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Author : Charles W. J. Withers Publisher : John Donald Page : 300 pages File Size : 46,9 Mb Release : 1998 Category : History ISBN : STANFORD:36105021970046
This text offers a full-scale examination of the out-movement of migrant Highlanders from the Highlands to the urban Lowlands in the 18th and 19th centuries and of the migrant culture of urban Gaels within this new urban context. It follows work by the author on the historical geography of the Gaedhealtachd, the Gaelic-speaking areas of Scotland.
Restraint In Urban Warfare: The Canadian Attack On Groningen, Netherlands, 13-16 April 1945 by Major Jeffrey D. Noll U.S. Army Pdf
Urban terrain presents significant tactical challenges to attacking armies, limiting weapons effects and mobility while disrupting formations and command and control. The human terrain in cities creates a tactical dilemma, placing large civilian populations in close proximity to the fighting. The issue of restraint in urban warfare has been described as a modern phenomenon, with urban warfare in World War II characterized as unlimited. In April 1945, however, the Canadian Army limited its firepower while attacking the city of Groningen, Netherlands to limit damage and civilian casualties. This thesis examines the reasons for these restraints and the methods used to balance those restraints with accomplishment of the mission. The Canadians limited their use of force for political reasons based on intent from the British. They accomplished their mission due to intelligence gained from the friendly population, local fire superiority gained by tanks and flamethrowers, and the ineffectiveness of the poorly organized and equipped German defense. This thesis provides a historical case study of the reasons for restraint in urban warfare and the tactical challenges associated with such limitations.
This introductory history of the Scottish diaspora (c.1700 to 1945) explores migration, Scots' experiences where they landed and the reverse impact of this migration on Scotland. It examines the geographies of the diaspora and key theories, concepts and t
Weather, Migration and the Scottish Diaspora by Graeme Morton Pdf
Why did large numbers of Scots leave a temperate climate to live permanently in parts of the world where greater temperature extreme was the norm? The long nineteenth century was a period consistently cooler than now, and Scotland remains the coldest of the British nations. Nineteenth-century meteorologists turned to environmental determinism to explain the persistence of agricultural shortage and to identify the atmospheric conditions that exacerbated the incidence of death and disease in the towns. In these cases, the logic of emigration and the benefits of an alternative climate were compelling. Emigration agents portrayed their favoured climate in order to pull migrants in their direction. The climate reasons, pressures and incentives that resulted in the movement of people have been neither straightforward nor uniform. There are known structural features that contextualize the migration experience, chief among them being economic and demographic factors. By building on the work of historical climatologists, and the availability of long-run climate data, for the first time the emigration history of Scotland is examined through the lens of the nation’s climate. In significant per capita numbers, the Scots left the cold country behind; yet the ‘homeland’ remained an unbreakable connection for the diaspora.
A History of Modern Urban Operations by Gregory Fremont-Barnes Pdf
This book investigates the complexities of modern urban operations—a particularly difficult and costly method of fighting, and one that is on the rise. Contributors examine the lessons that emerge from a range of historical case studies, from nineteenth-century precedents to the Battle of Shanghai; Stalingrad, German town clearance, Mandalay, and Berlin during World War II; and from the Battle of Algiers to the Battle for Fallujah in 2004. Each case study illuminates the features that differentiate urban operations from fighting in open areas, and the factors that contribute to success and failure. The volume concludes with reflections on the key challenges of urban warfare in the twenty-first century and beyond.
Episcopalianism in Nineteenth-Century Scotland by Rowan Strong Pdf
Rowan Strong examines the history of Scottish Episcopalianism in the nineteenth century as a response to the new urbanizing and industrializing society of the time. In particular, he looks at the various Episcopalian sub-cultures which had to come to terms with these social and economic changes. These sub-cultures include Highland Gaels; North-East crofters, farmers and fisherfolk; urban Episcopalians; aristocratic Episcopalians; and Evangelicals and Anglo-Catholics. He providesalso an outline of the history of Episcopalianism in Scotland from the sixteenth century to 1900, Rowan Strong addresses the issue of Episcopalianism and Scottish identity, which is topical today.
Echoes of Success: Identity and the Highland Regiments by Ian Stuart Kelly Pdf
In Echoes of Success, Ian Stuart Kelly describes how actual life experiences and public perception together shaped identity in the late Victorian Scottish Highland battalions.
Stepping Westward is the first book dedicated to the literature of the Scottish Highland tour of 1720-1830, a major cultural phenomenon that attracted writers and artists like Pennant, Johnson and Boswell, William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Coleridge, Scott, Hogg, Keats, Daniell, and Turner, as well as numerous less celebrated travellers and tourists. Addressing more than a century's worth of literary and visual representations of the Highlands, the book casts new light on how the tour developed a modern literature of place, acting as a catalyst for thinking about improvement, landscape, and the shaping of British, Scottish, and Gaelic identities. It pays attention to the relationship between travellers and the native Gaels, whose world was plunged into crisis by rapid and forced social change. At the book's core lie the best-selling tours of Pennant and Dr Johnson, associated with attempts to 'improve' the intractable Gaidhealtachd in the wake of Culloden. Alongside the Ossian craze and Gilpin's picturesque, their books stimulated a wave of 'home tours' from the 1770s through the romantic period, including writing by women like Sarah Murray and Dorothy Wordsworth. The incidence of published Highland Tours (many lavishly illustrated), peaked around 1800, but as the genre reached exhaustion, the 'romantic Highlands' were reinvented in Scott's poems and novels, coinciding with steam boats and mass tourism, but also rack-renting, sheep clearance, and emigration.
