Using Fiscal Policy And Public Financial Management To Promote Gender Equality

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Using Fiscal Policy and Public Financial Management to Promote Gender Equality

Author : Janet G. Stotsky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000030624

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Using Fiscal Policy and Public Financial Management to Promote Gender Equality by Janet G. Stotsky Pdf

This book examines how fiscal policy and management can promote gender equality in developing as well as developed countries. Providing an international look at gender budgeting, it draws on countries at different levels of development, with an emphasis on low-income developing countries. It introduces the reader to the main trends in gender equality, the key ideas and rationale of gender budgeting from a fiscal policy perspective and where gender budgeting fits into public financial management. It offers case studies and other empirical evidence from developing, emerging, and developed countries on what works in using fiscal policy and public financial management to narrow gender gaps in education, health care, access to infrastructure, and economic empowerment. It also provides policy recommendations appropriate to countries at different levels of development. The reader will gain an understanding of how fiscal policy and public financial management can contribute to gender equality and women’s advancement. The book provides a well-grounded set of conclusions and policy recommendations, drawn from evaluation of the evidence. The focus is on low-income developing countries but is combined with a well-rounded look at developing countries, more generally, emerging markets, and developed countries as well. This book will be a valuable resource for economists and policy makers, particularly those in developing countries still grappling with large disparities between women and men. It will also prove useful to researchers and those who provide technical assistance and aid to countries on fiscal policies and tools for gender equality.

Excerpt: Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality

Author : Ms.Lisa L Kolovich
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-10-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781484322048

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Excerpt: Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality by Ms.Lisa L Kolovich Pdf

Historically, women around the world have had less opportunity than men in education, employment, and health care, and less political representation. The moral argument for gender equality is clear, and the economic evidence is mounting. The International Monetary Fund and other international institutions have focused in recent years on developing a range of approaches to help whittle away at the barriers that prevent girls and women from achieving their full economic potential. This book is based on a joint research project between the IMF and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development on gender budgeting around the world. The book summarizes some of the most prominent gender budgeting efforts in more than 80 countries tried over the last two decades. The research team relied on published materials, developed a questionnaire sent to the ministries of finance of all 189 IMF member countries, and conducted interviews with country officials and international organizations that offer technical assistance to countries seeking to implement gender budgeting. Although the gender gap is shrinking, progress remains uneven across many regions of the world. Gender budgeting allows fiscal authorities to ensure that tax spending and policies address inequality and the advancement of women in areas such as education, health, and economic empowerment. Gender budgeting has been targeted to a variety of goals such as access to education, childcare, and health services; raising female labor force participation; and eradicating violence against women. There are still many lessons to be learned in implementing the appropriate government policies and fiscal measures to continue promoting women’s development and gender equality.

Gender Budgeting

Author : Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475528565

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Gender Budgeting by Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky Pdf

Gender budgeting is an approach to budgeting that uses fiscal policy and administration to promote gender equality and girls and women’s development. This paper posits that, properly designed, gender budgeting improves budgeting, and it places budgeting for this purpose in the context of sound budgeting principles and practices. The paper provides an overview of the policies and practices associated with gender budgeting as they have emerged across the world, as well as examples of the most prominent initiatives in every region of the world. Finally, it suggests what can be learned from these initiatives.

Gender Budgeting in G7 Countries

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781498346849

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Gender Budgeting in G7 Countries by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. Pdf

