Upper Mantle Heterogeneities From Active And Passive Seismology

Author : K. Fuchs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401589796

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Upper Mantle Heterogeneities from Active and Passive Seismology by K. Fuchs Pdf

600 km giving insight into the 3D structure of the upper mantle. These data are confronted with the requirements of the CTBT for 3D regional seismic models of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system. The two primary purposes of the present work are, first, to present these seismic observations on super long-range profiles in digitised format, using peaceful nuclear explosions (PNE) in the former USSR, and, second, to present the joint thoughts of experts from the deep seismic sounding (DSS) and the comprehensive test ban treaty (CTBT) communities. Implications for petrological and other earth science disciplines are presented. Audience: The CTBT community and earth scientists interested in the 3D structure of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system.

Author : John A. Goff,Klaus Holliger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461501039

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Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle by John A. Goff,Klaus Holliger Pdf

Most of our knowledge about the physical structure and the chemical composition of the Earth's deep interior is inferred from seismic data. The interpretation of seismic waves generally follows the assumption that the Earth's physical structure is grossly layered and that fluctuations of the physical parameters within individual layers are smooth in structure and small in magnitude. While this view greatly facilitates the analytic and interpretative procedure, it is clearly at odds with evidence from outcrops and boreholes, which indicates that compositional, structural and petrophysical heterogeneity in the Earth prevails over a wide range of scales. This book is the first to unify three different views of crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity. It brings together the geological view, which is derived from the analysis of crustal exposures and deep boreholes; the stochastic view, which attempts to find order and structure in these seemingly chaotic data; and the seismological view, which considers the end product of the complex interaction of seismic energy with the heterogeneous structure at depth. John Goff and Klaus Holliger have compiled chapters that explore and quantify the relationship between geological and petrophysical heterogeneity and its seismic response, and use seismic data to probe the fabric of the Earth's interior. Geologists, geostaticians, and geophysicists alike will benefit from the integrative perspective presented in Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle: Nature, Scaling, and Seismic Properties, making this text an unparalleled reference for professionals and students in Earth science fields.

Author : Dirk Gajewski,Wolfgang Rabbel
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034886703

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Seismic Exploration of the Deep Continental Crust by Dirk Gajewski,Wolfgang Rabbel Pdf

DEKORP, the German continental reflection seismic program, was the major focus of deep seismic research in Germany in the 1980s and 1990s. The seismic sections provided fundamental new insight into deep geological structure of the European continent and the dynamics of continental formation. They formed the basis for worldwide comparative studies of orogenic structure. The complicated signature of the reflections from the deep crust indicated that new processing and interpretation techniques must be considered to better image the crystalline crust. Results of these efforts, including pre-stack migration, 3-D imaging, shear waves and seismic anisotropy, are presented in this special volume. In part, the articles open the perspective to new and future research. In part, they document research activity triggered by technical and interpretational questions raised by DEKORP field work and profiling results. Many of the presented methods can find immediate application in industrial seismic prospecting.

Author : Barbara Romanowicz,Brian J. Mitchell
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034887113

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Q of the Earth: Global, Regional, and Laboratory Studies by Barbara Romanowicz,Brian J. Mitchell Pdf

Variations in seismic Q are sensitive to a much greater extent than are seismic velocity variations on factors such as temperature, fluid content, and the movement of solid state defects in the earth. For that reason an understanding of Q and its variation with position in the earth and with time should provide information in earth's tectonic evolution, as well as on aspects of its internal structure. Progress in understanding Q has suffered from difficulty in obtaining reliable amplitude data at global and temporary stations. Moreover, laboratory determinations of Q, until recently, were most often made at frequencies much higher than those measured by seismologists for waves propagating through the earth. Recent advances in seismic station distribution and quality, as well as in methodology at both high and low fequencies, have greatly improved the quality of observational data available to seismologists from global stations. Concurrent advances have been made in measuring Q using laboratory samples at frequencies that pertain to the earth and in theoretical understanding of seismic wave attenuation. Papers of this volume present new information on Q in the earth from several perspectives: methodology, results from global and regional observations of both body and surface waves, laboratory measurements, and theoretical understanding. The editors believe that we have reached a new threshold in Q studies and that advances in data quality and methodology will spur increased interest in this difficult, but interesting field.

