Visualizing The Miraculous Visualizing The Sacred Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Visualizing The Miraculous Visualizing The Sacred book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Visualizing the Miraculous, Visualizing the Sacred by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
French historian Robert Ricard postulated a quick and facile evangelization of the native populations of central Mexico. However, evidence shows that native peoples incorporated Catholicism into their religious beliefs on their own terms, and continued to make sacrifices to their traditional deities. In particular the deities of rain (Tlaloc and Dzahui) and the fertility of the soil (Xipe Totec) continued to be important following the conquest and the beginning of the so-called spiritual conquest. This study examines visual evidence of the persistence of traditional religious practices, including embedded pre-hispanic stones placed in churches and convents, and pre-hispanic iconography in what ostensibly were Christian murals.
Author : Robert H. Jackson Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press Page : 208 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2017-07-21 Category : History ISBN : 9780806159300
Frontiers of Evangelization by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
The Spanish crown wanted native peoples in its American territories to be evangelized and, to that end, facilitated the establishment of missions by various Catholic orders. Focusing on the Franciscan missions of the Sierra Gorda in Northern New Spain (Mexico) and the Jesuit missions of Chiquitos in what is now Bolivia, Frontiers of Evangelization takes a comparative approach to understanding the experiences of indigenous populations in missions on the frontiers of Spanish America. Marshaling a wealth of data from sacramental, military, and census records, Robert H. Jackson explores the many factors that influenced the stability of mission settlements, including the indigenous communities’ previous subsistence patterns and family structures, the evangelical techniques of the missionary orders, the social and political organization within the mission communities, and epidemiology in relation to population density and mobility. The two orders, Jackson’s research shows, organized and administered their missions very differently. The Franciscans took a heavy-handed approach and implemented disruptive social policies, while the Jesuits engaged in a comparatively “kinder and gentler” form of colonization. Yet the most critical factor to the missions’ success, Jackson finds, was the indigenous peoples’ existing demographic profile—in particular, their mobility. Nonsedentary populations, like the Pames and Jonaces of the Sierra Gorda, were more prone to demographic collapse once brought into the mission system, whereas sedentary groups, like the Guaraní of Chiquitos, experienced robust growth and greater resistance to disease and natural disaster. Drawing on more than three decades of scholarly work, this analysis of crucial archival material augments our understanding of the role of missions in colonization, and the fate of indigenous peoples in Spanish America.
Communities on a Frontier in Conflict by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
In his historical satirical novel Candide, Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet) presented a fanciful vision of the Jesuit missions established among the Guaraní in parts of what today are Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. Some scholars have characterized the missions as having been a socialist utopia, or an independent republic located on the fringes of Spanish territory in South America. What was the reality? This study presents a detailed analysis of one of the Jesuit missions, Los Santos Mártires del Japón, and the story of the creation of mission communities on a frontier contested by Spain and Portugal during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It documents the historical realities of the Jesuit missions, their patterns of development, and the demographic consequences for the mission populations of military conflict.
Author : William B. Taylor Publisher : Cambridge University Press Page : 681 pages File Size : 42,8 Mb Release : 2016-10-03 Category : History ISBN : 9781107102675
The Bourbon Reforms and the Remaking of Spanish Frontier Missions by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
During the eighteenth century the Spanish Bourbon monarchs attempted to transform Spanish America. This study analyses the efforts to transform frontier missions, and the consequences and particularly demographic consequences for the indigenous peoples that lived on the missions.
The Public Rituals of Life, Death, and Resurrection in Tlayacapan, Morelos (Mexico) by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
A process of social, cultural, and religious change occurred in central Mexico starting in the sixteenth century, following the Spanish conquest. Missionaries from different religious orders attempted to convert the indigenous peoples of central Mexico to Catholicism, and a part of this process involved the imposition of a new ritual cycle on the existing Mesoamerican cycle that governed agriculture and the cosmic order. This study describes the evolution and modern practice of the public ritual of life, death, and resurrection in Tlayacapan, Morelos. Tlayacapan is a community located in northern Morelos that has evolved from being a traditional community of Náhuas to a center of cultural tourism based on its architectural patrimony, artisan tradition, and, particularly, its public ritual. Carnival and the Day of the Dead continue to form a part of the traditional ritual cycle, but have also been used to attract tourism. This study discusses the modern practice of carnival, Holy Week and the Day of the Dead, and the historical origins of these public rituals.
