-Locked Loops, and Their Applications

Tertulien Ndjountche
Data Converters Phase Locked Loops and Their Applications Book PDF

Author : Tertulien Ndjountche
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780429939051

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Data Converters, Phase-Locked Loops, and Their Applications by Tertulien Ndjountche Pdf

With a focus on designing and verifying CMOS analog integrated circuits, the book reviews design techniques for mixed-signal building blocks, such as Nyquist and oversampling data converters, and circuits for signal generation, synthesis, and recovery. The text details all aspects, from specifications to the final circuit, of the design of digital-to-analog converters, analog-to-digital converters, phase-locked loops, delay-locked loops, high-speed input/output link transceivers, and class D amplifiers. Special emphasis is put on calibration methods that can be used to compensate circuit errors due to device mismatches and semiconductor process variations. Gives an overview of data converters, phase- and delay-locked loop architectures, highlighting basic operation and design trade-offs. Focus on circuit analysis methods useful to meet requirements for a high-speed and power-efficient operation. Outlines design challenges of analog integrated circuits using state-of-the-art CMOS processes. Presents design methodologies to optimize circuit performance on both transistor and architectural levels. Includes open-ended circuit design case studies.

Electronics for Radiation Detection

Krzysztof Iniewski
Electronics for Radiation Detection Book PDF

Author : Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781439858844

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Electronics for Radiation Detection by Krzysztof Iniewski Pdf

There is a growing need to understand and combat potential radiation damage problems in semiconductor devices and circuits. Assessing the billion-dollar market for detection equipment in the context of medical imaging using ionizing radiation, Electronics for Radiation Detection presents valuable information that will help integrated circuit (IC) designers and other electronics professionals take full advantage of the tremendous developments and opportunities associated with this burgeoning field. Assembling contributions from industrial and academic experts, this book— Addresses the state of the art in the design of semiconductor detectors, integrated circuits, and other electronics used in radiation detection Analyzes the main effects of radiation in semiconductor devices and circuits, paying special attention to degradation observed in MOS devices and circuits when they are irradiated Explains how circuits are built to deal with radiation, focusing on practical information about how they are being used, rather than mathematical details Radiation detection is critical in space applications, nuclear physics, semiconductor processing, and medical imaging, as well as security, drug development, and modern silicon processing techniques. The authors discuss new opportunities in these fields and address emerging detector technologies, circuit design techniques, new materials, and innovative system approaches. Aimed at postgraduate researchers and practicing engineers, this book is a must for those serious about improving their understanding of electronics used in radiation detection. The information presented here can help you make optimal use of electronic detection equipment and stimulate further interest in its development, use, and benefits.

Photoplethysmography

Panicos A. Kyriacou,John Allen
Photoplethysmography Book PDF

Author : Panicos A. Kyriacou,John Allen
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128235256

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Photoplethysmography by Panicos A. Kyriacou,John Allen Pdf

Photoplethysmography: Technology, Signal Analysis, and Applications is the first comprehensive volume on the theory, principles, and technology (sensors and electronics) of photoplethysmography (PPG). It provides a detailed description of the current state-of-the-art technologies/optical components enabling the extreme miniaturization of such sensors, as well as comprehensive coverage of PPG signal analysis techniques including machine learning and artificial intelligence. The book also outlines the huge range of PPG applications in healthcare, with a strong focus on the contribution of PPG in wearable sensors and PPG for cardiovascular assessment. Presents the underlying principles and technology surrounding PPG Includes applications for healthcare and wellbeing Focuses on PPG in wearable sensors and devices Presents advanced signal analysis techniques Includes cutting-edge research, applications and future directions

Smart Sensor Interfaces

Johan Huijsing,Gerard C.M. Meijer
Smart Sensor Interfaces Book PDF

Author : Johan Huijsing,Gerard C.M. Meijer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461560616

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Smart Sensor Interfaces by Johan Huijsing,Gerard C.M. Meijer Pdf

Smart Sensor Interfaces brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Smart Sensor Interfaces serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.