Author : Friedemann Wenzel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2005-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540237127

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Perspectives in Modern Seismology by Friedemann Wenzel Pdf

Author : Irina Artemieva
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 795 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2011-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521843966

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Lithosphere by Irina Artemieva Pdf

Multidisciplinary overview of lithospheric structure and evolution, based on a full set of geophysical methods, for researchers and advanced students.

Author : Joachim R. R. Ritter,U.R. Christensen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2007-04-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540680468

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Mantle Plumes by Joachim R. R. Ritter,U.R. Christensen Pdf

The concept of mantle plumes is a key to understanding intraplate volcanism in the framework of modern plate tectonics. Recent progress in instrumental, analytical and satellite technology enables scientists to verify the plume hypothesis with seismic tomography, isotope geochemistry and other sophisticated techniques. In this book, a group of experts review these advances in plume research and present a general overview on recent plume studies.

Author : Hitoshi Mikada,Michael S Zhdanov,Junzo Kasahara
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 647 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780081027455

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Active Geophysical Monitoring by Hitoshi Mikada,Michael S Zhdanov,Junzo Kasahara Pdf

Active Geophysical Monitoring, Second Edition, presents a key method for studying time-evolving structures and states in the tectonically active Earth's lithosphere. Based on repeated time-lapse observations and interpretation of rock-induced changes in geophysical fields periodically excited by controlled sources, active geophysical monitoring can be applied to a variety of fields in geophysics, from exploration, to seismology and disaster mitigation. This revised edition presents the results of strategic systematic development and the application of new technologies. It demonstrates the impact of active monitoring on solid Earth geophysics, also delving into key topics, such as carbon capture and storage, geodesy, and new technological tools. This book is an essential for graduate students, researchers and practitioners across geophysics. Outlines the general concepts of active geophysical monitoring with powerful seismic vibrators and MHD generators Provides historical background for previous studies of seismically active zones Covers the theory and technology of active monitoring, including signal processing, data analysis, novel approaches to numerical modeling, and interpretation Discusses case histories and presents the results of worldwide, regional active monitoring experiments Thoroughly updated to include recent developments, such as updates relating to carbon capture and storage, microgravity, InSAR technologies, geodesy, reservoir monitoring, seismic reflection, and more

Author : Frode Ringdal,Brian L.N. Kennett,Brian Leslie Norman Kennett
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2001-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 376436534X

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty by Frode Ringdal,Brian L.N. Kennett,Brian Leslie Norman Kennett Pdf

In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This volume contains research papers focusing on seismic ecent location in the CTBT context. The on-site inspection protocol of the treaty specifies a search area not to exceed 1000 square km. Much of the current research effort is therefore directed towards refining the accuracy of event location by including allowances for three-dimensional structure within the Earth. The aim is that the true location of each event will lie within the specified source zone regarding postulated location. The papers in this volume cover many aspects of seismic event location, including the development of algorithms suitable for use with three-dimensional models, allowances for regional structure, use of calibration events and source-specific station corrections. They provide a broad overview of the current international effort to improve seismic event location accuracy, and the editors hope that it will stimulate increased interest and further advances in this important field.

Author : Frode Ringdal,Brian L.N. Kennett
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034882507

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Source Location by Frode Ringdal,Brian L.N. Kennett Pdf

In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This volume contains research papers focusing on seismic ecent location in the CTBT context. The on-site inspection protocol of the treaty specifies a search area not to exceed 1000 square km. Much of the current research effort is therefore directed towards refining the accuracy of event location by including allowances for three-dimensional structure within the Earth. The aim is that the true location of each event will lie within the specified source zone regarding postulated location. The papers in this volume cover many aspects of seismic event location, including the development of algorithms suitable for use with three-dimensional models, allowances for regional structure, use of calibration events and source-specific station corrections. They provide a broad overview of the current international effort to improve seismic event location accuracy, and the editors hope that it will stimulate increased interest and further advances in this important field.