At the request of the Italian Presidency of the G7, the IMF has prepared a paper on gender-budgeting as a contribution to the G7 initiative on equality. The paper provides an overview of gender-responsive budgeting concepts and practices in the G7 countries. It summarizes recent trends in gender equality in G7 and advanced countries, noting that while equality has improved overall, exceptions and gaps remain. Recognizing that many fiscal policies have gender-related implications, this paper: Sets out the main fiscal policy instruments, both expenditure and tax, that have a significant impact on gender equality. Provides a conceptual framework for the public financial management (PFM) institutions that play an enabling role in implementing gender-responsive fiscal policies. These instruments include gender budget statements, gender impact assessments, performance-related budget frameworks, and gender audits. Ministries of finance have an especially important role in promoting and coordinating gender budgeting, and associated analytical tools. Provides an assessment of the status of gender budgeting in the G7 countries. In preparing the paper, the IMF carried out a survey of PFM institutions and practices in the G7, as well as in three comparator countries that are relatively strong performers in developing gender-responsive budgeting (Austria, Belgium, and Spain). This information was complemented by other sources, including recent studies by the OECD and the World Bank. The main policy implications and conclusions of the paper include: Well-structured fiscal policies and sound PFM systems have the potential to contribute to gender equality, furthering the substantial progress already made by the G7 countries. While G7 countries have made effective use of a wide range of fiscal and non-fiscal policies to reduce gender inequalities, there has generally been less progress in developing effective gender-specific PFM institutions; embedding a gender dimension in the normal budgeting and policy-making routines varies across G7 countries and is not done systematically. Fiscal policy instruments of relevance to increasing gender equality include the use of tax and tax benefits to increase the supply of female labor, improved family benefits, subsidized child-care, other social benefits that increase the net return to women’s work, and incentives for businesses to encourage the hiring of women.

Gender Budgeting

Author : Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781475575460

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Gender Budgeting by Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky Pdf

Gender budgeting is an approach to budgeting that uses fiscal policy and administration to promote gender equality and girls and women’s development. This paper posits that, properly designed, gender budgeting improves budgeting, and it places budgeting for this purpose in the context of sound budgeting principles and practices. The paper provides an overview of the policies and practices associated with gender budgeting as they have emerged across the world, as well as examples of the most prominent initiatives in every region of the world. Finally, it suggests what can be learned from these initiatives.

Gender Budgeting in G20 Countries

Author : Virginia Alonso-Albarran,Ms. Teresa R Curristine,Gemma Preston,Alberto Soler,Nino Tchelishvili,Sureni Weerathunga
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781616354510

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Gender Budgeting in G20 Countries by Virginia Alonso-Albarran,Ms. Teresa R Curristine,Gemma Preston,Alberto Soler,Nino Tchelishvili,Sureni Weerathunga Pdf

Achieving gender equality remains a significant challenge, that has only deepened with the on-set of the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender budgeting (GB) can help promote gender equality by applying a gender perspective to fiscal policies and the budget process. This paper takes stock of GB practices in G20 countries and benchmarks country performance using a GB index and data gathered from an IMF survey. All G20 countries have enacted gender focused fiscal policies but the public financial management (PFM) tools to operationalize these policies are far less established. We find that notwithstanding heterogeneity across countries, the average G20 level of GB practice is relatively low. More progress has been made establishing GB frameworks and budget preparation tools than with budget execution, monitoring and auditing. Too few countries assess the upfront impact of policies on gender and/or evaluate ex-post the effectiveness of policies and programs. Where GB features are in place, they tend to operate as an ‘add-on’, rather than a strategic and integral part of resource allocation decisions. Progress with GB does not appear to be dependent on the level of country development. Key to future efforts will be harnessing opportunities for integrating GB tools into existing PFM systems and more closely linking GB initiatives with PFM reforms.

Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality

Author : Ms.Lisa L Kolovich
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781484348871

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Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality by Ms.Lisa L Kolovich Pdf

Historically, women around the world have had fewer opportunities than men in education, employment, health care, and politics. The moral argument for gender equality is clear, and the economic evidence is mounting. The International Monetary Fund and other international institutions have worked to help whittle away at the barriers that prevent girls and women from achieving their full economic potential. This book is based on a joint research project between the IMF and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development on gender budgeting around the world. The book summarizes prominent gender budgeting initiatives in more than 80 countries. Gender budgeting allows fiscal authorities to ensure that tax spending and policies address inequality and the advancement of women. Gender budgeting goals include increasing access to education, childcare, and health services; raising female labor force participation; and eradicating violence against women.

