Universal Language Schemes In England And France 1600 1800

Author : James Knowlson
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1975-12-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781487591021

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Universal language schemes in England and France 1600-1800 by James Knowlson Pdf

For centuries Latin served as an international language for scholars in Europe. Yet as early as the first half of the seventeenth century, scholars, philosophers, and scientists were beginning to turn their attention to the possibility of formulating a totally new universal language. This wide-ranging book focuses upon the role that it was thought an ideal, universal, constructed language would play in the advancement of learning. The first section examines seventeenth-century attempts to establish a universal 'common writing' or, as Bishop Wilkins called it, a 'real character and philosophical language.' This movement involved or interested scientists and philosophers as distinguished as Descartes, Mersenne, Comenius, Newton, Hooke, and Leibniz. The second part of the book follows the same theme through to the final years of the eighteenth century, where the implications of language-building for the progress of knowledge are presented as part of the wider question which so interested French philosophers, that of the influence of signs on thought. The author also includes a chapter tracing the frequent appearance of ideal languages in French and English imaginary voyages, and an appendix on the idea that gestural signs might supply a universal language. This work is intended as a contribution to the history of ideas rather than of linguistics proper, and because it straddles several disciplines, will interest a wide variety of reader. It treats comprehensively a subject that has not previously been adequately dealt with, and should become the standard work in its field.

Author : Emma Vorlat
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Language, Universal
ISBN : OCLC:1026996470

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Review of Universal language schemes in England and France 1600-1800 by James R. Knowlson by Emma Vorlat Pdf

Author : James Knowlson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Language, Universal
ISBN : OCLC:1417554292

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Universal Language Schemes in Englandand France, 1600-1800 by James Knowlson Pdf

Author : Linda C Mitchell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351807869

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Grammar Wars: Language as Cultural Battlefield in 17th and 18th Century England by Linda C Mitchell Pdf

This title was first published in 2001: Although 17th- and 18th-century English language theorists claimed to be correcting errors in grammar and preserving the language from corruption, this new study demonstrates how grammar served as an important cultural battlefield where social issues were contested. Author Linda C. Mitchell situates early modern linguistic discussions, long thought to be of little interest, in their larger cultural and social setting to show the startling degree to which grammar affected, and was affected by, such factors as class and gender. In her examination of the controversies that surrounded the teaching and study of grammar in this period, Mitchell looks especially at changing definitions and standardization of "grammar", how and to whom it was taught, and how grammar marked the social position of marginal groups. Her comprehensive study of the contexts in which grammar was intended or thought to function is based on her analysis of the ancillary materials - prefaces, introductions, forewords, statements of intent, organization of materials, surrounding materials, and manifestos of pedagogy, philosophy, and social or political goals - of more than 300 grammar texts of the time. The book is intended as a landmark study of an important movement in the foundation of the modern world.

Author : Vivian Salmon
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996-09-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027276094

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Language and Society in Early Modern England by Vivian Salmon Pdf

This volume brings together twelve previously published essays, divided into three sections: 1. Surveys of 16th- and 17th-Century Linguistic Scholarship, 2. The Study of Universal and Particular Traits of Language, and 3. Language Learning and Language Instruction. The volume is completed by an index of biographical names and an index of subjects and terms.

Author : Freeman G. Henry
Publisher : Summa Publications, Inc.
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 1883479592

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Language, Culture, and Hegemony in Modern France by Freeman G. Henry Pdf

In this panoramic study, Freeman Henry chronicles the rise to prominence of French language and culture. He meticulously analyzes the protracted government-sponsored efforts to foster and maintain that status and--ultimately--the latter-day challenges to France's national linguistic identity posed by Anglocentric globalization and a multicentric European Union. The internal history of the language is closely intertwined with its external history: phonology, morphology, lexicography, and orthography come alive against a backdrop of political, cultural, and institutional manifestations. A felicitous blend of documentary evidence and critical analysis serves to elucidate crucial stages, events, and concepts: 16th-century exuberance, 17th-century foundations, 18th-century expansionism, Revolutionary ideology. Restoration restructuring and commercialization, the advent of linguistic science, the coming of the media age, encroaching technocracy, and clamors for linguistic parity. Individual chapter focus on the plight of minority linguistic communities such as the blind and the deaf, language monitoring policies and legislation such as the Loi Toubon, as well as the feminization project legitimizing Madame la ministre. --Publisher description.

