Value And Unequal Exchange In International Trade

Author : Andrea Ricci
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000388220

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Value and Unequal Exchange in International Trade by Andrea Ricci Pdf

Contrary to the claims made by neoliberal governments and mainstream academics, this book argues that the huge increase in trade in recent decades has not made the world a fairer place: instead, the age of globalization has become a time of mass migration caused by increasing global inequality. The theory of unequal exchange challenges the free trade doctrine, claiming that transfers of value from poorer to richer countries are hidden behind apparently equivalent market transactions. Following a critical review of the existing approaches, the book proposes a general theory of unequal exchange in the light of an innovative reconstruction of Marx’s international law of value, in which money and exchange rates play a crucial role in decoupling value captured from value produced by different countries, even in perfectly competitive world markets. On this theoretical basis, the book provides an empirical analysis of the international transfers of value in both traditional trade and Global Value Chains. The resulting world mapping of unequal exchange shows the geographical hierarchy of capital global exploitation by revealing a world divided into two quite separate camps of donor and receiving countries, the former being the poorer countries and the latter the richer countries. This book is addressed to scholars and students of economics and social sciences, as well as activists of the North and the South, interested in a better understanding of the asymmetric power relations implied in global trade. It makes a significant contribution to the literature on political economy, trade, Marxism, international relations, and economic geography.

Author : Arghiri Emmanuel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Economic development
ISBN : UCSC:32106000959194

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Unequal Exchange by Arghiri Emmanuel Pdf

Author : Kunibert Raffer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1987-06-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349091874

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Unequal Exchange and the Evolution of the World System by Kunibert Raffer Pdf

Author : Gernot Kohler,Arno Tausch
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1590330021

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Global Keynesianism by Gernot Kohler,Arno Tausch Pdf

Global Keynesianism - Unequal Exchange & Global Exploration

Author : Alf Hornborg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1108454194

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Nature, Society, and Justice in the Anthropocene by Alf Hornborg Pdf

Are money and technology the core illusions of our time? In this book, Alf Hornborg offers a fresh assessment of the inequalities and environmental degradation of the world. He shows how both mainstream and radical economists are limited by a particular worldview and, as a result, do not grasp that conventional money is at the root of many of the problems that are threatening societies, not to mention planet Earth itself. Hornborg demonstrates how market prices obscure asymmetric exchanges of resources - human labor, land, energy, materials - under a veil of fictive reciprocity. Such unequal exchange, he claims, underpins the phenomenon of technological development, which is, fundamentally, a redistribution of time and space - human labor and land - in world society. Hornborg deftly illustrates how money and technology have shaped our thinking and our social and ecological relations, with disturbing consequences. He also offers solutions for their redesign in ways that will promote justice and sustainability.

Author : Alf Hornborg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136658495

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Global Ecology and Unequal Exchange by Alf Hornborg Pdf

In modern society, we tend to have faith in technology. But is our concept of ‘technology’ itself a cultural illusion? This book challenges the idea that humanity as a whole is united in a common development toward increasingly efficient technologies. Instead it argues that modern technology implies a kind of global ‘zero-sum game’ involving uneven resource flows, which make it possible for wealthier parts of global society to save time and space at the expense of humans and environments in the poorer parts. We tend to think of the functioning of machines as if it was detached from the social relations of exchange which make machines economically and physically possible (in some areas). But even the steam engine that was the core of the Industrial Revolution in England was indissolubly linked to slave labour and soil erosion in distant cotton plantations. And even as seemingly benign a technology as railways have historically saved time (and accessed space) primarily for those who can afford them, but at the expense of labour time and natural space lost for other social groups with less purchasing power. The existence of technology, in other words, is not a cornucopia signifying general human progress, but the unevenly distributed result of unequal resource transfers that the science of economics is not equipped to perceive. Technology is not simply a relation between humans and their natural environment, but more fundamentally a way of organizing global human society. From the very start it has been a global phenomenon, which has intertwined political, economic and environmental histories in complex and inequitable ways. This book unravels these complex connections and rejects the widespread notion that technology will make the world sustainable. Instead it suggests a radical reform of money, which would be as useful for achieving sustainability as for avoiding financial breakdown. It brings together various perspectives from environmental and economic anthropology, ecological economics, political ecology, world-system analysis, fetishism theory, semiotics, environmental and economic history, and development theory. Its main contribution is a new understanding of technological development and concerns about global sustainability as questions of power and uneven distribution, ultimately deriving from the inherent logic of general-purpose money. It should be of interest to students and professionals with a background or current engagement in anthropology, sustainability studies, environmental history, economic history, or development studies.

Author : R. Scott Frey,Paul K. Gellert,Harry F. Dahms
Publisher : Springer
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319897400

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Ecologically Unequal Exchange by R. Scott Frey,Paul K. Gellert,Harry F. Dahms Pdf

At a time of societal urgency surrounding ecological crises from depleted fisheries to mineral extraction and potential pathways towards environmental and ecological justice, this book re-examines ecologically unequal exchange (EUE) from a historical and comparative perspective. The theory of ecologically unequal exchange posits that core or northern consumption and capital accumulation is based on peripheral or southern environmental degradation and extraction. In other words, structures of social and environmental inequality between the Global North and Global South are founded in the extraction of materials from, as well as displacement of waste to, the South. This volume represents a set of tightly interlinked papers with the aim to assess ecologically unequal exchange and to move it forward. Chapters are organised into three main sections: theoretical foundations and critical reflections on ecologically unequal exchange; empirical research on mining, deforestation, fisheries, and the like; and strategies for responding to the adverse consequences associated with unequal ecological exchange. Scholars as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students will benefit from the spirited re-evaluation and extension of ecologically unequal exchange theory, research, and praxis.