Financing for Gender Equality

Author : Zohra Khan,Nalini Burn
Publisher : Springer
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137461018

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Financing for Gender Equality by Zohra Khan,Nalini Burn Pdf

This collection of essays addresses the glaring gap between policy commitments and actual investments in gender equality, ranging across sectors and focusing on development aid, peace-building and climate funds. Casting a spotlight on the application of gender-responsive budgeting in public budgetary policies, systems and processes, the contributions to this volume explore the chequered trajectories of these efforts in Africa, the Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Andalucía. Critiquing systems of finance, from adherence to neo-liberal macroeconomic fundamentals which prioritise fiscal austerity, the book makes a compelling case for reframing and re-prioritizing budgets to comply with human rights standards, with a particular view to realizing women’s rights. The authors highlight the paltry funding for women’s rights organizations and movements and examine the prospects for making financing gender responsive. The specific policy, strategy and technical recommendations and the connections across silos which articulate the authors’ suggested operational levers will appeal to researchers, practitioners, students, policymakers, gender equality and human rights activists alike.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky,Ms.Lisa Kolovich,Suhaib Kebhaj
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781475520033

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Sub-Saharan Africa by Ms.Janet Gale Stotsky,Ms.Lisa Kolovich,Suhaib Kebhaj Pdf

Gender budgeting is an initiative to use fiscal policy and administration to address gender inequality and women’s advancement. A large number of sub-Saharan African countries have adopted gender budgeting. Two countries that have achieved notable success in their efforts are Uganda and Rwanda, both of which have integrated gender-oriented goals into budget policies, programs, and processes in fundamental ways. Other countries have made more limited progress in introducing gender budgeting into their budget-making. Leadership by the ministry of finance is critical for enduring effects, although nongovernmental organizations and parliamentary bodies in sub-Saharan Africa play an essential role in advocating for gender budgeting.

Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality

Author : Lisa Kolovich
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 9 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1484322967

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Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality by Lisa Kolovich Pdf

Historically, women around the world have had less opportunity than men in education, employment, and health care, and less political representation. The moral argument for gender equality is clear, and the economic evidence is mounting. The International Monetary Fund and other international institutions have focused in recent years on developing a range of approaches to help whittle away at the barriers that prevent girls and women from achieving their full economic potential. This book is based on a joint research project between the IMF and the United Kingdom's Department for International Development on gender budgeting around the world. The book summarizes some of the most prominent gender budgeting efforts in more than 80 countries tried over the last two decades. The research team relied on published materials, developed a questionnaire sent to the ministries of finance of all 189 IMF member countries, and conducted interviews with country officials and international organizations that offer technical assistance to countries seeking to implement gender budgeting. Although the gender gap is shrinking, progress remains uneven across many regions of the world. Gender budgeting allows fiscal authorities to ensure that tax spending and policies address inequality and the advancement of women in areas such as education, health, and economic empowerment. Gender budgeting has been targeted to a variety of goals such as access to education, childcare, and health services; raising female labor force participation; and eradicating violence against women. There are still many lessons to be learned in implementing the appropriate government policies and fiscal measures to continue promoting women's development and gender equality.

Asia

Author : Lekha Chakraborty
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 63 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475528169

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Asia by Lekha Chakraborty Pdf

This paper reviews gender budgeting efforts in Asia. The countries in the region have achieved mixed success in improving gender equality. Gender budgeting is ideally a fiscal innovation that translates gender-related goals into budgetary commitments and can help countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals with regard to gender equality. India has a sustainable gender budgeting model for the region, while a few countries in the region have begun such efforts more recently. The legislative mandates for gender budgeting in the Philippines and South Korea are remarkable achievements and are contributing to their efforts.

Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Practice

Author : Bola Akanji,Funmi Soetan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022-03-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781793652676

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Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Practice by Bola Akanji,Funmi Soetan Pdf

In the twenty-first century, gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) has emerged as a development tool that explores if and how gender equality goals and targets are being effectively supported through government funding. Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Practice: Lessons from Nigeria and Selected Developing Countries argues that, although justified by the high costs of gender inequality to economic growth and development, the use of GRB as a tool to achieve global and regional gender equality goals has seen little progress in the twenty-first century, especially in developing countries. Through analyses of government budgets and the budgeting process, and gender equality outcomes in Nigeria and the selected countries from 2000 to 2020, the contributors show that GRB has failed to gain traction or thrive in developing countries. Using these analyses, the contributors identify critical success factors that are missing in policy-making and planning in the developing world and must be integrated in order to further facilitate inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Gender Budgeting in Europe

Author : Angela O'Hagan,Elisabeth Klatzer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319648910

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Gender Budgeting in Europe by Angela O'Hagan,Elisabeth Klatzer Pdf

This book takes a broad look at conceptual and practical applications of gender budgeting in Europe. It comprises three linked sections that work through conceptual definitions of gender budget analysis. These sections explore how it can be framed and constructed as a gender equality policy; investigate case studies across Europe; and examine challenges for implementation. The first book of its kind, Gender Budgeting in Europe explores conceptual and methodological variations evidence in practice in Europe and the challenges of adoption and implementation in different political and institutional contexts. It brings together historical and current conceptual developments and tensions; approaches, methodologies, and tools in practice across Europe; activism, actors and agency and the engagement of formal institutions at all levels of government with feminist policy changes and feminist analysis and activists. This text is fascinating reading for students, scholars, policy makers and activists.

Fiscal Policy for Sustainable Development in Asia-Pacific

Author : Lekha S. Chakraborty
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9811932824

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Fiscal Policy for Sustainable Development in Asia-Pacific by Lekha S. Chakraborty Pdf

"Lekha Chakraborty's new book is a welcome addition to an area of public finance that is still relatively unknown to many. It is an area that is likely to grow in importance. This book should help in attracting increasing attention to this area." -- Vito Tanzi, former Director, IMF Fiscal Affairs This book examines how macro-fiscal policy can lead to gender-aware human development in an emerging economy like India, with special reference to gender budgeting. Integrating gender lens in macro-fiscal policies has been widely recognized in international and national policy making and budgeting. The book highlights the gender diagnosis-the measurement issues relate to construction of gender outcome variables; the statistical invisibility of unpaid care economy sector and how deficiency in public infrastructure can accentuate the private costs; the analytical link between gender outcome variables and macro-fiscal policy frameworks; the role and impact of fiscal transfers on gender equality outcomes at subnational levels; time series of gender budgets in India across sectors and its fiscal marksmanship; gender disaggregated public expenditure benefit incidence analysis to understand the distributional impacts of public spending on women across income quintiles and suggest policy alternatives. The book uses unique database-time use survey data and the disaggregated demand for grants, expenditure budgets using gender lens. The book employs case study, simple statistical tools for the analysis and econometric methodology. Dr. Lekha S. Chakraborty is Professor at National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, India. She is elected as Member of Governing Board of Management of International Institute of Public Finance (IIPF), Munich. She is also affiliated as Research Associate with the Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, New York, USA. She is the pioneer economist who has worked for institutionalizing gender budgeting in India, working with the Chief Economic Advisor, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, in 2004. She is the author of Fiscal Consolidation, Budget deficits and Macroeconomy (2016) and co-author of the book Social Sector in Decentralised Economy: India in the Era of Globalisation (2016). Her work experience on macro-fiscal policy and human development spans across Asia Pacific, and some specific countries include Sweden, Canada, Morocco, the Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, and Mexico.

Women and Trade

Author : World Bank;World Trade Organization
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815560

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Women and Trade by World Bank;World Trade Organization Pdf

Trade can dramatically improve women’s lives, creating new jobs, enhancing consumer choices, and increasing women’s bargaining power in society. It can also lead to job losses and a concentration of work in low-skilled employment. Given the complexity and specificity of the relationship between trade and gender, it is essential to assess the potential impact of trade policy on both women and men and to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies to ensure that trade helps to enhance opportunities for all. Research on gender equality and trade has been constrained by limited data and a lack of understanding of the connections among the economic roles that women play as workers, consumers, and decision makers. Building on new analyses and new sex-disaggregated data, Women and Trade: The Role of Trade in Promoting Gender Equality aims to advance the understanding of the relationship between trade and gender equality and to identify a series of opportunities through which trade can improve the lives of women.