Integrated Circuits for Analog Signal Processing

Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle
Integrated Circuits for Analog Signal Processing Book PDF

Author : Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461413837

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Integrated Circuits for Analog Signal Processing by Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle Pdf

This book presents theory, design methods and novel applications for integrated circuits for analog signal processing. The discussion covers a wide variety of active devices, active elements and amplifiers, working in voltage mode, current mode and mixed mode. This includes voltage operational amplifiers, current operational amplifiers, operational transconductance amplifiers, operational transresistance amplifiers, current conveyors, current differencing transconductance amplifiers, etc. Design methods and challenges posed by nanometer technology are discussed and applications described, including signal amplification, filtering, data acquisition systems such as neural recording, sensor conditioning such as biomedical implants, actuator conditioning, noise generators, oscillators, mixers, etc. Presents analysis and synthesis methods to generate all circuit topologies from which the designer can select the best one for the desired application; Includes design guidelines for active devices/elements with low voltage and low power constraints; Offers guidelines for selecting the right active devices/elements in the design of linear and nonlinear circuits; Discusses optimization of the active devices/elements for process and manufacturing issues of nanometer technology.

Signal Processing and Analysis of Electrical Circuit

Adam Glowacz,Grzegorz Królczyk,Jose Alfonso Antonino Daviu
Signal Processing and Analysis of Electrical Circuit Book PDF

Author : Adam Glowacz,Grzegorz Królczyk,Jose Alfonso Antonino Daviu
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039282944

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Signal Processing and Analysis of Electrical Circuit by Adam Glowacz,Grzegorz Królczyk,Jose Alfonso Antonino Daviu Pdf

This Special Issue with 35 published articles shows the significance of the topic “Signal Processing and Analysis of Electrical Circuit”. This topic has been gaining increasing attention in recent times. The presented articles can be categorized into four different areas: signal processing and analysis methods of electrical circuits; electrical measurement technology; applications of signal processing of electrical equipment; fault diagnosis of electrical circuits. It is a fact that the development of electrical systems, signal processing methods, and circuits has been accelerating. Electronics applications related to electrical circuits and signal processing methods have gained noticeable attention in recent times. The methods of signal processing and electrical circuits are widely used by engineers and scientists all over the world. The constituent papers represent a significant contribution to electronics and present applications that can be used in industry. Further improvements to the presented approaches are required for realizing their full potential.

Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters

Simon Louwsma,Ed van Tuijl,Bram Nauta
Time interleaved Analog to Digital Converters Book PDF

Author : Simon Louwsma,Ed van Tuijl,Bram Nauta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789048197163

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Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters by Simon Louwsma,Ed van Tuijl,Bram Nauta Pdf

Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters describes the research performed on low-power time-interleaved ADCs. A detailed theoretical analysis is made of the time-interleaved Track & Hold, since it must be capable of handling signals in the GHz range with little distortion, and minimal power consumption. Timing calibration is not attractive, therefore design techniques are presented which do not require timing calibration. The design of power efficient sub-ADCs is addressed with a theoretical analysis of a successive approximation converter and a pipeline converter. It turns out that the first can consume about 10 times less power than the latter, and this conclusion is supported by literature. Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters describes the design of a high performance time-interleaved ADC, with much attention for practical design aspects, aiming at both industry and research. Measurements show best-inclass performance with a sample-rate of 1.8 GS/s, 7.9 ENOBs and a power efficiency of 1 pJ/conversion-step.

Structural Biology

Quincy Teng
Structural Biology Book PDF

Author : Quincy Teng
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2005-05-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387243672

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Structural Biology by Quincy Teng Pdf

Over the years since NMR was first applied to solve problems in structural biology, it has undergonedramaticdevelopmentsinbothNMRinstrumenthardwareandmethodology. While it is established that NMR is one of the most powerful tools for understanding biological p- cesses at the atomic level, it has become increasingly difficult for authors and instructors to make valid decisions concerning the content and level for a graduate course of NMR in str- turalbiology. BecausemanyofthedetailsinpracticalNMRarenotdocumentedsystematically, students entering the field have to learn the experiments and methods through communication with other experienced students or experts. Often such a learning process is incomplete and unsystematic. This book is meant to be not only a textbook, but also a handbook for those who routinely use NMR to study various biological systems. Thus, the book is organized with experimentalists in mind, whether they are instructors or students. For those who have a little or no background in NMR structural biology, it is hoped that this book will provide sufficient perspective and insight. Those who are already experienced in NMR research may find new information or different methods that are useful to their research. Because understanding fundamental principles and concepts of NMR spectroscopy is essential for the application of NMR methods to research projects, the book begins with an introduction to basic NMR principles. While detailed mathematics and quantum mechanics dealing with NMR theory have been addressed in several well-known NMR books, Chapter 1 illustrates some of the fundamental principles and concepts of NMR spectroscopy in a more descriptiveandstraightforwardmanner.