Author : Jeffrey M. Binder
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780226822532

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Language and the Rise of the Algorithm by Jeffrey M. Binder Pdf

A wide-ranging history of the intellectual developments that produced the modern idea of the algorithm. Bringing together the histories of mathematics, computer science, and linguistic thought, Language and the Rise of the Algorithm reveals how recent developments in artificial intelligence are reopening an issue that troubled mathematicians long before the computer age. How do you draw the line between computational rules and the complexities of making systems comprehensible to people? Here Jeffrey M. Binder offers a compelling tour of four visions of universal computation that addressed this issue in very different ways: G. W. Leibniz's calculus ratiocinator; a universal algebra scheme Nicolas de Condorcet designed during the French Revolution; George Boole's nineteenth-century logic system; and the early programming language ALGOL, whose name is short for algorithmic language. These episodes show that symbolic computation has repeatedly become entangled in debates about the nature of communication. To what extent can meaning be controlled by individuals, like the values of a and b in algebra, and to what extent is meaning inevitably social? By attending to this long-neglected question, we come to see that the modern idea of the algorithm is implicated in a long history of attempts to maintain a disciplinary boundary separating technical knowledge from the languages people speak day to day. Machine learning, in its increasing dependence on words, now places this boundary in jeopardy, making its stakes all the more urgent to understand. The idea of the algorithm is a levee holding back the social complexity of language, and it is about to break. This book is about the flood that inspired its construction.

Author : David Loewenstein,Alison Shell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000225549

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Early Modern Literature and England’s Long Reformation by David Loewenstein,Alison Shell Pdf

Assessing early modern literature and England’s Long Reformation, this book challenges the notion that the English Reformation ended in the sixteenth century, or even by the seventeenth century. Contributions by literary scholars and historians of religion put these two disciplines in critical conversation with each other, in order to examine a complex, messy, and long-drawn-out process of reformation that continued well beyond the significant political and religious upheavals of the sixteenth century. The aim of this conversation is to generate new perspectives on the constant remaking of the Reformation—or Reformations, as some scholars prefer to characterize the multiple religious upheavals and changes, both Catholic and Protestant—of the early modern period. This interdisciplinary book makes a major contribution to debates about the nature and length of England’s Long Reformation. Early Modern Literature and England’s Long Reformation is essential reading for scholars and students considering the interconnections between literature and religion in the early modern period. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Reformation.

Author : John Gallagher
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780192574930

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Learning Languages in Early Modern England by John Gallagher Pdf

In 1578, the Anglo-Italian author, translator, and teacher John Florio wrote that English was 'a language that wyl do you good in England, but passe Dover, it is woorth nothing'. Learning Languages in Early Modern England is the first major study of how English-speakers learnt a variety of continental vernacular languages in the period between 1480 and 1720. English was practically unknown outside of England, which meant that the English who wanted to travel and trade with the wider world in this period had to become language-learners. Using a wide range of printed and manuscript sources, from multilingual conversation manuals to travellers' diaries and letters where languages mix and mingle, Learning Languages explores how early modern English-speakers learned and used foreign languages, and asks what it meant to be competent in another language in the past. Beginning with language lessons in early modern England, it offers a new perspective on England's 'educational revolution'. John Gallagher looks for the first time at the whole corpus of conversation manuals written for English language-learners, and uses these texts to pose groundbreaking arguments about reading, orality, and language in the period. He also reconstructs the practices of language-learning and multilingual communication which underlay early modern travel. Learning Languages offers a new and innovative study of a set of practices and experiences which were crucial to England's encounter with the wider world, and to the fashioning of English linguistic and cultural identities at home. Interdisciplinary in its approaches and broad in its chronological and thematic scope, this volume places language-learning and multilingualism at the heart of early modern British and European history.

