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Ultrafast Dynamics of Quantum Systems by Baldassare di Bartolo Pdf
Based on a NATO Advanced Summer Institute, this volume discusses physical models, mathematical formalisms, experimental techniques, and applications for ultrafast dynamics of quantum systems. These systems are used in laser optics, spectroscopy, and utilize monochromaticity, spectral brightness, coherence, power density, and tunability of laser sources.
Ultrafast Dynamics of Quantum Systems by Baldassare Di Bartolo Pdf
Based on a NATO Advanced Summer Institute, this volume discusses physical models, mathematical formalisms, experimental techniques, and applications for ultrafast dynamics of quantum systems. These systems are used in laser optics, spectroscopy, and utilize monochromaticity, spectral brightness, coherence, power density, and tunability of laser sources.
Theory of Transport Properties of Semiconductor Nanostructures by Eckehard Schöll Pdf
Recent advances in the fabrication of semiconductors have created almost un limited possibilities to design structures on a nanometre scale with extraordinary electronic and optoelectronic properties. The theoretical understanding of elec trical transport in such nanostructures is of utmost importance for future device applications. This represents a challenging issue of today's basic research since it requires advanced theoretical techniques to cope with the quantum limit of charge transport, ultrafast carrier dynamics and strongly nonlinear high-field ef fects. This book, which appears in the electronic materials series, presents an over view of the theoretical background and recent developments in the theory of electrical transport in semiconductor nanostructures. It contains 11 chapters which are written by experts in their fields. Starting with a tutorial introduction to the subject in Chapter 1, it proceeds to present different approaches to transport theory. The semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation is in the centre of the next three chapters. Hydrodynamic moment equations (Chapter 2), Monte Carlo techniques (Chapter 3) and the cellular au tomaton approach (Chapter 4) are introduced and illustrated with applications to nanometre structures and device simulation. A full quantum-transport theory covering the Kubo formalism and nonequilibrium Green's functions (Chapter 5) as well as the density matrix theory (Chapter 6) is then presented.
Ultrafast Dynamics at the Nanoscale by Stefan Haacke,Irene Burghardt Pdf
Ultrafast Dynamics at the Nanoscale provides a combined experimental and theoretical insight into the molecular-level investigation of light-induced quantum processes in biological systems and nanostructured (bio)assemblies. Topics include DNA photostability and repair, photoactive proteins, biological and artificial light-harvesting systems, plasmonic nanostructures, and organic photovoltaic materials, whose common denominator is the key importance of ultrafast quantum effects at the border between the molecular scale and the nanoscale. The functionality and control of these systems have been under intense investigation in recent years in view of developing a detailed understanding of ultrafast nanoscale energy and charge transfer, as well as fostering novel technologies based on sustainable energy resources. Both experiment and theory have made big strides toward meeting the challenge of these truly complex systems. This book, thus, introduces the reader to cutting-edge developments in ultrafast nonlinear optical spectroscopies and the quantum dynamical simulation of the observed dynamics, including direct simulations of two-dimensional optical experiments. Taken together, these techniques attempt to elucidate whether the quantum coherent nature of ultrafast events enhances the efficiency of the relevant processes and where the quantum–classical boundary sets in, in these high-dimensional biological and material systems. The chapters contain well-illustrated accounts of the authors’ research work, including didactic introductory material, and address a multidisciplinary audience from chemistry, physics, biology, and materials sciences. The book is, therefore, a must-have for graduate- and postgraduate-level researchers who wish to learn about molecular nanoscience from a combined spectroscopic and theoretical viewpoint.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on Decadal Assessment and Outlook Report on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Science
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on Decadal Assessment and Outlook Report on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Science Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 315 pages File Size : 46,9 Mb Release : 2020-10-14 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309499514
Manipulating Quantum Systems by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on Decadal Assessment and Outlook Report on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Science Pdf
The field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science underpins many technologies and continues to progress at an exciting pace for both scientific discoveries and technological innovations. AMO physics studies the fundamental building blocks of functioning matter to help advance the understanding of the universe. It is a foundational discipline within the physical sciences, relating to atoms and their constituents, to molecules, and to light at the quantum level. AMO physics combines fundamental research with practical application, coupling fundamental scientific discovery to rapidly evolving technological advances, innovation and commercialization. Due to the wide-reaching intellectual, societal, and economical impact of AMO, it is important to review recent advances and future opportunities in AMO physics. Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States assesses opportunities in AMO science and technology over the coming decade. Key topics in this report include tools made of light; emerging phenomena from few- to many-body systems; the foundations of quantum information science and technologies; quantum dynamics in the time and frequency domains; precision and the nature of the universe, and the broader impact of AMO science.
