Understanding The Determinants Of Economic Informality In Paraguay

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Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay

Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola
Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030243937

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Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay by Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola Pdf

For several years, the government of Paraguay has sought to address the issue of informality, both as a response to poverty reduction and a means to expand its tax base. While effort has been undertaken to describe informality, the government lacks the capacity and perhaps the will to analyze the phenomenon through a robust empirical lens. Hence, little is known about the informal economy beyond anecdotes, personal interactions, and description. This book is the first to comprehensively, rigorously, and empirically study the determinants of informality in Paraguay. This book is of vital interest to those studying the Paraguayan economy, development economics, Latin American economics, and informality.

Informality in Paraguay

Mr.Mauricio Vargas
Informality in Paraguay Book PDF

Author : Mr.Mauricio Vargas
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513529271

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Informality in Paraguay by Mr.Mauricio Vargas Pdf

Paraguay’s economy features a high degree of informality. Based on different estimation approaches, informal activity represents more than half of total employment in Paraguay, a higher rate than those observed in its Latin American and the Caribbean peers. Theoretical and empirical considerations support the notion that regulations, enforcement policies, and government effectiveness are the ultimate determinants of informality. In all of these areas Paraguay performs weakly compared to regional peers. Using household and enterprise surveys, we find that Paraguay’s informal sector absorbs the most vulnerable workers but affects negatively medium and large firms in the formal sector. DSGE model simulations suggest that the optimal combination of policies to reduce informality is not straightforward, and needs to reflect the specific circumstances and objectives of the country.

The Long Shadow of Informality

Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
The Long Shadow of Informality Book PDF

Author : Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464817540

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The Long Shadow of Informality by Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu Pdf

A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.

Economic Informality

Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir
Economic Informality Book PDF

Author : Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0821379976

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Economic Informality by Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir Pdf

This survey assembles recent theoretical and empirical advances in the literature on economic informality and analyzes the causes and costs of informality in developed and developing economies. Using recent evidence, the survey discusses the nature and roots of informal economic activity across countries, distinguishing between informality as the result of exclusion and exit. The survey provides an extensive review of recent international experience with policies aimed at reducing informality, in particular, policies that facilitate the formalization process, create a framework for the transition from informality to formality, lend support to newly created firms, reduce or eliminate inconsistencies across regulation and government agencies, increase information flows, and increase enforcement.

The Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa

Leandro Medina,Mr.Andrew W Jonelis,Mehmet Cangul
The Informal Economy in Sub Saharan Africa Book PDF

Author : Leandro Medina,Mr.Andrew W Jonelis,Mehmet Cangul
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484309032

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The Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa by Leandro Medina,Mr.Andrew W Jonelis,Mehmet Cangul Pdf

The multiple indicator-multiple cause (MIMIC) method is a well-established tool for measuring informal economic activity. However, it has been criticized because GDP is used both as a cause and indicator variable. To address this issue, this paper applies for the first time the light intensity approach (instead of GDP). It also uses the Predictive Mean Matching (PMM) method to estimate the size of the informal economy for Sub-Saharan African countries over 24 years. Results suggest that informal economy in Sub-Saharan Africa remains among the largest in the world, although this share has been very gradually declining. It also finds significant heterogeneity, with informality ranging from a low of 20 to 25 percent in Mauritius, South Africa and Namibia to a high of 50 to 65 percent in Benin, Tanzania and Nigeria.

Informality

Guillermo Perry
Informality Book PDF

Author : Guillermo Perry
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821370933

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Informality by Guillermo Perry Pdf

Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.

Informality Trends and Cycles

Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini
Informality Trends and Cycles Book PDF

Author : Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Active Labor
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Informality Trends and Cycles by Norman Loayza,Jamele Rigolini Pdf

This paper studies the trends and cycles of informal employment. It first presents a theoretical model where the size of informal employment is determined by the relative costs and benefits of informality and the distribution of workers' skills. In the long run, informal employment varies with the trends in these variables, and in the short run it reacts to accommodate transient shocks and to close the gap that separates it from its trend level. The paper then uses an error-correction framework to examine empirically informality's long- and short-run relationships. For this purpose, it uses country-level data at annual frequency for a sample of industrial and developing countries, with the share of self-employment in the labor force as the proxy for informal employment. The paper finds that, in the long run, informality is larger in countries that have lower GDP per capita and impose more costs to formal firms in the form of more rigid business regulations, less valuable police and judicial services, and weaker monitoring of informality. In the short run, informal employment is found to be counter-cyclical for the majority of countries, with the degree of counter-cyclicality being lower in countries with larger informal employment and better police and judicial services. Moreover, informal employment follows a stable, trend-reverting process. These results are robust to changes in the sample and to the influence of outliers, even when only developing countries are considered in the analysis.

Global Economic Prospects, January 2019

World Bank Group
Global Economic Prospects January 2019 Book PDF

Author : World Bank Group
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813863

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Global Economic Prospects, January 2019 by World Bank Group Pdf

The outlook for the global economy has darkened. Global financing conditions have tightened, industrial production has moderated, trade tensions have intensified, and some large emerging market and developing economies have experienced significant financial market stress. Faced with these headwinds, the recovery in emerging market and developing economies has lost momentum. Downside risks have become more acute and include the possibility of disorderly financial market movements and an escalation of trade disputes. Debt vulnerabilities in emerging market and developing economies, particularly low-income countries, have increased. More frequent severe weather events would raise the possibility of large swings in international food prices, which could deepen poverty. In this difficult environment, it is of paramount importance for emerging market and developing economies to rebuild policy buffers while laying a stronger foundation for future growth by boosting human capital, promoting trade integration, and addressing the challenges associated with informality,

Paraguay

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Paraguay Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498334600

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Paraguay by International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept. Pdf

This Selected Issues paper analyzes the spillover effects of key external shocks on Paraguay. It presents an overview of Paraguay’s major economic and financial linkages with the rest world, and quantifies the spillover effects of key external factors on the Paraguayan economy, using a vector autoregression approach. The empirical results suggest that global shocks have a significant impact on Paraguay’s growth rate. The paper also highlights that output and exchange rate shocks stemming from Brazil and Argentina are also important, even after controlling for global factors.

