Violence In The Americas

Author : Pablo Policzer
Publisher : Latin American and Caribbean S
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1552389065

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The Politics of Violence in Latin America by Pablo Policzer Pdf

Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world. It has suffered waves of repressive authoritarian rule, organized armed insurgency and civil war, violent protest, and ballooning rates of criminal violence. But is violence hard wired into Latin America? This is a critical reassessment of the ways in which violence in Latin America is addressed and understood. Previous approaches have relied on structural perspectives, attributing the problem of violence to Latin America's colonial past or its conflictual contemporary politics. Bringing together scholars and practitioners, this volume argues that violence is often rooted more in contingent outcomes than in deeply embedded structures. Addressing topics ranging from the root sources of violence in Haiti to kidnapping in Colombia, from the role of property rights in patterns of violence to the challenges of peacebuilding, The Politics of Violence in Latin America is an essential step towards understanding the causes and contexts of violence-and changing the mechanisms that produce it.

Author : Hanna Samir Kassab,Jonathan D. Rosen
Publisher : Security in the Americas in the Twenty-First Century
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Drug traffic
ISBN : 1498567304

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Violence in the Americas by Hanna Samir Kassab,Jonathan D. Rosen Pdf

Many countries throughout Latin America have experienced high levels of corruption, drug trafficking, and violence, which has created elements of fragility. The book is comprises case studies that explore the nature of violence in countries throughout the region. Moreover, it seeks to address some of the ways in which governments have sought to address violence. The cases examined in this volume are quite diverse, illustrating different types of violence as all of the countries in Latin America are not the same. Countries like Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico have high levels of drug trafficking and organized crime. Strategies designed to combat drug trafficking organization, particularly in Colombia, Mexico, and Brazil, and counter-gang strategies in Central America have help foment violence as these various criminal organizations have responded to such government policies. Yet other countries, like Peru and Bolivia, have much lower levels of violence. However, the perception of insecurity is quite high despite the fact that Peru has one of the lower homicide rates in the country. On the other hand, the nature of violence in Bolivia is quite different. This country does not have a homicide rate like El Salvador, but the country has witnessed public lynchings and other forms of violence. This volume is an effort to better understand the major trends in political violence in this particularly violent region.

Author : Richard J. Chacon,Rubén G. Mendoza
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780816540099

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Latin American Indigenous Warfare and Ritual Violence by Richard J. Chacon,Rubén G. Mendoza Pdf

This groundbreaking multidisciplinary book presents significant essays on historical indigenous violence in Latin America from Tierra del Fuego to central Mexico. The collection explores those uniquely human motivations and environmental variables that have led to the native peoples of Latin America engaging in warfare and ritual violence since antiquity. Based on an American Anthropological Association symposium, this book collects twelve contributions from sixteen authors, all of whom are scholars at the forefront of their fields of study. All of the chapters advance our knowledge of the causes, extent, and consequences of indigenous violence—including ritualized violence—in Latin America. Each major historical/cultural group in Latin America is addressed by at least one contributor. Incorporating the results of dozens of years of research, this volume documents evidence of warfare, violent conflict, and human sacrifice from the fifteenth century to the twentieth, including incidents that occurred before European contact. Together the chapters present a convincing argument that warfare and ritual violence have been woven into the fabric of life in Latin America since remote antiquity. For the first time, expert subject-area work on indigenous violence—archaeological, osteological, ethnographic, historical, and forensic—has been assembled in one volume. Much of this work has heretofore been dispersed across various countries and languages. With its collection into one English-language volume, all future writers—regardless of their discipline or point of view—will have a source to consult for further research. CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction Richard J. Chacon and Rubén G. Mendoza 1. Status Rivalry and Warfare in the Development and Collapse of Classic Maya Civilization Matt O’Mansky and Arthur A. Demarest 2. Aztec Militarism and Blood Sacrifice: The Archaeology and Ideology of Ritual Violence Rubén G. Mendoza 3. Territorial Expansion and Primary State Formation in Oaxaca, Mexico Charles S. Spencer 4. Images of Violence in Mesoamerican Mural Art Donald McVicker 5. Circum-Caribbean Chiefly Warfare Elsa M. Redmond 6. Conflict and Conquest in Pre-Hispanic Andean South America: Archaeological Evidence from Northern Coastal Peru John W. Verano 7. The Inti Raymi Festival among the Cotacachi and Otavalo of Highland Ecuador: Blood for the Earth Richard J. Chacon, Yamilette Chacon, and Angel Guandinango 8. Upper Amazonian Warfare Stephen Beckerman and James Yost 9. Complexity and Causality in Tupinambá Warfare William Balée 10. Hunter-Gatherers’ Aboriginal Warfare in Western Chaco Marcela Mendoza 11. The Struggle for Social Life in Fuego-Patagonia Alfredo Prieto and Rodrigo Cárdenas 12. Ethical Considerations and Conclusions Regarding Indigenous Warfare and Ritual Violence in Latin America Richard J. Chacon and Rubén G. Mendoza References About the Contributors Index