Elements of Photoionization Quantum Dynamics Methods by Lampros A A Nikolopoulos Pdf
The dynamics of quantum systems exposed to ultrafast (at the femtosecond time-scale) and strong laser radiation has a highly non-linear character, leading to a number of new phenomena, outside the reach of traditional spectroscopy. The current laser technology makes feasible the probing and control of quantum-scale systems with fields that are as strong as the interatomic Coulombic interactions and time resolution that is equal to (or less than) typical atomic evolution times. It is indispensable that any theoretical description of the induced physical processes should rely on the accurate calculation of the atomic structure and a realistic model of the laser radiation as pulsed fields. This book aims to provide an elementary introduction of theoretical and computational methods and by no means is anywhere near to complete. The selection of the topics as well as the particular viewpoint is best suited for early-stage students and researchers; the included material belongs in the mainstream of theoretical approaches albeit using simpler language without sacrificing mathematical accuracy. Therefore, subjects such as the Hilbert vector-state, density-matrix operators, amplitude equations, Liouville equation, coherent laser radiation, free-electron laser, Dyson-chronological operator, subspace projection, perturbation theory, stochastic density-matrix equations, time-dependent Schrödinger equation, partial-wave analysis, spherical-harmonics expansions, basis and grid wavefunction expansions, ionization, electron kinetic-energy and angular distributions are presented within the context of laser-atom quantum dynamics.
Quantum Dynamics and Information by Robert Olkiewicz,Wojciech Cegla,Andrzej Frydryszak Pdf
The central theme of this lecture collection is quantum dynamics, regarded mostly as the dynamics of entanglement and that of decoherence phenomena. Both these concepts appear to refer to the behavior of surprisingly fragile features of quantum systems supposed to model quantum memories and to implement quantum date processing routines. This collection may serve as an essential resource for those interested in both theoretical description and practical applications of fundamentals of quantum mechanics.
Ultrafast Quantum Effects and Vibrational Dynamics in Organic and Biological Systems by Sarah Elizabeth Morgan Pdf
This thesis focuses on theoretical analysis of the sophisticated ultrafast optical experiments that probe the crucial first few picoseconds of quantum light harvesting, making an important contribution to quantum biology, an exciting new field at the intersection of condensed matter, physical chemistry and biology. It provides new insights into the role of vibrational dynamics during singlet fission of organic pentacene thin films, and targeting the importance of vibrational dynamics in the design of nanoscale organic light harvesting devices, it also develops a new wavelet analysis technique to probe vibronic dynamics in time-resolved nonlinear optical experiments. Lastly, the thesis explores the theory of how non-linear “breather” vibrations are excited and propagate in the disordered nanostructures of photosynthetic proteins.
Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry by Bretislav Friedrich,Horst Schmidt-Böcking Pdf
This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
Ultrafast Spectroscopy by Joel Yuen-Zhou,Jacob J. Krich,Alán Aspuru-Guzik,Ivan Kassal,Allan S. Johnson Pdf
The goal of this book is to provide a simple and conceptually intuitive introduction to nonlinear spectroscopy via the formalism of quantum processes and wavepacket dynamics.