The Shadow Economy

Friedrich Schneider,Dominik H. Enste
The Shadow Economy Book PDF

Author : Friedrich Schneider,Dominik H. Enste
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107034846

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The Shadow Economy by Friedrich Schneider,Dominik H. Enste Pdf

This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.

The Informal Economy Revisited

Martha Chen,Françoise Carré
The Informal Economy Revisited Book PDF

Author : Martha Chen,Françoise Carré
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429575389

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The Informal Economy Revisited by Martha Chen,Françoise Carré Pdf

This landmark volume brings together leading scholars in the field to investigate recent conceptual shifts, research findings and policy debates on the informal economy as well as future challenges and directions for research and policy. Well over half of the global workforce and the vast majority of the workforce in developing countries work in the informal economy, and in countries around the world new forms of informal employment are emerging. Yet the informal workforce is not well understood, remains undervalued and is widely stigmatised. Contributors to the volume bridge a range of disciplinary perspectives including anthropology, development economics, law, political science, social policy, sociology, statistics, urban planning and design. The Informal Economy Revisited also focuses on specific groups of informal workers, including home-based workers, street vendors and waste pickers, to provide a grounded insight into disciplinary debates. Ultimately, the book calls for a paradigm shift in how the informal economy is perceived to reflect the realities of informal work in the Global South, as well as the informal practices of the state and capital, not just labour. The Informal Economy Revisited is the culmination of 20 years of pioneering work by WIEGO (Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing), a global network of researchers, development practitioners and organisations of informal workers in 90 countries. Researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and advocates will all find this book an invaluable guide to the significance and complexities of the informal economy, and its role in today’s globalised economy. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429200724, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license

Women, gender and the informal economy : an assessment of ILO research and suggested ways forward

Sylvia Chant,Carolyn Pedwell
Women gender and the informal economy an assessment of ILO research and suggested ways forward Book PDF

Author : Sylvia Chant,Carolyn Pedwell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9221206084

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Women, gender and the informal economy : an assessment of ILO research and suggested ways forward by Sylvia Chant,Carolyn Pedwell Pdf

Reviews ILO research on women, gender and the informal economy. It compares and contrasts analytical and methodological frameworks used in various studies, identifies research gaps and directions for future research, and indicates key findings that may assist concerned ILO units in taking action and formulating policy directions.

The Informal Economy in Developing Countries

Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud
The Informal Economy in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317912231

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The Informal Economy in Developing Countries by Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud Pdf

Informality is ubiquitous in most developing countries. Understanding the informal economy is therefore of utmost importance from a political, economic and social point of view. Paradoxically, despite its economic importance, knowledge is extremely limited regarding the informal economy. It remains largely unrecognized by researchers, is neglected by politicians, and is even negatively perceived as it is meant to disappear with development. This book aims to amend this situation by presenting recent high level research which studies the informal sector and informal employment. Fresh research into this subject is presented through empirical analysis which covers Asia, Africa and Latin America. Each chapter relies on data and a detailed knowledge of the context of the countries studied in order to question the dominant schools of thought on the origins and causes of informality. The results provide interesting insights into the constraints faced by informal workers, the dynamics of the informal economy and its link with poverty issues. On the basis of the evidences provided by results adequate policies could be defined to address informality issues. The principal characteristics of the informal sector testify to some profound similarities between developing countries: low qualifications and the precariousness of jobs, mediocre incomes and working conditions, atomization of production units and lack of articulation with the formal economy, etc. This general statement does not contradict the observation that there is a high level of heterogeneity in the sector and in informal employment within each country, confirmed by several chapters in this work. In the absence of a sufficient number of job creations, the informal sector essentially constitutes a refuge for workers seeking and is here to stay in the short and medium term, even in emerging countries.

Business Regulation and Economic Performance

Norman V. Loayza,Luis Serv n
Business Regulation and Economic Performance Book PDF

Author : Norman V. Loayza,Luis Serv n
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010-01-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821381458

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Business Regulation and Economic Performance by Norman V. Loayza,Luis Serv n Pdf

The Schumpeterian process of 'creative destruction' is an essential ingredient of a dynamic economy. In many countries around the world, however, this process is weakened by pervasive regulation of product and factor markets. This book documents the regulatory obstacles faced by firms, particularly in developing countries, and assesses their implications for firm renewal and macroeconomic performance. Combining a variety of methodological approaches--analytical and empirical, micro and macroeconomic, single- and cross-country-- the book provides evidence that streamlining the regulatory framework would have a significant social pay-off, particularly in developing countries that are also burdened by weak governance. The book's chapters trace out analytically and empirically the links between microeconomic policies and distortions, on the one hand, and aggregate performance in terms of productivity, growth and volatility, on the other. The volume adds to a novel but increasingly influential literature that seeks to understand macroeconomic phenomena from a microeconomic perspective, and derive the relevant lessons for development policy. Such literature is still fairly scarce in the case of industrial countries, and virtually in its infancy for developing countries.

Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work The OECD Jobs Strategy

OECD
Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work The OECD Jobs Strategy Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264308817

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Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work The OECD Jobs Strategy by OECD Pdf

The labour markets of OECD and emerging economies are undergoing major transformations. The widespread slow-down in productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality in many countries are coupled with structural changes linked to the digital revolution, globalisation and ...