A Visual Catalog of Sixteenth Century Central Mexican Doctrinas by Fernando Esparragoza Amador,Robert H. Jackson Pdf
The Spanish conquest of central Mexico in 1521 set in motion an evangelization campaign to convert the large indigenous populations to Catholicism. Franciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians participated in the first stages of this campaign. The missionaries established doctrinas (missions) in many indigenous communities, and, during the sixteenth century, directed the construction of new sacred complexes, often on the site of pre-Hispanic temples. Many of the convent complexes still survive in various states of conservation. This Visual Catalog offers historical data regarding the convent complexes, as well as an extensive collection of photographs of the surviving buildings, murals, and design elements, and documents the Franciscan doctrinas. In the 1580s, Fray Antonio de Ciudad Real, O.F.M. accompanied the Comisario General Fray Alonso Ponce, O.F.M. on an inspection of the Franciscan installations in central Mexico and Central America. The book reproduces his descriptions of the Franciscan missions, and is accompanied by photographs of the convent complexes. It also documents the Dominican and Augustinian doctrinas, and discusses selected Jesuit colegios and missions in Mexico. The Jesuits first arrived in Mexico in 1572, and did not participate in the first evangelization campaign. They were active in urban missions and education, and also established missions on the far northern frontier of Mexico.
A Visual Catalog of Spanish Frontier Missions, 16th to 19th Centuries by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
From the sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries, the Spanish Crown sponsored missions staffed by members of different Catholic missionary orders to evangelize the indigenous populations, and engage in social engineering in line with royal policy. The missionaries directed the construction of building complexes that included churches, leaving behind an important historical and architectural legacy. This visual catalog documents the surviving complexes on selected missions on the frontiers of Spanish America in what today is Mexico and parts of South America. It also presents basic historical data on the mission communities, including demographic data, and documents damage to early mission buildings by the earthquakes of September 7 and September 19, 2018.
The Routledge Handbook to the Culture and Media of the Americas by Wilfried Raussert,Giselle Liza Anatol,Sebastian Thies,Sarah Corona Berkin,José Carlos Lozano Pdf
Exploring the culture and media of the Americas, this handbook places particular emphasis on collective and intertwined experiences and focuses on the transnational or hemispheric dimensions of cultural flows and geocultural imaginaries that shape the literature, arts, media and other cultural expressions in the Americas. The Routledge Handbook to the Culture and Media of the Americas charts the pervasive, asymmetrical flows of cultural products and capital and their importance in the development of the Americas. The volume offers a comprehensive understanding of how inter-American communication is constituted, framed and structured, and covers the artistic and political dimensions that have shaped literature, art and popular culture in the region. Forty-six chapters cover a range of inter-American key concepts and dynamics, divided into two parts: Literature and Music deals with inter-American entanglements of artistic expressions in the Western Hemisphere, including music, dance, literary genres and developments. Media and Visual Cultures explores the inter-American dimension of media production in the hemisphere, including cinema and television, photography and art, journalism, radio, digital culture and issues such as freedom of expression and intellectual property. This multidisciplinary approach will be of interest to a broad array of academic scholars and students in history, sociology, political science; and cultural, postcolonial, gender, literary, globalization and media studies.
Regional Conflict and Demographic Patterns on the Jesuit Missions among the Guaraní in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
Spain and Portugal contested control over the disputed Rio de la Plata borderlands, and the Guarani populations of the Jesuit missions provided manpower for campaigns. Conflict, however, brought demographic consequences for the mission populations. This study analyzes regional conflict and demographic patterns on the missions.