Ultrafast Dynamics Driven by Intense Light Pulses by Markus Kitzler,Stefanie Gräfe Pdf
This book documents the recent vivid developments in the research field of ultrashort intense light pulses for probing and controlling ultrafast dynamics. The recent fascinating results in studying and controlling ultrafast dynamics in ever more complicated systems such as (bio-)molecules and structures of meso- to macroscopic sizes on ever shorter time-scales are presented. The book is written by some of the most eminent experimental and theoretical experts in the field. It covers the new groundbreaking research directions that were opened by the availability of new light sources such as fully controlled intense laser fields with durations down to a single oscillation cycle, short-wavelength laser-driven attosecond pulses and intense X-ray pulses from the upcoming free electron lasers. These light sources allowed the investigation of dynamics in atoms, molecules, clusters, on surfaces and very recently also in nanostructures and solids in new regimes of parameters which, in turn, led to the identification of completely new dynamics and methods for controlling it. Example topics covered by this book include the study of ultrafast processes in large molecules using attosecond pulses, control of ultrafast electron dynamics in solids with shaped femtosecond laser pulses, light-driven ultrafast plasmonic processes on surfaces and in nanostructures as well as research on atomic and molecular systems under intense X-ray radiation. This book is equally helpful for people who would like to step into this field (e.g. young researchers), for whom it provides a broad introduction, as well as for already experienced researchers who may enjoy the exhaustive discussion that covers the research on essentially all currently studied objects and with all available ultrafast pulse sources.
Ultrafast Dynamics in Molecules, Nanostructures and Interfaces by G G Gurzadyan,G Lanzani,C Soci,T C Sum Pdf
Primary events in natural systems or devices occur on extremely short time scales, and yet determine in many cases the final performance or output. For this reason research in ultrafast science is of primary importance and impact in both fundamental research as well as its applications. This book reviews the advances in the field, addressing timely and open questions such as the role of quantum coherence in biology, the role of excess energy in electron injection at photovoltaic interfaces or the dynamics in quantum confined structures (e.g. multi carrier generation). The approach is that of a monograph, with a broad tutorial introduction and an overview of the recent results. This volume includes selected lectures presented at Symposium on Ultrafast Dynamics of the 7th International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies. Contents:Femtosecond Real-Time Vibrational Spectroscopy Using Ultrafast Laser Pulses (Takayoshi Kobayashi and Juan Du)Multidimensional Optical Spectroscopy Using a Pump-Probe Configuration: Some Implementation Details (Zhengyang Zhang and Howe-Siang Tan)High-Sensitivity Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Photovoltaic Devices (Alex J Barker, Kai Chen, Shyamal Prasad and Justin M Hodgkiss)Transient Absorption Data Analysis by Soft-Modelling (I A Howard, H Mangold, F Etzold, D Gehrig and F Laquai)Infrared Ultrafast Optical Probes of Photoexcitations in Π-Conjugated Polymers/Fullerene Blends for Photovoltaic Applications (C-X Sheng, U Huynh and Z V Vardeny)Ultrafast Optical Probing of Carrier Motion in Conjugated Polymers and Blends for Solar Cells (Vidmantas Gulbinas, Andrius Devizis, Domantas Peckus and Dirk Hertel)Singlet Fission in Organic Crystals (Lin Ma, Christian Kloc, Cesare Soci, Maria E Michel-Beyerle and Gagik G Gurzadyan)Mapping Carrier Diffusion in Single Silicon Core-Shell Nanowires with Ultrafast Optical Microscopy (Minah Seo, Jinkyoung Yoo, Shadi Dayeh, Julio Martinez, Brian Swartzentruber, Samuel Picraux, Antoinette Taylor and Rohit Prasankumar)Exciton Dynamics and Its Regulation Ability in Photosynthesis (V Balevicius, Jr, L Valkunas and D Abramavicius)Ultrafast Intramolecular Dynamics in Novel Star-Shaped Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications (Oleg