Waste Forms Technology And Performance

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Waste Forms Technology and Performance
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2011-08-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309224970

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Waste Forms Technology and Performance by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Waste Forms Technology and Performance Pdf

The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. Waste Forms Technology and Performance, a report requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. The report provides information to DOE-EM to support improvements in methods for processing waste and selecting and fabricating waste forms. Waste Forms Technology and Performance places particular emphasis on processing technologies for high-level radioactive waste, DOE's most expensive and arguably most difficult cleanup challenge. The report's key messages are presented in ten findings and one recommendation.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-07
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
ISBN : 0309156742

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Waste Forms Technology and Performance by Anonim Pdf

Author : Werner Lutze,Rodney C. Ewing
Publisher : North Holland
Page : 802 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015047830271

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Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future by Werner Lutze,Rodney C. Ewing Pdf

This volume presents a compilation of important information on the full range of radioactive waste forms that have been developed, or at least suggested, for the incorporation of high-level nuclear waste. Many of the results were published in the ''gray literature'' of final reports of national laboratories or in various, generally less available, proceedings volumes. This is the first publication to draw information on nuclear waste forms for high-level wastes together into a single volume. Although borosilicate glass has become the standard waste form, additional research in this compound is still necessary. With improved technology (particularly processing technologies) and with a more detailed knowledge of repository conditions, glasses and second generation waste forms with improved performance properties can be developed. Sustained research programs on nuclear waste form development will yield results that can only add to public confidence and the final, safe disposal of nuclear waste. The aim of this volume is to provide a 'spring board' for these future research efforts. A detailed presentation is given on the properties and performance of non-crystalline waste forms (borosilicate glass, sintered glass, and lead-iron phosphate glass), and crystalline waste forms (Synroc, tailored ceramics, TiO 2 - ceramic matrix, glass-ceramics and FUETAP concrete). A chapter on Novel Waste Forms reviews a number of methods that warrant further development because of their potential superior performance and unique applications. The final chapter includes a tabulated comparison of important waste form properties and an extended discussion on the corrosion process and radiation damage effects for each waste form. Of particular interest is a performance assessment of nuclear waste borosilicate glass and the crystalline ceramic Synroc. This is the first detailed attempt to compare these two important waste forms on the basis of their materials properties. The discussion emphasizes the difficulties in making such a comparison and details the types of data that are required. Each chapter has been written by an expert and includes a current compilation of waste form properties with an extensive list of references. This volume will provide a stimulus for future research as well as useful reference material for scientists working in the field of nuclear waste disposal and materials science.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Mixed Wastes
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1999-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309064316

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The State of Development of Waste Forms for Mixed Wastes by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Mixed Wastes Pdf

Author : Michael I Ojovan
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857090959

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Handbook of Advanced Radioactive Waste Conditioning Technologies by Michael I Ojovan Pdf

Radioactive wastes are generated from a wide range of sources, including the power industry, and medical and scientific research institutions, presenting a range of challenges in dealing with a diverse set of radionuclides of varying concentrations. Conditioning technologies are essential for the encapsulation and immobilisation of these radioactive wastes, forming the initial engineered barrier required for their transportation, storage and disposal. The need to ensure the long term performance of radioactive waste forms is a key driver of the development of advanced conditioning technologies. The Handbook of advanced radioactive waste conditioning technologies provides a comprehensive and systematic reference on the various options available and under development for the treatment and immobilisation of radioactive wastes. The book opens with an introductory chapter on radioactive waste characterisation and selection of conditioning technologies. Part one reviews the main radioactive waste treatment processes and conditioning technologies, including volume reduction techniques such as compaction, incineration and plasma treatment, as well as encapsulation methods such as cementation, calcination and vitrification. This coverage is extended in part two, with in-depth reviews of the development of advanced materials for radioactive waste conditioning, including geopolymers, glass and ceramic matrices for nuclear waste immobilisation, and waste packages and containers for disposal. Finally, part three reviews the long-term performance assessment and knowledge management techniques applicable to both spent nuclear fuels and solid radioactive waste forms. With its distinguished international team of contributors, the Handbook of advanced radioactive waste conditioning technologies is a standard reference for all radioactive waste management professionals, radiochemists, academics and researchers involved in the development of the nuclear fuel cycle. Provides a comprehensive and systematic reference on the various options available and under development for the treatment and immobilisation of radioactive wastes Explores radioactive waste characterisation and selection of conditioning technologies including the development of advanced materials for radioactive waste conditioning Assesses the main radioactive waste treatment processes and conditioning technologies, including volume reduction techniques such as compaction