Author : Jan Otto Andersson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : International economic relations
ISBN : MINN:319510009890295

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Studies in the Theory of Unequal Exchange Between Nations by Jan Otto Andersson Pdf

Author : Kunibert Raffer
Publisher : New York : St. Martin's Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0312004400

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Unequal Exchange and the Evolution of the World System by Kunibert Raffer Pdf

Author : Oscar Braun,Richard Brown,Phil Wright
Publisher : Humanities Press International
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Commerce
ISBN : UCAL:B4432013

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International Trade and Imperialism by Oscar Braun,Richard Brown,Phil Wright Pdf

Author : Chris Edwards
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317405986

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The Fragmented World by Chris Edwards Pdf

This comprehensive textbook, first published in 1985, on the world economic, written specifically for non-specialists, compares neo-classical, neo-Ricardian and Marxist theories and policies in international economics. Theories of trade and money, and issues such as international debt crisis, the rise of the newly industrializing countries and the demands for a New International Economic Order, and explained clearly and concisely. A wide range of political economics across the political spectrum are discussed. This accessible book will be of interest to anyone who wants to make sense of the complexities of international economy and the competing theories on trade, money and crisis.

Author : Ron Baiman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317527015

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The Global Free Trade Error by Ron Baiman Pdf

The doctrine of "free trade" is second only to that of "free markets" in undergirding ideological support for our current global economic structures and rules. From David Ricardo’s "comparative advantage principle" to James Meade’s Neoclassical or mainstream economics proof of self-adjusting free trade equilibrium, the free trade doctrine has had a lasting and destructive hold on Neoclassical economic thinking since its inception. The Global Free Trade Error provides a detailed analysis of these foundational models and counter-poses these to alternative Neo-Marxist "unequal exchange" models of global trade and finance. In the first part of the book the three core free trade models alluded to above are respectively demonstrated to be: overdetermined, inapplicable, and infeasible. In particular, Ricardo’s parable is shown to support managed trade rather than free trade as Ricardo and two centuries of economic texts have claimed. In the second part of the book, unequal exchange analyses of global trade are shown to provide logically coherent and useful insights into global trade and finance. In the third and final part of the book, this unequal exchange perspective is used, within a general "demand and cost" setting, to develop a set of global managed trade principles for a more equitable and sustainable world trade regime. This book will be of great interest to those who study political economy, history of economic thought, and international trade, including trade agreements and tariffs.

Author : Bob Milward
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429628276

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International Trade and Sustainable Development by Bob Milward Pdf

The contemporary orthodox view of world trade has centred, generally unchallenged, on the ideas of free trade, based on the theoretical construct of comparative advantage. This book will engage in a critique of the orthodox position based on the underlying theoretical economic construct, the historical development of the now developed economies and the morally unsustainable position of the free-trade regime. The author examines alternatives such as Most Favoured Nation and Preferential Trading Agreements before making the argument in favour of Asymmetric Trading, where the underdeveloped economies can develop behind tariff barriers and quotas, whilst the triadic nations maintain a lack of barriers to the exports of these economies. He outlines how such a trading regime would be mutually beneficial in the long term, in the sense that development through industrialisation takes place and the increase in GDP per capita would allow markets for exports to be sustainable, thus widening the market for the goods and services of the developed economies. However, the author demonstrates that free trade actually increases the development gap by maintaining the status quo in terms of the underdeveloped economies specialising in and exporting low value-added primary products and importing high value-added manufactures. The book analyses contemporary and historical data to illustrate how an alternative trading regime can be truly advantageous to both the developed and underdeveloped regions of the world: a global trading regime that is capable of increasing GDP in a sustainable manner without transferring a surplus from the poor to the rich nations and without a long-term commitment on the part of the developed nations to altruism.

Author : C.C. v. Weizsäcker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642806469

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Steady State Capital Theory by C.C. v. Weizsäcker Pdf

The following lecture notes were written shortly after I gave a course on capital theory in the winter-semester 1970/71 at the Univer sity of Heidelberg. While the general line of the argument is similar to the one in the course, I have modified and added a large number' of specific points in the process of writing the English version. I should like to emphasize the narrow limitations of the material covered in these notes. I have completely concentrated on steady states of stationary and exponentially growing economies, even up to the point where there is the danger of misleading the reader1 I have done this for several reasons. Other activities have not left me with a sufficient amount of time to be able to find the unifying principle of analysis and mode of presentation for the dynamic aspects of capi tal theory which would have made it worthwhile to add a sizeable book to the large body of literature in this field. On the other hand over the last couple of years I have become increasingly aware that some of the results in steady state capital theory (which could be derived without too much mathematical effort) are of relevance in present day dis cussions about the political role of economic theory and the relative merits of orthodox and radical economics. Also these results seemed not to be known by' mO$ of the participants in these discussions.

Author : B. Horvat
Publisher : Springer
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780333983386

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The Theory of International Trade by B. Horvat Pdf

In a previous book The Theory of Value, Capital and Interest , the systemic theory of value was developed for a closed economy. Now the economy is opened and the same theory is applied to international trade. Both books are intended to provide an alternative theoretical paradigm.