Author : David Cram,Jaap Maat
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191584589

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George Dalgarno on Universal Language by David Cram,Jaap Maat Pdf

George Dalgarno's 'Art of Signs' ('Ars Signorum', 1661) was the first work in the seventeenth century to present a fully elaborated universal language constructed on philosophical principles. It contains a wealth of observations on human language and the nature of representation in general, and the author takes issue with leading philosophers of his day, notably Hobbes and Descartes, on epistemological and logical questions. By including the first complete English translation alongside the Latin, the present edition makes this seminal text accessible to a wider audience. The text is further elucidated by a previously unpublished autobiographical tract in which Dalgarno describes the development of his ideas, and his discussions with John Wilkins, who eventually was to produce a rival universal language scheme. In this tract Dalgarno provides, in unprecedented detail, a lucid account of the major issues involved in the debate on the structure of a philosophical language. Further tracts by Dalgarno reprinted here illustrate other facets of his thought. These include a series of broadsheets in which he advertised his scheme; 'The Deaf and Dumb Man's Tutor' (1680) which contains some original observations concerning the teaching of language to the deaf; and a treatise on 'Double Consonants' - one of the earliest treatments of phonotactics. In bringing together for the first time the full range of Dalgarno's linguistic work - which has strking resonance with modern work in universal grammar and cognitive science - the present volume gives ready access to the ideas of this original and stimulating thinker.

Author : Janet Sorensen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2000-10-19
Category : History
ISBN : 0521653274

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The Grammar of Empire in Eighteenth-Century British Writing by Janet Sorensen Pdf

This study, first published in 2000, examines the role of language as an instrument of empire in eighteenth-century British literature.

Author : Pierre-Alexis Mével,Helen Tattam
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Context (Linguistics)
ISBN : 3034301286

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Language Et Ses Contexts by Pierre-Alexis Mével,Helen Tattam Pdf

Inspired by a postgraduate French studies conference (University of Nottingham, 10 September 2008), this volume explores linguistic form and content in relation to a variety of contexts, considering language alongside music, images, theatre, human experience of the world, and another language. Each essay asks what it is to understand language in a given context, and how, in spite of divergent expressive possibilities, a linguistic situation interacts with other contexts, renegotiating boundaries and redefining understanding. The book lies at the intersection of linguistics and hermeneutics, seeking to (a) contextualise philosophical and linguistic discussions of communication across a range of media and (b) illustrate their intimate relations, despite differing strategies or emphases. Puisant son inspiration dans un colloque de French studies pour doctorants (Université de Nottingham, 10 septembre 2008), cet ouvrage étudie forme et contenu linguistiques en relation avec différents contextes, considérant le langage conjointement avec la musique, les images, le théâtre, l'expérience du monde et un autre langage. Chaque chapitre dissèque la compréhension du langage dans un contexte donné, et se demande comment, en dépit de possibilités expressives divergentes, une situation linguistique interagit avec d'autres contextes, redessinant leurs frontières et redéfinissant la compréhension. Ce livre, situé à l'intersection entre la linguistique et l'herméneutique, a pour but de (a) contextualiser les discussions philosophiques et linguistiques sur la communication dans une gamme de médias et (b) démontrer leur relation intime, malgré des stratégies ou intentions différentes.

Author : Peter Harrison
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2001-07-26
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0521000963

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The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science by Peter Harrison Pdf

An examination of the role played by the Bible in the emergence of natural science.

Author : Colin Kidd
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1999-03-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139425728

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British Identities before Nationalism by Colin Kidd Pdf

Inspired by debates among political scientists over the strength and depth of the pre-modern roots of nationalism, this study attempts to gauge the status of ethnic identities in an era whose dominant loyalties and modes of political argument were confessional, institutional and juridical. Colin Kidd's point of departure is the widely shared orthodox belief that the whole world had been peopled by the offspring of Noah. In addition, Kidd probes inconsistencies in national myths of origin and ancient constitutional claims, and considers points of contact which existed in the early modern era between ethnic identities which are now viewed as antithetical, including those of Celts and Saxons. He also argues that Gothicism qualified the notorious Francophobia of eighteenth-century Britons. A wide-ranging example of the new British history, this study draws upon evidence from England, Scotland, Ireland and America, while remaining alert to European comparisons and influences.

Author : M. M. Slaughter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1982-09-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780521244770

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Universal Languages and Scientific Taxonomy in the Seventeenth Century by M. M. Slaughter Pdf

Examines highly regarded proposals during the seventeenth century for an artificial language intended to replace Latin as the international medium of communication.