Author : Ted Robert Gurr
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1989-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : IND:30000042717326

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Violence in America by Ted Robert Gurr Pdf

An excellent companion to Violence in America: The History of Crime, this volume provides fascinating insight into recently developed theories on the sources of recurring conflict in American society. With their main focus on traumatic issues that have generated group violence and continue to do so, the contributors discuss the most intractable source of social and political conflict in our history--the resistance of Black Americans to their inferior status, and the efforts of White Americans to keep them there. Other intriguing topics include the emergence and decline of political terrorism and the continuation of violent threats from right-wing extremists, such as the Klan, the Order, and the Aryan nations. The basic assumption underlying all interpretations is that group violence grows out of the dynamics of social change and political contention. The idea presented is that the origins, processes, and outcomes of group violence, like the causes and consequences of crime, must be understood and dealt with in their social contexts. This volume is essential reading for students and professionals in history, criminology, victimology, political science, and other related areas. SEE QUOTE W/ VOLUME ONE

Author : Tina Hilgers,Laura Macdonald
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107193178

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Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean by Tina Hilgers,Laura Macdonald Pdf

This volume examines violence across Latin America and the Caribbean to demonstrate the importance of subnational analysis over national aggregates.

Author : Gema Santamaría,David Carey
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9780806158815

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Violence and Crime in Latin America by Gema Santamaría,David Carey Pdf

According to media reports, Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world—a distinction it held throughout the twentieth century. The authors of Violence and Crime in Latin America contend that perceptions and representations of violence and crime directly impact such behaviors, creating profound consequences for the political and social fabric of Latin American nations. Written by distinguished scholars of Latin American history, sociology, anthropology, and political science, the essays in this volume range from Mexico and Argentina to Colombia and Brazil in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, addressing such issues as extralegal violence in Mexico, the myth of indigenous criminality in Guatemala, and governments’ selective blindness to violent crime in Brazil and Jamaica. The authors in this collection examine not only the social construction and political visibility of violence and crime in Latin America, but the justifications for them as well. Analytically and historically, these essays show how Latin American citizens have sanctioned criminal and violent practices and incorporated them into social relations, everyday practices, and institutional settings. At the same time, the authors explore the power struggles that inform distinctions between illegitimate versus legitimate violence. Violence and Crime in Latin America makes a substantive contribution to understanding a key problem facing Latin America today. In its historical depth and ethnographic reach, this original and thought-provoking volume enhances our understanding of crime and violence throughout the Western Hemisphere.

Author : Eduardo Moncada
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2016-01-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804796903

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Cities, Business, and the Politics of Urban Violence in Latin America by Eduardo Moncada Pdf

This book analyzes and explains the ways in which major developing world cities respond to the challenge of urban violence. The study shows how the political projects that cities launch to confront urban violence are shaped by the interaction between urban political economies and patterns of armed territorial control. It introduces business as a pivotal actor in the politics of urban violence, and argues that how business is organized within cities and its linkages to local governments impacts whether or not business supports or subverts state efforts to stem and prevent urban violence. A focus on city mayors finds that the degree to which politicians rely upon clientelism to secure and maintain power influences whether they favor responses to violence that perpetuate or weaken local political exclusion. The book builds a new typology of patterns of armed territorial control within cities, and shows that each poses unique challenges and opportunities for confronting urban violence. The study develops sub-national comparative analyses of puzzling variation in the institutional outcomes of the politics of urban violence across Colombia's three principal cities—Medellin, Cali, and Bogota—and over time within each. The book's main findings contribute to research on violence, crime, citizen security, urban development, and comparative political economy. The analysis demonstrates that the politics of urban violence is a powerful new lens on the broader question of who governs in major developing world cities.

Author : Robert L. Hampton,Pamela Jenkins,Thomas P. Gullotta
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780761900412

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Preventing Violence in America by Robert L. Hampton,Pamela Jenkins,Thomas P. Gullotta Pdf

What can be done to address the problem of violence in society? The contributors to this volume, both scholars and practitioners, examine this question by exploring the history of violence together with theoretical explanations. The book discusses such issues as: the disproportionate presence of violence within North American minority populations; the concept of psychological resiliency; how spirituality may serve as a protective factor; and the role of television in promoting violence. The contributors also address prevention and intervention strategies among gangs of young people, and the implementation of special programmes in schools.

Author : Lesley Gill
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2004-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0822333929

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The School of the Americas by Lesley Gill Pdf

DIVTransnational ethnography and history of the School of the Americas, analyzing the military, peasant, and activist cultures that are linked by this institution. /div

Author : H. Hugo Frühling,Joseph S. Tulchin,Heather Golding
Publisher : Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2003-06-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0801873843

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Crime and Violence in Latin America by H. Hugo Frühling,Joseph S. Tulchin,Heather Golding Pdf

Offers timely discussion by attorneys, government officials, policy analysts, and academics from the United States and Latin America of the responses of the state, civil society, and the international community to threats of violence and crime.

