Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309152112

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Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions Pdf

The world's nations are moving toward agreements that will bind us together in an effort to limit future greenhouse gas emissions. With such agreements will come the need for all nations to make accurate estimates of greenhouse gas emissions and to monitor changes over time. In this context, the present book focuses on the greenhouse gases that result from human activities, have long lifetimes in the atmosphere and thus will change global climate for decades to millennia or more, and are currently included in international agreements. The book devotes considerably more space to CO2 than to the other gases because CO2 is the largest single contributor to global climate change and is thus the focus of many mitigation efforts. Only data in the public domain were considered because public access and transparency are necessary to build trust in a climate treaty. The book concludes that each country could estimate fossil-fuel CO2 emissions accurately enough to support monitoring of a climate treaty. However, current methods are not sufficiently accurate to check these self-reported estimates against independent data or to estimate other greenhouse gas emissions. Strategic investments would, within 5 years, improve reporting of emissions by countries and yield a useful capability for independent verification of greenhouse gas emissions reported by countries.

Author : Valentin Bellassen,Nicolas Stephan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 563 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107098480

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Accounting for Carbon by Valentin Bellassen,Nicolas Stephan Pdf

An authoritative overview of the requirements and costs of monitoring, reporting and verifying emissions from industry to regional and national levels.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Business Pub.
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business enterprises
ISBN : 1569735689

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The Greenhouse Gas Protocol by Anonim Pdf

The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Informing Effective Decisions and Actions Related to Climate Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309145947

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Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Informing Effective Decisions and Actions Related to Climate Change Pdf

Global climate change is one of America's most significant long-term policy challenges. Human activity-especially the use of fossil fuels, industrial processes, livestock production, waste disposal, and land use change-is affecting global average temperatures, snow and ice cover, sea-level, ocean acidity, growing seasons and precipitation patterns, ecosystems, and human health. Climate-related decisions are being carried out by almost every agency of the federal government, as well as many state and local government leaders and agencies, businesses and individual citizens. Decision makers must contend with the availability and quality of information, the efficacy of proposed solutions, the unanticipated consequences resulting from decisions, the challenge of implementing chosen actions, and must consider how to sustain the action over time and respond to new information. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change, a volume in the America's Climate Choices series, describes and assesses different activities, products, strategies, and tools for informing decision makers about climate change and helping them plan and execute effective, integrated responses. It discusses who is making decisions (on the local, state, and national levels), who should be providing information to make decisions, and how that information should be provided. It covers all levels of decision making, including international, state, and individual decision making. While most existing research has focused on the physical aspect of climate change, Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change employs theory and case study to describe the efforts undertaken so far, and to guide the development of future decision-making resources. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change offers much-needed guidance to those creating public policy and assists in implementing that policy. The information presented in this book will be invaluable to the research community, especially social scientists studying climate change; practitioners of decision-making assistance, including advocacy organizations, non-profits, and government agencies; and college-level teachers and students.

Author : Mark Liebig,A.J. Franzluebbers,Ronald F Follett
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123868985

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Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases by Mark Liebig,A.J. Franzluebbers,Ronald F Follett Pdf

Global climate change is a natural process that currently appears to be strongly influenced by human activities, which increase atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG). Agriculture contributes about 20% of the world’s global radiation forcing from carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and produces 50% of the methane and 70% of the nitrous oxide of the human-induced emission. Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases synthesizes the wealth of information generated from the GRACEnet (Greenhouse gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network) effort with contributors from a variety of backgrounds, and reports findings with important international applications. Frames responses to challenges associated with climate change within the geographical domain of the U.S., while providing a useful model for researchers in the many parts of the world that possess similar ecoregions Covers not only soil C dynamics but also nitrous oxide and methane flux, filling a void in the existing literature Educates scientists and technical service providers conducting greenhouse gas research, industry, and regulators in their agricultural research by addressing the issues of GHG emissions and ways to reduce these emissions Synthesizes the data from top experts in the world into clear recommendations and expectations for improvements in the agricultural management of global warming potential as an aggregate of GHG emissions

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : UOM:39015090406425

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Monitoring, Measurement, and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Parts I and II by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Pdf

Author : Daniel Hoornweg,Mila Freire,Marcus J. Lee,Perinaz Bhada-Tata,Belinda Yuen
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780821386675

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Cities and Climate Change by Daniel Hoornweg,Mila Freire,Marcus J. Lee,Perinaz Bhada-Tata,Belinda Yuen Pdf

This book provides the latest knowledge and practice in responding to the challenge of climate change in cities. Case studies focus on topics such as New Orleans in the context of a fragile environment, a framework to include poverty in the cities and climate change discussion, and measuring the impact of GHG emissions.

