Economic Informality

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The Long Shadow of Informality

Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
The Long Shadow of Informality Book PDF

Author : Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464817540

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The Long Shadow of Informality by Franziska Ohnsorge,Shu Yu Pdf

A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.

Economic Informality

Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir
Economic Informality Book PDF

Author : Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2009-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0821379976

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Economic Informality by Ana Maria Oviedo,Mark R. Thomas,Kamer Karakurum- zdemir Pdf

This survey assembles recent theoretical and empirical advances in the literature on economic informality and analyzes the causes and costs of informality in developed and developing economies. Using recent evidence, the survey discusses the nature and roots of informal economic activity across countries, distinguishing between informality as the result of exclusion and exit. The survey provides an extensive review of recent international experience with policies aimed at reducing informality, in particular, policies that facilitate the formalization process, create a framework for the transition from informality to formality, lend support to newly created firms, reduce or eliminate inconsistencies across regulation and government agencies, increase information flows, and increase enforcement.

The Informal Economy

Ceyhun Elgin
The Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Ceyhun Elgin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000163810

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The Informal Economy by Ceyhun Elgin Pdf

The Informal Economy: Measures, Causes, and Consequences provides a comprehensive account of the economics of informality through the lenses of various economic perspectives. Although informal economic activity is widespread all around the world, many issues around its nature and consequences remain largely under-explored or unresolved. Most importantly, the evidence presented in the existing literature on informality has failed to generate a consensus on the measurements, causes, and effects of the informal sector among researchers. Most, if not all, of the empirical results are inconclusive or dependent on the nature of the dataset used in the analysis. This book aims to address that gap by exploring different definitions and measures of the informal economy, including different perspectives, then subjecting these measures to a battery of empirical tests to examine the determinants and effects of informality. Through this analysis and an extensive review of the literature, the book explores many of the economic, political, and social factors of the informal economy including the relationship between informality and the tax burden, tax enforcement, and institutional quality. This key text makes for compulsive reading to scholars and students interested in the informal or shadow economy.

The Global Informal Workforce

International Monetary Fund
The Global Informal Workforce Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513575919

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The Global Informal Workforce by International Monetary Fund Pdf

The Global Informal Workforce is a fresh look at the informal economy around the world and its impact on the macroeconomy. The book covers interactions between the informal economy, labor and product markets, gender equality, fiscal institutions and outcomes, social protection, and financial inclusion. Informality is a widespread and persistent phenomenon that affects how fast economies can grow, develop, and provide decent economic opportunities for their populations. The COVID-19 pandemic has helped to uncover the vulnerabilities of the informal workforce.

The Informal Economy in Developing Countries

Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud
The Informal Economy in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317912224

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The Informal Economy in Developing Countries by Jean-Pierre Cling,Stéphane Lagrée,Mireille Razafindrakoto,François Roubaud Pdf

Informality is ubiquitous in most developing countries. Understanding the informal economy is therefore of utmost importance from a political, economic and social point of view. Paradoxically, despite its economic importance, knowledge is extremely limited regarding the informal economy. It remains largely unrecognized by researchers, is neglected by politicians, and is even negatively perceived as it is meant to disappear with development. This book aims to amend this situation by presenting recent high level research which studies the informal sector and informal employment. Fresh research into this subject is presented through empirical analysis which covers Asia, Africa and Latin America. Each chapter relies on data and a detailed knowledge of the context of the countries studied in order to question the dominant schools of thought on the origins and causes of informality. The results provide interesting insights into the constraints faced by informal workers, the dynamics of the informal economy and its link with poverty issues. On the basis of the evidences provided by results adequate policies could be defined to address informality issues. The principal characteristics of the informal sector testify to some profound similarities between developing countries: low qualifications and the precariousness of jobs, mediocre incomes and working conditions, atomization of production units and lack of articulation with the formal economy, etc. This general statement does not contradict the observation that there is a high level of heterogeneity in the sector and in informal employment within each country, confirmed by several chapters in this work. In the absence of a sufficient number of job creations, the informal sector essentially constitutes a refuge for workers seeking and is here to stay in the short and medium term, even in emerging countries.

