Verb Second

Author : Rebecca Woods,Sam Wolfe
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 979 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198844303

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Rethinking Verb Second by Rebecca Woods,Sam Wolfe Pdf

This volume provides the most exhaustive and comprehensive treatment available of the Verb Second property, which has been a central topic in formal syntax for decades. While Verb Second has traditionally been considered a feature primarily of the Germanic languages, this book shows that it is much more widely attested cross-linguistically than previously thought, and explores the multiple empirical, theoretical, and experimental puzzles that remain in developing an account of the phenomenon. Uniquely, formal theoretical work appears alongside studies of psycholinguistics, language production, and language acquisition. The range of languages investigated is also broader than in previous work: while novel issues are explored through the lens of the more familiar Germanic data, chapters also cover Verb Second effects in languages such as Armenian, Dinka, Tohono O'odham, and in the Celtic, Romance, and Slavonic families. The analyses have wide-ranging consequences for our understanding of the language faculty, and will be of interest to researchers and students from advanced undergraduate level upwards in the fields of syntax, historical linguistics, and language acquisition.

Author : Constantin Freitag
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110725117

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Verb-second as a reconstruction phenomenon by Constantin Freitag Pdf

This investigation of V2-movement addresses the question which role the lexical content of the moved element plays during sentence processing. It draws on original theoretical arguments, empirical data and results from psycholinguistic experiments. The main finding is that the lexical content of the V2-verb is interpreted only at the end of the clause, i.e. at the base position of the finite verb.

Author : Federica Cognola
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027272447

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Syntactic Variation and Verb Second by Federica Cognola Pdf

This monograph investigates the syntax of the finite verb in Mòcheno, a minority language spoken in a German speech island of Northern Italy. Basing her study on detailed new data collected during extensive fieldwork, and focusing on finite verb movement; on multiple access to the left periphery; on pro licensing and on the distribution of OV/VO word orders, the author refutes the traditional view that the syntactic variation found in Mòcheno is due to the presence of two competing grammars as a consequence of contact with Romance varieties and accounts for the peculiarities of Mòcheno syntax within a theory couched in the framework of Generative Grammar. This book contributes to our understanding of the verb-second phenomenon and sheds new light on the asymmetries between Old Romance and Germanic verb-second languages. A useful tool for all linguists working on both theoretical and comparative syntax and to anyone interested in language variation, dialectology and typology.

Author : Sam Wolfe
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780192526823

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Verb Second in Medieval Romance by Sam Wolfe Pdf

This volume provides the first book-length study of the controversial topic of Verb Second and related properties in a range of Medieval Romance varieties. It presents an examination and analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data from Old French, Occitan, Sicilian, Venetian, Spanish, and Sardinian, in order to assess whether these were indeed Verb Second languages. Sam Wolfe argues that V-to-C movement is a point of continuity across all the medieval varieties - unlike in the modern Romance languages - but that there are rich patterns of synchronic and diachronic variation in the medieval period that have not previously been observed and investigated. These include differences in the syntax-pragmatics mapping, the locus of verb movement, the behaviour of clitic pronouns, the syntax of subject positions, matrix/embedded asymmetries, and the null argument properties of the languages in question. The book outlines a detailed formal cartographic analysis of both the attested synchronic patterns and the diachronic evolution of Romance clausal structure. The findings have widespread implications for the understanding of both the key typological property of Verb Second and the development of Latin into the modern Romance languages.

Author : Sten Vikner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1995-04-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780195359251

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Verb Movement and Expletive Subjects in the Germanic Languages by Sten Vikner Pdf

This book is the study of two different kinds of variation across the Germanic languages. One involves the position of the finite verb, and the other the possible positions of the "logical" subject in constructions with expletive (or "dummy") subjects. The book applies the theory of Principles-and-Parameters to the study of comparative syntax. Several languages are considered, including less frequently discussed ones like Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, and Yiddish.