Pames, Jonaces, and Franciscans in the Sierra Gorda by Robert H. Jackson Pdf
In the mid-sixteenth century, the Spanish faced a prolonged conflict in Mexico known as the Chichimeca War (1550–1600) beyond the porous cultural frontier between the sedentary indigenous populations of central Mexico and the bands of nomadic hunters and gatherers collectively known by the derogatory Náhuatl term “Chichimeca” or “Mecos”. Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian missionaries developed methods and an organizational scheme to evangelize the sedentary populations of central Mexico, but this did not work well beyond the Chichimeca frontier where missions often proved to be ephemeral. Moreover, the missionaries uncovered evidence of the persistence of pre-Hispanic religious beliefs as they also did in central Mexico. In many cases, the missionaries focused their attention on the colonies of sedentary indigenous peoples established beyond the frontier. This study outlines efforts over more than 200 years to evangelize the Pames and Jonaces in a huge territory known as the Sierra Gorda that covered parts of the modern states of Querétaro, Hidalgo, Estado de Mexico, Guanajuato, and San Luis Potosi, and involved Franciscan, Dominican, Augustinian, and Jesuit missionaries. It documents the last missionary impulse spurred by the project of José de Escandón and a new group of Franciscan missionaries to get the Pames and Jonaces to adopt a sedentary lifestyle after two centuries of failed efforts.
?Imagine achieving your ideal weight and not regaining! ?Imagine growing spiritually while transforming your body! ?Imagine connecting with God each time you eat! ?Imagine Holy Eating making this process joyful! ????????????? Imagine achieving your optimal weight and not regaining. Imagine growing spiritually while transforming your body. Imagine connecting with God each time you eat. In Holy Eating: The Spiritual Secret to Eternal Weight Loss, author Dr. Robert M. Schwartz offers a powerful guide for transforming both your physical and spiritual selves. He presents practical strategies, applying wisdom from the Bible and spiritual practices from the Kabbalah to the universal struggle for weight loss. Holy Eating captures a simple, but unique message: God cares about how you eat and wants you to be holy, healthy, and trim. This guide will help you understand and internalize the concept of holy eating so it comes alive with spiritual force. Schwartz leads you through practical steps toward experiencing the ultimate pleasures of holy eating with its benefits of reduced shame and improved fitness, beauty, and health. Holy Eating is a “God-help book” because it relies less on self-focused motivation than on drawing strength and guidance from God. In the battle against obesity, personal power alone is not strong enough for most people to achieve lasting victory, but spiritual inspiration and practices can yield lifelong weight transformation. Praise for Healthy Eating “Holy Eating is a unique approach that involves an overall shift towards a more spiritual life. Taken seriously, this method can yield not only sustained weight control, but also a happier and more purposeful life.”—Rabbi Abraham Twerski, MD, Author of more than sixty books on spirituality and self-improvement
Changing Self-Destructive Habits by Matthew D. Selekman,Mark Beyebach Pdf
For the first time in one volume self-harm, substance abuse, eating-disordered behavior, gambling, and Internet and cyber sex abuse—five crippling, self-destructive behaviors—are given a common conceptual framework to help with therapeutic intervention. Matthew Selekman and Mark Beyebach, two internationally-recognized therapists, know first-hand that therapists see clients who have problems with several of these habits in varying contexts. They maintain an optimistic, positive, solution-focused approach while carefully addressing problems and risks. The difficulties of change, the risk of slips and relapses, and the ups-and-downs of therapeutic processes are widely acknowledged and addressed. Readers will find useful, hands-on therapeutic strategies and techniques that they can use in both individual and conjoint sessions during couple, family, and one-on-one therapy. Detailed case examples provide windows to therapeutic processes and the complexities in these cases. Clinical interventions are put in a wider research context, while research is reviewed and used to extract key implications of empirical findings. This allows for a flexible and open therapeutic approach that therapists can use to integrate techniques and procedures from a variety of approaches and intervention programs.