Author : E. Krause,W. Jäger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783642596865

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High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ’99 by E. Krause,W. Jäger Pdf

The book contains reports about the most significant projects from science and engineering of the Federal High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS). They were carefully selected in a peer-review process and are showcases of an innovative combination of state-of-the-art modeling, novel algorithms and the use of leading-edge parallel computer technology. The projects of HLRS are using supercomputer systems operated jointly by university and industry and therefore a special emphasis has been put on the industrial relevance of results and methods.

Author : Heiner Igel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780198717409

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Computational Seismology by Heiner Igel Pdf

An introductory text to a range of numerical methods used today to simulate time-dependent processes in Earth science, physics, engineering and many other fields. It looks under the hood of current simulation technology and provides guidelines on what to look out for when carrying out sophisticated simulation tasks.

Author : Cliffort H. Thurber,Nitzan Rabinowitz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401595360

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Advances in Seismic Event Location by Cliffort H. Thurber,Nitzan Rabinowitz Pdf

Advances in Seismic Event Location provides a broad overview of the fundamental issues involved in seismic event location, and presents a variety of state-of-the-art location methods and applications at a wide range of spatial scales. Three important themes in the book are: seismic monitoring for a Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), seismic event location in three-dimensional Earth models, and methods for multiple-event location. Each chapter contains background material to help readers less familiar with the topics covered, as well as to provide abundant references for readers interested in probing deeper into a topic. However, most of the emphasis is on recent advances in methodology and their application. Audience: The book is intended primarily for academic and professional researchers and graduate students in seismology.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080914462

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Active Geophysical Monitoring by Anonim Pdf

Active geophysical monitoring is an important new method for studying time-evolving structures and states in the tectonically active Earth's lithosphere. It is based on repeated time-lapse observations and interpretation of rock-induced changes in geophysical fields periodically excited by controlled sources. In this book, the results of strategic systematic development and the application of new technologies for active geophysical monitoring are presented. The authors demonstrate that active monitoring may drastically change solid Earth geophysics, through the acquisition of substantially new information, based on high accuracy and real-time observations. Active monitoring also provides new means for disaster mitigation, in conjunction with substantial international and interdisciplinary cooperation. Introduction of a new concept Most experienced authors in the field Comprehensiveness

Author : Max Moorkamp,Peter G. Lelièvre,Niklas Linde,Amir Khan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118929087

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Integrated Imaging of the Earth by Max Moorkamp,Peter G. Lelièvre,Niklas Linde,Amir Khan Pdf

Reliable and detailed information about the Earth’s subsurface is of crucial importance throughout the geosciences. Quantitative integration of all available geophysical and geological data helps to make Earth models more robust and reliable. The aim of this book is to summarize and synthesize the growing literature on combining various types of geophysical and other geoscientific data. The approaches that have been developed to date encompass joint inversion, cooperative inversion, and statistical post-inversion analysis methods, each with different benefits and assumptions. Starting with the foundations of inverse theory, this book systematically describes the mathematical and theoretical aspects of how to best integrate different geophysical datasets with geological prior understanding and other complimentary data. This foundational basis is followed by chapters that demonstrate the diverse range of applications for which integrated methods have been used to date. These range from imaging the hydrogeological properties of the near-surface to natural resource exploration and probing the composition of the lithosphere and the deep Earth. Each chapter is written by leading experts in the field, which makes this book the definitive reference on integrated imaging of the Earth. Highlights of this volume include: Complete coverage of the theoretical foundations of integrated imaging approaches from inverse theory to different coupling methods and quantitative evaluation of the resulting models Comprehensive overview of current applications of integrated imaging including hydrological investigations, natural resource exploration, and imaging the deep Earth Detailed case studies of integrated approaches providing valuable guidance for both experienced users and researchers new to joint inversion. This volume will be a valuable resource for graduate students, academics, industry practitioners, and researchers who are interested in using or developing integrated imaging approaches.