Author : Hubert Haider,Martin Prinzhorn
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-05-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110846072

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Verb Second Phenomena in Germanic Languages by Hubert Haider,Martin Prinzhorn Pdf

Author : Susan M. Rustick
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Germanic languages
ISBN : WISC:89044476059

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Verb Second and Object Shift in Germanic by Susan M. Rustick Pdf

Author : Horst Lohnstein,Antonios Tsiknakis
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781501508042

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Verb Second by Horst Lohnstein,Antonios Tsiknakis Pdf

This book addresses a general phenomenon in the European languages: verb second. The articles provide a comprehensive survey of synchronic vs. diachronic developments in the Germanic and Romance languages. New theoretical insights into the interaction of the properties of verbal mood and syntactic structure building lead to hypotheses about the mutual influence of these systems. The diachronic change in the syntax together with changes in the inflectional system show the interdependence between the syntactic and the inflectional component. The fact that the subjunctive can license verb second in dependent clauses reveals further dependencies between these subsystems of grammar. "Fronting finiteness" furthermore constitutes an instance of a main clause phenomenon. Whether "assertion" or "at-issueness" are encoded through this grammatical process will be a matter in the debates discussed in the book. Moreover, information structure appears to be directly related to the fronting of other constituents in front of the finite verb. Questions concerning the interrelations between these various subcomponents of the grammatical system are investigated.

Author : Barbara S. Vance
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401588430

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Syntactic Change in Medieval French by Barbara S. Vance Pdf

1. 0. V2 AND NULL SUBJECTS IN THE HIS TORY OF FRENCH The prototypical Romance null subject language has certain well known characteristics: verbal inflection is rich, distinguishing six per sonlnumber forms; subject pronouns are generally emphatic; and, when there is no need to emphasize the subject, the pronoun is not expressed at all. Spanish and Italian, for example, fit this description rather weIl. Modem French, however, provides a striking contrast to these lan guages; it does not allow subjects to be missing and, not unexpectedly, it has a verbal agreement system with few overt endings and subject pronouns which are not emphatic. One of the goals of the present work is to examine null subjects in two dialects of Romance that fit neither the Italian nor the French model: later Old French (12th-13th centriries) and MiddIe French (14th- 15th centuries). Old French has null subjects only in contexts where the subject would be postverbal if expressed (cf. Foulet (1928)), and Mid dIe French has null subjects in a wider range of syntactic contexts but does not freely allow a11 persons of the verb to be null. The work of Vanelli, Renzi and Beninca (1985) (along with many other works by these authors individually) shows that a number of other geographically proximate medieval dialects had similar systems, though it appears that there are significant differences in detail among them.

Author : David Lightfoot,Norbert Hornstein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1994-03-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521456614

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Verb Movement by David Lightfoot,Norbert Hornstein Pdf

Work on the movement of phrasal categories has been a central element of syntactic theorising almost since the earliest work on generative grammar. However, work on the movement of lexical elements, heads, has flourished only in recent years, stimulated originally by Chomsky's Empty Category Principle, and later by the work of Travis, Baker and Pollock. Parallel to these theoretical concerns, much attention has been focused on the description of verb-second languages and on the movement operations which place the verb in its 'second' position. This volume represents the latest work in an important field, from some of its leading researchers, and puts forward many ideas about relevant principles and parameters of Universal Grammar. It will have a significant impact on its field.

Author : Cindy L. Vitto
Publisher : Broadview Press
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006-07-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1551117789

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Grammar By Diagram - Second Edition by Cindy L. Vitto Pdf

Grammar by Diagram, second edition is a book designed for anyone who wishes to improve grammatical understanding and skill. Using traditional sentence diagraming as a visual tool, the book explains how to expand simple sentences into compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences, and how to employ verbals (infinitives, gerunds, and participles) and other structures for additional variety. The text addresses the most frequent usage errors by explaining how to distinguish between adjectives and adverbs; how to avoid problems of pronoun case, agreement, and consistency; how to ensure that verbs will agree with their subjects and will be appropriate in terms of tense, aspect, voice, and mood; and how to phrase sentences to avoid errors in parallelism or placement of modifiers. Six appendices incorporate further exercises, a summary of key basics from the text, and supplemental material not included in the body of the text but useful for quick reference. This new edition includes additional exercises and has been revised and updated throughout.