Author : Daniel Lieberman,Matthias Jonas,Zbigniew Nahorski,Sten Nilsson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402059308

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Accounting for Climate Change by Daniel Lieberman,Matthias Jonas,Zbigniew Nahorski,Sten Nilsson Pdf

Uncertainty analysis is a key component of national greenhouse gases inventory analyses. The issues that are raised by the authors in this volume, and the role that uncertainty analysis plays in many of their arguments and/or proposals, highlight the importance of such efforts. Coverage includes: bottom-up versus top-down emission inventory approaches, compliance and verification issues, and the role of uncertainty in emissions trading schemes.

Author : W. Katscher
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : CORNELL:31924074208467

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Greenhouse Gas Verification-- by W. Katscher Pdf

Author : National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 945 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1992-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309043861

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Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming by National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming Pdf

Global warming continues to gain importance on the international agenda and calls for action are heightening. Yet, there is still controversy over what must be done and what is needed to proceed. Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming describes the information necessary to make decisions about global warming resulting from atmospheric releases of radiatively active trace gases. The conclusions and recommendations include some unexpected results. The distinguished authoring committee provides specific advice for U.S. policy and addresses the need for an international response to potential greenhouse warming. It offers a realistic view of gaps in the scientific understanding of greenhouse warming and how much effort and expense might be required to produce definitive answers. The book presents methods for assessing options to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, offset emissions, and assist humans and unmanaged systems of plants and animals to adjust to the consequences of global warming.

Author : Zach Willey
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0822341689

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Harnessing Farms and Forests in the Low-carbon Economy by Zach Willey Pdf

As the United States moves to a low-carbon economy in order to combat global warming, credits for reducing carbon dioxide emissions will increasingly become a commodity that is bought and sold on the open market. Farmers and other landowners can benefit from this new economy by conducting land management practices that help sequester carbon dioxide, creating credits they can sell to industry to "offset" industrial emissions of greenhouse gases. This guide is the first comprehensive technical publication providing direction to landowners for sequestering carbon and information for traders and others who will need to verify the sequestration. It will provide invaluable direction to farmers, foresters, land managers, consultants, brokers, investors, regulators, and others interested in creating consistent, credible greenhouse gas offsets as a tradable commodity in the United States. The guide contains a non-technical section detailing methodologies for scoping of the costs and benefits of a proposed project, quantifying offsets of various sorts under a range of situations and conditions, and verifying and registering the offsets. The technical section provides specific information for quantifying, verifying, and regulating offsets from agricultural and forestry practices. Visit the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions website for audio from the press conference announcing the book. Read the press release announcing the book.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309145886

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Advancing the Science of Climate Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change Pdf

Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Geoengineering Climate: Technical Evaluation and Discussion of Impacts
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309314855

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Climate Intervention by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Geoengineering Climate: Technical Evaluation and Discussion of Impacts Pdf

The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.

Author : Canadian Standards Association,International Organization for Standardization,Standards Council of Canada
Publisher : Mississauga, Ont. : Canadian Standards Association
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Air quality management
ISBN : 1554361559

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Greenhouse Gases [electronic Resource]. Part 3, Specification with Guidance for the Validation and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Assertions by Canadian Standards Association,International Organization for Standardization,Standards Council of Canada Pdf

Author : John Stephenson
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 15 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437913934

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Climate Change Science: High Quality Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data are a Cornerstone of Programs to Address Climate Change by John Stephenson Pdf

Elevated levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the resulting effects on the earth's climate could have significant impacts in the U.S. and internationally. The U.S. Congress is considering proposals to limit greenhouse gas emissions using market-based mechanisms that would place a price on emissions. A greenhouse gas mitigation program requires an understanding of the emissions sources of 6 major greenhouse gases -- carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and several synthetic gases. This testimony focuses on: (1) the importance of quality data on emissions in the context of a program intended to limit greenhouse gas emissions; and (2) key considerations in developing reliable data on greenhouse gas emissions. Illus.