Author : Jonathan D Rosen,Hanna S Kassab
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1498567320

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Violence in the Americas by Jonathan D Rosen,Hanna S Kassab Pdf

Many countries throughout Latin America have experienced high levels of corruption, drug trafficking, and violence, which has created elements of fragility. The book is comprises case studies that explore the nature of violence in countries throughout the region. Moreover, it seeks to address some of the ways in which governments have sought to address violence. The cases examined in this volume are quite diverse, illustrating different types of violence as all of the countries in Latin America are not the same. Countries like Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico have high levels of drug trafficking and organized crime. Strategies designed to combat drug trafficking organization, particularly in Colombia, Mexico, and Brazil, and counter-gang strategies in Central America have help foment violence as these various criminal organizations have responded to such government policies. Yet other countries, like Peru and Bolivia, have much lower levels of violence. However, the perception of insecurity is quite high despite the fact that Peru has one of the lower homicide rates in the country. On the other hand, the nature of violence in Bolivia is quite different. This country does not have a homicide rate like El Salvador, but the country has witnessed public lynchings and other forms of violence. This volume is an effort to better understand the major trends in political violence in this particularly violent region.

Author : Jonathan D. Rosen,Hanna Samir Kassab
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000164336

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Crime, Violence and the State in Latin America by Jonathan D. Rosen,Hanna Samir Kassab Pdf

In this succinct text, Jonathan D. Rosen and Hanna Samir Kassab explore the linkage between weak institutions and government policies designed to combat drug trafficking, organized crime, and violence in Latin America. Using quantitative analysis to examine criminal violence and publicly available survey data from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) to conduct regression analysis, individual case studies on Colombia, Mexico, El Salvador, and Nicaragua highlight the major challenges that governments face and how they have responded to various security issues. Rosen and Kassab later turn their attention to the role of external criminal actors in the region and offer policy recommendations and lessons learned. Questions explored include: What are the major trends in organized crime in this country? How has organized crime evolved over time? Who are the major criminal actors? How has state fragility contributed to organized crime and violence (and vice versa)? What has been the government’s response to drug trafficking and organized crime? Have such policies contributed to violence? Crime, Violence and the State in Latin America is suitable to both undergraduate and graduate courses in criminal justice, international relations, political science, comparative politics, international political economy, organized crime, drug trafficking, and violence.

Author : Hugh Davis Graham,Ted Robert Gurr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Violence
ISBN : UOM:39015007034633

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Violence in America: Historical and Comparative Perspectives by Hugh Davis Graham,Ted Robert Gurr Pdf

Author : Andrew R. Morrison,María Loreto Biehl
Publisher : IDB
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 188693844X

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Too Close to Home by Andrew R. Morrison,María Loreto Biehl Pdf

A collection of essays by international authorities ranging from psychologists and doctors to economists and communication experts. Several authors analyze the economic and health costs imposed by domestic violence, documenting that domestic violence is both a serious public health issue and a severe impediment to economic development. Others examine promising approaches that have been used to combat domestic violence, including community treatment and prevention networks, telephone hotlines, judicial and police reform, anti-violence curricula in primary and secondary schools, street theatre, and creative use of the mass media. The book is based on the 1997 IDB conference, Domestic Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Costs, Programs and Policies.

Author : R. Murray Thomas
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006-10-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780313087776

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Violence in America's Schools by R. Murray Thomas Pdf

The problem of violence in schools has not gone away despite radical reductions in violent crimes throughout the country over the last decade. Students continue to harrass, haze, and harm each other in a variety of ways, disrupting classrooms and whole schools. In the wake of the Columbine massacre, many focused on the worst kind of school violence: deadly assaults with dangerous weapons. But other forms of violence are more persistent, common, and just as destructive in many ways: fighting, sexual abuse, carrying weapons to school, vandalism, and assorted other crimes that happen behind the closed doors of elementary, middle, and high schools across the country. The consequences range from violent victimization and death, to the disruption of learning and fear among student bodies and teaching staffs. Here, Thomas provides a foundation for understanding why the violence occurs, preventing it from happening, and treating both offenders and victims after it happens. Using scores of case descriptions to illustrate the types of school violence and their treatment in recent years, the author skillfully shows readers how the problem of violence and crime in schools is an insidious issue that cannot go untreated. He offers both tested and proposed methods for dealing with a host of violence issues and a guide to planning treatment of the problem and its associated consequences. He answers the questions: What are prominent types of violence in American schools? What conditions contribute to those types of violence? What methods can be applied in an effort to reduce school violence? Readers will come away from this book with a greater understanding of the scope of violence in America's schools, and the myriad ways of addressing it.