Author : Horst Lohnstein,Antonios Tsiknakis
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781501508141

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Verb Second by Horst Lohnstein,Antonios Tsiknakis Pdf

This book addresses a general phenomenon in the European languages: verb second. The articles provide a comprehensive survey of synchronic vs. diachronic developments in the Germanic and Romance languages. New theoretical insights into the interaction of the properties of verbal mood and syntactic structure building lead to hypotheses about the mutual influence of these systems. The diachronic change in the syntax together with changes in the inflectional system show the interdependence between the syntactic and the inflectional component. The fact that the subjunctive can license verb second in dependent clauses reveals further dependencies between these subsystems of grammar. "Fronting finiteness" furthermore constitutes an instance of a main clause phenomenon. Whether "assertion" or "at-issueness" are encoded through this grammatical process will be a matter in the debates discussed in the book. Moreover, information structure appears to be directly related to the fronting of other constituents in front of the finite verb. Questions concerning the interrelations between these various subcomponents of the grammatical system are investigated.

Author : Nicole Dehé,Ray Jackendoff,Andrew McIntyre,Silke Urban
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-02-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110902341

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Verb-Particle Explorations by Nicole Dehé,Ray Jackendoff,Andrew McIntyre,Silke Urban Pdf

The contributions in this book are a representative cross-section of recent research on verb-particle constructions. The syntactic, semantic, morphological, and psycholinguistic phenomena associated with the constructions in English, Dutch, German, and Swedish are analyzed from the various different theoretical viewpoints.

Author : Dagmar Bittner,Wolfgang U. Dressler,Marianne Kilani-Schoch
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2011-06-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110899832

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Development of Verb Inflection in First Language Acquisition by Dagmar Bittner,Wolfgang U. Dressler,Marianne Kilani-Schoch Pdf

The volume deals with the emergence of verb morphology in children during their second and early third year of life from a cross-linguistic perspective. It covers 15 contributions - each analyzing one single language - based on parallel longitudinal investigations of children with parallel methodology and macrostructure in representation. The main question addressed is: How do children detect morphology and construct first subsystems of verbal inflection? The focus lies on the transition from a premorphological phase to a protomorphological phase. The main proposal consists in the concept of miniparadigms and of their relation to morpho-syntactic developments in early first language acquisition.

Author : J. Meisel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401128032

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The Acquisition of Verb Placement by J. Meisel Pdf

other aspects of developing grammars. And this is, indeed, what the contributions to this volume do. Parameterization of functional categories may, however, be understood in different ways, even if one shares the dual assumptions that substantive elements (verbs, nouns, etc. ) are present in all grammars and that X-bar principles are part of the grammatical knowledge available to the child prior to language-specific learning processes. From these assumptions it follows that the child should, from early on, be able to construct projections on the basis of these elements. The role of functional categories, however, may still be interpreted differently. One possibility, first suggested by Radford (1986, 1990) and by Guilfoyle and Noonan (1988), is that children must discover which functional categories (FC) need to be implemented in the grammar of the language they are acquiring. Another possibility, first explored by Hyams (1986), is that a specific category is present in developing grammars but that parameter values are set in a way deviating from the target adult grammar, corresponding, however, to options realized in other adult systems. A third option would be that these categories might be specified differently in developing as opposed to mature grammars. All three are explored in the papers collected in this volume. Before outlining the various hypotheses in more detail, however, I would like briefly to sketch the grammatical context in which the following debate is situated. 2.