The Informal Economy Revisited

Martha Chen,Françoise Carré
The Informal Economy Revisited Book PDF

Author : Martha Chen,Françoise Carré
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429575389

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The Informal Economy Revisited by Martha Chen,Françoise Carré Pdf

This landmark volume brings together leading scholars in the field to investigate recent conceptual shifts, research findings and policy debates on the informal economy as well as future challenges and directions for research and policy. Well over half of the global workforce and the vast majority of the workforce in developing countries work in the informal economy, and in countries around the world new forms of informal employment are emerging. Yet the informal workforce is not well understood, remains undervalued and is widely stigmatised. Contributors to the volume bridge a range of disciplinary perspectives including anthropology, development economics, law, political science, social policy, sociology, statistics, urban planning and design. The Informal Economy Revisited also focuses on specific groups of informal workers, including home-based workers, street vendors and waste pickers, to provide a grounded insight into disciplinary debates. Ultimately, the book calls for a paradigm shift in how the informal economy is perceived to reflect the realities of informal work in the Global South, as well as the informal practices of the state and capital, not just labour. The Informal Economy Revisited is the culmination of 20 years of pioneering work by WIEGO (Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing), a global network of researchers, development practitioners and organisations of informal workers in 90 countries. Researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and advocates will all find this book an invaluable guide to the significance and complexities of the informal economy, and its role in today’s globalised economy. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429200724, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license

The Informal Economy in Developing Nations

Erika Kraemer-Mbula,Sacha Wunsch-Vincent
The Informal Economy in Developing Nations Book PDF

Author : Erika Kraemer-Mbula,Sacha Wunsch-Vincent
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107157545

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The Informal Economy in Developing Nations by Erika Kraemer-Mbula,Sacha Wunsch-Vincent Pdf

This pioneering study offers a conceptual model and rich empirical evidence to help researchers and policy-makers understand informal innovation in developing countries.

The Informal Economy

Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian
The Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351655316

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The Informal Economy by Ioana Horodnic,Peter Rodgers,Colin Williams,Legha Momtazian Pdf

During much of the twentieth century, informal employment and entrepreneurship was commonly depicted as a residue from a previous era. Its continuing presence was seen to be a sign of "backwardness" whilst the formal economy represented "progress". In recent decades, however, numerous studies have revealed not only that informal employment is extensive and persistent but also that it is growing relative to formal employment in many populations. Whilst in the developing world, the informal economy is often found to be the mainstream economy, nevertheless, in the developed world too, informality is currently still estimated to account for notable per cent of GDP. The Informal Economy: Exploring Drivers and Practices intends to engage with these issues, providing a much-need ‘contextualised’ approach to explain the persistence and growth of forms of informal economic practices and entrepreneurial activities in the twenty-first century. Using a diverse range of empirical case studies from Europe, Africa, North Africa and Asia, this book unpacks the different varieties of forms of informal work and entrepreneurship and provides a critical analysis of existing theorisations used to explain such phenomena. This book’s aim is to examine the nature and persistence of informal work and entrepreneurship, across a variety of empirical settings, from within the developed world, the developing world and within transformation economies within post-socialist spaces. Given its worldwide, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach and recent interest in the informal economies by a number of disciplines and organisations, this book will be of vital reading to those operating in the fields of: Economics, political economy and management, Human and economic geography and Economic anthropology and sociology as well as development studies

Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay

Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola
Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030243937

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Understanding the Determinants of Economic Informality in Paraguay by Michael J. Pisani,Fernando G. Ovando Rivarola Pdf

For several years, the government of Paraguay has sought to address the issue of informality, both as a response to poverty reduction and a means to expand its tax base. While effort has been undertaken to describe informality, the government lacks the capacity and perhaps the will to analyze the phenomenon through a robust empirical lens. Hence, little is known about the informal economy beyond anecdotes, personal interactions, and description. This book is the first to comprehensively, rigorously, and empirically study the determinants of informality in Paraguay. This book is of vital interest to those studying the Paraguayan economy, development economics, Latin American economics, and informality.

Informality

Guillermo Perry
Informality Book PDF

Author : Guillermo Perry
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821370933

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Informality by Guillermo Perry Pdf

Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.

Workers and the Global Informal Economy

Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi
Workers and the Global Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317445258

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Workers and the Global Informal Economy by Supriya Routh,Vando Borghi Pdf

The global financial crisis and subsequent increase in social inequality has led in many cases to a redrawing of the boundaries between formal and informal work. This interdisciplinary volume explores the role of informal work in today’s global economy, presenting economic, legal, sociological, historical, anthropological, political and cultural perspectives on the topic. Workers and the Global Informal Economy explores varying definitions of informality in the backdrop of neo-liberal market logic, exploring how it manifests itself in different regions around the world, and its relationship with formal work. This volume demonstrates how neo-liberalism has been instrumental in accelerating informality and has resulted in the increasingly precarious position of the informal worker. Using different methodological approaches and regional focuses, this book considers key questions such as whether workers exercise choice over their work; how constrained such choices are; how social norms shape such choices; how work affects their well-being and agency; and what role culture plays in the determination of informality. This interdisciplinary collection will be of interest to policy-makers and researchers engaging with informality from different disciplinary and regional perspectives.

