Voting Paradoxes And Group Coherence

Author : William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642031076

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Voting Paradoxes and Group Coherence by William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley Pdf

The likelihood of observing Condorcet's Paradox is known to be very low for elections with a small number of candidates if voters’ preferences on candidates reflect any significant degree of a number of different measures of mutual coherence. This reinforces the intuitive notion that strange election outcomes should become less likely as voters’ preferences become more mutually coherent. Similar analysis is used here to indicate that this notion is valid for most, but not all, other voting paradoxes. This study also focuses on the Condorcet Criterion, which states that the pairwise majority rule winner should be chosen as the election winner, if one exists. Representations for the Condorcet Efficiency of the most common voting rules are obtained here as a function of various measures of the degree of mutual coherence of voters’ preferences. An analysis of the Condorcet Efficiency representations that are obtained yields strong support for using Borda Rule.

Author : William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642031080

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Voting Paradoxes and Group Coherence by William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley Pdf

Author : William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley
Publisher : Springer
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319646596

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Elections, Voting Rules and Paradoxical Outcomes by William V. Gehrlein,Dominique Lepelley Pdf

This monograph studies voting procedures based on the probability that paradoxical outcomes like the famous Condorcet Paradox might exist. It is well known that hypothetical examples of many different paradoxical election outcomes can be developed, but this analysis examines factors that are related to the process by which voters form their preferences on candidates that will significantly reduce the likelihood that such voting paradoxes will ever actually be observed. It is found that extreme forms of voting paradoxes should be uncommon events with a small number of candidates. Another consideration is the propensity of common voting rules to elect the Condorcet Winner, which is widely accepted as the best choice as the winner, when it exists. All common voting rules are found to have identifiable scenarios for which they perform well on the basis of this criterion. But, Borda Rule is found to consistently work well at electing the Condorcet Winner, while the other voting rules have scenarios where they work poorly or have a very small likelihood of electing a different candidate than Borda Rule. The conclusions of previous theoretical work are presented in an expository format and they are validated with empirically-based evidence. Practical implications of earlier studies are also developed.

Author : Mostapha Diss,Vincent Merlin
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030485986

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Evaluating Voting Systems with Probability Models by Mostapha Diss,Vincent Merlin Pdf

This book includes up-to-date contributions in the broadly defined area of probabilistic analysis of voting rules and decision mechanisms. Featuring papers from all fields of social choice and game theory, it presents probability arguments to allow readers to gain a better understanding of the properties of decision rules and of the functioning of modern democracies. In particular, it focuses on the legacy of William Gehrlein and Dominique Lepelley, two prominent scholars who have made important contributions to this field over the last fifty years. It covers a range of topics, including (but not limited to) computational and technical aspects of probability approaches, evaluation of the likelihood of voting paradoxes, power indices, empirical evaluations of voting rules, models of voters’ behavior, and strategic voting. The book gathers articles written in honor of Gehrlein and Lepelley along with original works written by the two scholars themselves.

Author : Dan S. Felsenthal,Hannu Nurmi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319740331

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Voting Procedures for Electing a Single Candidate by Dan S. Felsenthal,Hannu Nurmi Pdf

This book deals with 18 voting procedures used or proposed for use in elections resulting in the choice of a single winner. These procedures are evaluated in terms of their ability to avoid paradoxical outcomes. Together with a companion volume by the same authors, Monotonicity Failures Afflicting Procedures for Electing a Single Candidate, published by Springer in 2017, this book aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the most important advantages and disadvantages of procedures thereby assisting decision makers in the choice of a voting procedure that would best suit their purposes.

Author : Dan S. Felsenthal,Moshé Machover
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642204418

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Electoral Systems by Dan S. Felsenthal,Moshé Machover Pdf

Both theoretical and empirical aspects of single- and multi-winner voting procedures are presented in this collection of papers. Starting from a discussion of the underlying principles of democratic representation, the volume includes a description of a great variety of voting procedures. It lists and illustrates their susceptibility to the main voting paradoxes, assesses (under various models of voters' preferences) the probability of paradoxical outcomes, and discusses the relevance of the theoretical results to the choice of voting system.

Author : Sascha Kurz,Nicola Maaser,Alexander Mayer
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031216961

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Advances in Collective Decision Making by Sascha Kurz,Nicola Maaser,Alexander Mayer Pdf

This book presents research on recent developments in collective decision-making. With contributions from leading scholars from a variety of disciplines, it provides an up-to-date overview of applications in social choice theory, welfare economics, and industrial organization. The contributions address, amongst others, topics such as measuring power, the manipulability of collective decisions, and experimental approaches. Applications range from analysis of the complicated institutional rules of the European Union to responsibility-based allocation of cartel damages or the design of webpage rankings. With its interdisciplinary focus, the book seeks to bridge the gap between different disciplinary approaches by pointing to open questions that can only be resolved through collaborative efforts.

Author : Jean-François Laslier,Hervé Moulin,M. Remzi Sanver,William S. Zwicker
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030180508

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The Future of Economic Design by Jean-François Laslier,Hervé Moulin,M. Remzi Sanver,William S. Zwicker Pdf

This collection of essays represents responses by over eighty scholars to an unusual request: give your high level assessment of the field of economic design, as broadly construed. Where do we come from? Where do we go from here? The book editors invited short, informal reflections expressing deeply felt but hard to demonstrate opinions, unsupported speculation, and controversial views of a kind one might not normally risk submitting for review. The contributors – both senior researchers who have shaped the field and promising, younger researchers – responded with a diverse collection of provocative pieces, including: retrospective assessments or surveys of the field; opinion papers; reflections on critical points for the development of the discipline; proposals for the immediate future; "science fiction"; and many more. The readers should have fun reading these unusual pieces – as much as the contributors enjoyed writing them.