Urban Food Marketing and Third World Rural Development by T. Scarlett Epstein Pdf
Originally published in 1982. This book explores the nature of food marketing in Third World countries. Economic development invariably involves a transition from the traditional subsistence and/or barter economics to increasing participation in cash transactions. In many less developed countries this transition has been facilitated by enterprising middlemen, who provide the link between dispersed small satellite producers and urban buyers. In spite of these developments, producer-seller markets still operate in numerous countries, particularly the newly independent Pacific island states and large parts of Africa and Asia. This book examines the phenomenon of producer-seller markets, basing the study on the situation in New Guinea. The author then uses this data to construct theoretical propositions for the marketing of various food items and examines the producer-seller market, arguing that the lack of inter-regional economic interdependence is likely to promote secessional movements, particularly in states where two or more ethnic groups exist.
Lives in Transition by Peter A. Baskerville,Kris E. Inwood Pdf
Collective histories and broad social change are informed by the ways in which personal lives unfold. Lives in Transition examines individual experiences within such collective histories during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This collection brings together sources from Europe, North America, and Australia in order to advance the field of quantitative longitudinal historical research. The essays examine the lives and movements of various populations over time that were important for Europe and its overseas settlements - including the experience of convicts transported to Australia and Scots who moved freely to New Zealand. The micro-level roots of economic change and social mobility of settler society are analyzed through populations studies of Chicago, Montreal, as well as rural communities in Canada and the United States. Several studies also explore ethnic inequality as experienced by Polish immigrants, French-Canadians, and Aboriginal peoples in Canada. Lives in Transition demonstrates how the analysis of collective experience through both individual-level and large-scale data at different moments in history opens up important avenues for social science and historical research. Contributors include Luiza Antonie (Guelph), Peter Baskerville (Alberta), Kandace Bogaert (McMaster), John Cranfield (Guelph), Gordon Darroch (York), Allegra Fryxell (Cambridge), Ann Herring (McMaster), Kris Inwood (Guelph), Rebecca Kippen (Melbourne), Rebecca Lenihan (Guelph), Susan Hautaniemi Leonard (Michigan), Hamish Maxwell-Stewart (Tasmania), Janet McCalman (Melbourne), Evan Roberts (Minnesota), J. Andrew Ross (Guelph), Sherry Olson (McGill), Ken Sylvester (Michigan), Jane van Koeverden (Waterloo), Aaron Van Tassel (Western).
Unpacking the Kists by Brad Patterson,Tom Brooking,Jim McAloon Pdf
Historians have suggested that Scottish influences are more pervasive in New Zealand than in any other country outside Scotland, yet curiously New Zealand's Scots migrants have previously attracted only limited attention. A thorough and interdisciplinary work, Unpacking the Kists is the first in-depth study of New Zealand's Scots migrants and their impact on an evolving settler society. The authors establish the dimensions of Scottish migration to New Zealand, the principal source areas, the migrants' demographic characteristics, and where they settled in the new land. Drawing from extended case-studies, they examine how migrants adapted to their new environment and the extent of longevity in diverse areas including the economy, religion, politics, education, and folkways. They also look at the private worlds of family, neighbourhood, community, customs of everyday life and leisure pursuits, and expressions of both high and low forms of transplanted culture. Adding to international scholarship on migrations and cultural adaptations, Unpacking the Kists demonstrates the historic contributions Scots made to New Zealand culture by retaining their ethnic connections and at the same time interacting with other ethnic groups.
This book, originally published in 1988, examines the Highlands and Islands of Scotland over several centuries and charts their cultural transformation from a separate region into one where the processes of anglicisation have largely succeeded. It analyses the many aspects of change including the policies of successive governments, the decline of the Gaelic language, the depressing of much of the population into peasantry and the clearances.
The Search for a Common Identity by Brian R. Talbot Pdf
'The Search for a Common Identity' explores the process by which Scottish Baptists came to recognize the need for a union of Baptist churches in Scotland prior to 1869. This book identifies the major leaders in each of the three main Baptist streams in the early nineteenth century and shows how they came to the conviction that it was important for them to establish a common identity. At the heart of their unity was an enthusiasm for evangelism. The Baptist Home Missionary Society was formed in 1827. Its early successes demonstrated the wisdom of cooperation between the different Baptist agencies in Scotland. There had been three attempts to form a union of churches that failed because differences of perspective could not be reconciled. The principal achievement of the 1869 Baptist Union was in enabling Baptists with different theological opinions to come together to promote common practical objectives. In short, a shared sense of purpose led to the growth and establishment of the Baptist Union of Scotland.