Linking the Formal and Informal Economy

Basudeb Guha-Khasnobis,Ravi Kanbur,Elinor Ostrom
Linking the Formal and Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Basudeb Guha-Khasnobis,Ravi Kanbur,Elinor Ostrom
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2006-09-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199204762

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Linking the Formal and Informal Economy by Basudeb Guha-Khasnobis,Ravi Kanbur,Elinor Ostrom Pdf

A collection of studies on formality and informality in developing countries, this volume contains contributions from anthropologists, economists, sociologists, and political scientists. It argues for moving beyond the formal-informal dichotomy, and offers information to develop guiding principles for intervention.

The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality

Norman V. Loayza,Ana María Oviedo,Luis Servén
The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality Book PDF

Author : Norman V. Loayza,Ana María Oviedo,Luis Servén
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Burden Of Regulation
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality by Norman V. Loayza,Ana María Oviedo,Luis Servén Pdf

Abstract: The authors study the effects of regulation on economic growth and the relative size of the informal sector in a large sample of industrial and developing countries. Along with firm dynamics, informality is an important channel through which regulation affects macroeconomic performance and economic growth in particular. The authors conclude that a heavier regulatory burden-particularly in product and labor markets-reduces growth and induces informality. These effects are, however, mitigated as the overall institutional framework improves.

Informality, Labour Mobility and Precariousness

Abel Polese
Informality Labour Mobility and Precariousness Book PDF

Author : Abel Polese
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030824990

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Informality, Labour Mobility and Precariousness by Abel Polese Pdf

From the erosion of state legitimacy in Lebanon to the use of smartphones in Kyrgyzstan, from a Polish suburb to the music scene in Azerbaijan, this volume attempts to explain why, in a variety of world regions, a substantial number of people tend to ignore or act against state rules. We propose to look at informality beyond simplistic associations of the phenomenon with a single category such as "informal labour" or "corruption". By doing this, we propose to look for a correlation between the emergence, and persistence, of some informal practices and the quality of governance in a given area. We also suggest that a better understanding of the variety of informal practices present in a region can help conceptualising more adequate interventions and eventually improve the socio-economic conditions of its inhabitants.

Striving for Better Jobs

Roberta Gatti,Diego F. Angel-Urdinola,Joana Silva,András Bodor
Striving for Better Jobs Book PDF

Author : Roberta Gatti,Diego F. Angel-Urdinola,Joana Silva,András Bodor
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821395363

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Striving for Better Jobs by Roberta Gatti,Diego F. Angel-Urdinola,Joana Silva,András Bodor Pdf

While economic growth has been sustained for a number of years in many countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, this has not resulted in the creation of an adequate number of jobs and has succeeded, at best, in generating low-quality, informal jobs. While there is a great deal of heterogeneity across countries, informality in MENA is widespread, and some countries in the region are amongst the most informal economies in the world. The book looks at informality through a human development angle and focuses specifically on informal employment. In line with this approach, the working definition for informality adopted in the book is “lack of social security coverage” (usually understood as pensions, or if a pension system does not exist, as health insurance), which captures well the vulnerability associated with informal employment. Informal workers in MENA are generally engaged in low productivity jobs - more so than in comparator countries -, are paid less for otherwise similar work in the formal sector, and self-report low levels of satisfaction at work. Also, informal workers in MENA face important mobility barriers into formal employment and thus lack of social security coverage against health, unemployment, and old-age risks. Formal employment in the MENA region is strongly associated with public sector employment. Opportunities for formal employment in the private sector in the region remain very limited. The book identifies 5 strategic directions to promote long-term inclusive growth and formality, namely: (i) fostering competition; (ii) realigning incentives in the public sector; (iii) moving towards labor regulations that promote labor mobility and provide support to workers in periods of transition; (iv) enhancing the productivity of informal workers through training and skills upgrading; and (v) reforming existing social insurance systems and introduce new instruments for coverage extension. This book is addressed to policy makers, academics, and practitioners who wish to understand the phenomenon of informal employment, and policy options for promoting more inclusive and productive labor market opportunities.