Author : Jac C. Heckelman,Nicholas R. Miller
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781783470730

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Handbook of Social Choice and Voting by Jac C. Heckelman,Nicholas R. Miller Pdf

This Handbook provides an overview of interdisciplinary research related to social choice and voting that is intended for a broad audience. Expert contributors from various fields present critical summaries of the existing literature, including intuitive explanations of technical terminology and well-known theorems, suggesting new directions for research.

Author : Ngoc Thanh Nguyen,Ryszard Kowalczyk,Jacek Mercik,Anna Motylska-Kuźma
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-26
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783662622452

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Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence XXXV by Ngoc Thanh Nguyen,Ryszard Kowalczyk,Jacek Mercik,Anna Motylska-Kuźma Pdf

These transactions publish research in computer-based methods of computational collective intelligence (CCI) and their applications in a wide range of fields such as performance optimization in IoT, big data, reliability, privacy, security, service selection, QoS and machine learning. This thirty-fifth issue contains 10 selected papers which present new findings and innovative methodologies as well as discuss issues and challenges in the field of collective intelligence from big data and networking paradigms while addressing security, privacy, reliability and optimality to achieve QoS to the benefit of final users.

Author : Roger D. Congleton,Bernard N. Grofman,Stefan Voigt
Publisher : Oxford Handbooks
Page : 985 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190469733

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The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice by Roger D. Congleton,Bernard N. Grofman,Stefan Voigt Pdf

"This two-volume collection provides a comprehensive overview of the past seventy years of public choice research, written by experts in the fields surveyed. The individual chapters are more than simple surveys, but provide readers with both a sense of the progress made and puzzles that remain. Most are written with upper level undergraduate and graduate students in economics and political science in mind, but many are completely accessible to non-expert readers who are interested in Public Choice research. The two-volume set will be of broad interest to social scientists, policy analysts, and historians"--

Author : Roger D. Congleton,Bernard N. Grofman,Stefan Voigt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190469740

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The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice by Roger D. Congleton,Bernard N. Grofman,Stefan Voigt Pdf

The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice provides a comprehensive overview of the research in economics, political science, law, and sociology that has generated considerable insight into the politics of democratic and authoritarian systems as well as the influence of different institutional frameworks on incentives and outcomes. The result is an improved understanding of public policy, public finance, industrial organization, and macroeconomics as the combination of political and economic analysis shed light on how various interests compete both within a given rules of the games and, at times, to change the rules. These volumes include analytical surveys, syntheses, and general overviews of the many subfields of public choice focusing on interesting, important, and at times contentious issues. Throughout the focus is on enhancing understanding how political and economic systems act and interact, and how they might be improved. Both volumes combine methodological analysis with substantive overviews of key topics. This first volume covers voting and elections; interest group competition and rent seeking, including corruption and various normative approaches to evaluating policies and politics. Throughout both volumes important analytical concepts and tools are discussed, including their application to substantive topics. Readers will gain increased understanding of rational choice and its implications for collective action; various explanations of voting, including economic and expressive; the role of taxation and finance in government dynamics; how trust and persuasion influence political outcomes; and how revolution, coups, and authoritarianism can be explained by the same set of analytical tools as enhance understanding of the various forms of democracy.

Author : Gilbert Faccarello,Heinz D. Kurz
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781785365065

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Handbook on the History of Economic Analysis Volume III by Gilbert Faccarello,Heinz D. Kurz Pdf

This unique troika of Handbooks provides indispensable coverage of the history of economic analysis. Edited by two of the foremost academics in the field, the volumes gather together insightful and original contributions from scholars across the world. The encyclopaedic breadth and scope of the original entries will make these Handbooks an invaluable source of knowledge for all serious students and scholars of the history of economic thought.

Author : André Bächtiger,John S. Dryzek,Jane Mansbridge,Mark E. Warren
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191064562

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The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy by André Bächtiger,John S. Dryzek,Jane Mansbridge,Mark E. Warren Pdf

Deliberative democracy has been one of the main games in contemporary political theory for two decades, growing enormously in size and importance in political science and many other disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy takes stock of deliberative democracy as a research field, in philosophy, in various research programmes in the social sciences and law, and in political practice around the globe. It provides a concise history of deliberative ideals in political thought and discusses their philosophical origins. The Handbook locates deliberation in political systems with different spaces, publics, and venues, including parliaments, courts, governance networks, protests, mini-publics, old and new media, and everyday talk. It engages with practical applications, mapping deliberation as a reform movement and as a device for conflict resolution, documenting the practice and study of deliberative democracy around the world and in global governance.

Author : Andranik Tangian
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1048 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030396916

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Analytical Theory of Democracy by Andranik Tangian Pdf

This book operationalizes the idea of political representation, which is fundamental to modern democracies. Both individual representatives and representative bodies are evaluated using the indices of popularity (the average percentage of the population whose opinion is represented on topical policy issues) and universality (the percentage of issues for which the prevailing public opinion is represented). Viewed as objective functions, these indices can aid in the search for optimal representatives and representative bodies. By replacing the consistency analysis of the social choice axioms with the calculation of the best compromises, the paradoxes of social choice, such as those of Condorcet and Arrow, can be overcome. These indices also form the core of an alternative election method that is aimed at enhancing policy representation — a recent concept of political representation, which is not supported by the conventional voting systems shaped during the American and French Revolutions. This method is tested in a series of election experiments that focus on implementation details. In addition, non-societal applications such as MCDM, finance or traffic control are considered, where the objects that reflect the properties or behavior of other objects are regarded as their “representatives.” Given its scope, the book will appeal to political scientists, economists and operations researchers, as well as to politicians interested in improving democratic performance and electoral system design.