V Kozlov, Yuriy N Luponosov, Sergei A Ponomarenko, Dmitry Yu Paraschuk, Nina Kausch-Busies and Maxim S Pshenichnikov)Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Interfaces and Its Application to Organic Electronics (Silvia G Motti, Francisco C B Maia and Paulo B Miranda)Photoinduced Charge Transfer Dynamics at HybridGaAs/P3HT Interfaces (Jun Yin, Manoj Kumar, Majid Panahandeh-Fard, Zilong Wang, Francesco Scotognella and Cesare Soci)The First Step in Vision: Visualizing Wavepacket Motion through a Conical Intersection (Dario Polli, Daniele Brida, Cristian Manzoni, Giulio Cerullo, Piero Altoe', Marco Garavelli, Oliver Weingart, Katelyn Spillane, Philipp Kukura and Richard A Mathies)Ultrafast Investigation of Energy and Charge Transfer in a Prototypical Photovoltaic Blend (Guglielmo Lanzani, Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada and Daniele Fazzi)Vacancy-Doped Plasmonic Copper Chalcogenide Nanocrystals with Tunable Optical Properties (Ilka Kriegel, Jessica Rodríguez-Fernández, Chengyang Jiang, Richard Schaller, Enrico Da Como, Dmitri V Talapin, Jochen Feldmann) Readership: Academics and professionals in the fields of physics, chemistry and material science. Keywords:Nanostructure;Interface;Semiconductor;Nanoelectronics;Optics;SurfaceReviews: “This book provides an excellent introduction to the basics of ultrafast dynamics, describes advanced experimental methods and important applications to biological, charge transfer, low-dimensional systems and others. It is highly recommended to researchers and graduate students in the field of ultrafast laser spectroscopy.” Prof. Alan Heeger Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, 2000
Semiconductor Optics 1 by Heinz Kalt,Claus F. Klingshirn Pdf
This revised and updated edition of the well-received book by C. Klingshirn provides an introduction to and an overview of all aspects of semiconductor optics, from IR to visible and UV. It has been split into two volumes and rearranged to offer a clearer structure of the course content. Inserts on important experimental techniques as well as sections on topical research have been added to support research-oriented teaching and learning. Volume 1 provides an introduction to the linear optical properties of semiconductors. The mathematical treatment has been kept as elementary as possible to allow an intuitive approach to the understanding of results of semiconductor spectroscopy. Building on the phenomenological model of the Lorentz oscillator, the book describes the interaction of light with fundamental optical excitations in semiconductors (phonons, free carriers, excitons). It also offers a broad review of seminal research results augmented by concise descriptions of the relevant experimental techniques, e.g., Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, ellipsometry, modulation spectroscopy and spatially resolved methods, to name a few. Further, it picks up on hot topics in current research, like quantum structures, mono-layer semiconductors or Perovskites. The experimental aspects of semiconductor optics are complemented by an in-depth discussion of group theory in solid-state optics. Covering subjects ranging from physics to materials science and optoelectronics, this book provides a lively and comprehensive introduction to semiconductor optics. With over 120 problems, more than 480 figures, abstracts to each chapter, as well as boxed inserts and a detailed index, it is intended for use in graduate courses in physics and neighboring sciences like material science and electrical engineering. It is also a valuable reference resource for doctoral and advanced researchers.
The updated and enlarged new edition of this book provides an introduction to and an overview of semiconductor optics from the IR through the visible to the UV. It includes coverage of linear and nonlinear optical properties, dynamics, magneto- and electrooptics, high-excitation effects, some applications, experimental techniques and group theory. The mathematics is kept as elementary as possible. The subjects covered extend from physics to materials science and optoelectronics. New or updated chapters add coverage of current topics, while the chapters on bulk materials have been revised and updated.