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Steering Committee on Vitrification of Radioactive Wastes
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1997-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309056823

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Glass as a Waste Form and Vitrification Technology by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Steering Committee on Vitrification of Radioactive Wastes Pdf

Author : Michael I. Ojovan,Neil C. Hyatt
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2020-01-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039218462

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Materials for Nuclear Waste Immobilization by Michael I. Ojovan,Neil C. Hyatt Pdf

The book outlines recent advances in nuclear wasteform materials including glasses, ceramics and cements and spent nuclear fuel. It focuses on durability aspects and contains data on performance of nuclear wasteforms as well as expected behavior in a disposal environment.

Author : Arnold P. Lattefer
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 160456184X

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Nuclear Waste Research by Arnold P. Lattefer Pdf

Radioactive wastes are waste types containing radioactive chemical elements that do not have a practical purpose. They are sometimes the products of a nuclear processes, such as nuclear fission. However, other industries not directly connected to the nuclear industry can produce large quantities of radioactive waste. For instance, over the past 20 years it is estimated that just the oil-producing endeavours of the US have accumulated 8 million tons of radioactive wastes. The majority of radioactive waste is "low-level waste", meaning it has low levels of radioactivity per mass or volume. This type of waste often consists of used protective clothing, which is only slightly contaminated but still dangerous in case of radioactive contamination of a human body through ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or injection. The issue of disposal methods for nuclear waste was one of the most pressing current problems the international nuclear industry faced when trying to establish a long term energy production plan, yet there was hope it could be safely solved. In the U.S., the DOE acknowledged much progress in addressing the waste problems of the industry, and successful remediation of some contaminated sites, yet also major uncertainties and sometimes complications and setbacks in handling the issue properly, cost effectively, and in the projected time frame. In other countries with lower ability or will to maintain environmental integrity the issue would be more problematic. This new book presents the latest research in the field.

Author : William E Lee,Michael I Ojovan,Carol M Jantzen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 912 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857097446

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Radioactive Waste Management and Contaminated Site Clean-Up by William E Lee,Michael I Ojovan,Carol M Jantzen Pdf

Radioactive waste management and contaminated site clean-up reviews radioactive waste management processes, technologies, and international experiences. Part one explores the fundamentals of radioactive waste including sources, characterisation, and processing strategies. International safety standards, risk assessment of radioactive wastes and remediation of contaminated sites and irradiated nuclear fuel management are also reviewed. Part two highlights the current international situation across Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. The experience in Japan, with a specific chapter on Fukushima, is also covered. Finally, part three explores the clean-up of sites contaminated by weapons programmes including the USA and former USSR. Radioactive waste management and contaminated site clean-up is a comprehensive resource for professionals, researchers, scientists and academics in radioactive waste management, governmental and other regulatory bodies and the nuclear power industry. Explores the fundamentals of radioactive waste including sources, characterisation, and processing strategies Reviews international safety standards, risk assessment of radioactive wastes and remediation of contaminated sites and irradiated nuclear fuel management Highlights the current international situation across Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America specifically including a chapter on the experience in Fukushima, Japan

Author : Michael I. Ojovan,W. E. Lee
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0081013639

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An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilization by Michael I. Ojovan,W. E. Lee Pdf

Drawing on the authors extensive experience in the processing and disposal of waste, "An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation," "Second Edition"examines the gamut of nuclear waste issues from the natural level of radionuclides in the environment to geological disposal of waste-forms and their long-term behavior. It covers all-important aspects of processing and immobilization, including nuclear decay, regulations, new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used, especially cement and glass, with further discussion of other matrices such as bitumen. The final chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of immobilizing materials and safety of disposal, providing a full range of the resources needed to understand and correctly immobilize nuclear waste. The fully revised second edition focuses on core technologies and has an integrated approach to immobilization and hazardsEach chapter focuses on a different matrix used in nuclear waste immobilization: cement, bitumen, glass and new materialsKeeps the most important issues surrounding nuclear waste - such as treatment schemes and technologies and disposal - at the forefront"

Author : Michael I Ojovan,William E. Lee
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080993935

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An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation by Michael I Ojovan,William E. Lee Pdf

Drawing on the authors’ extensive experience in the processing and disposal of waste, An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation, Second Edition examines the gamut of nuclear waste issues from the natural level of radionuclides in the environment to geological disposal of waste-forms and their long-term behavior. It covers all-important aspects of processing and immobilization, including nuclear decay, regulations, new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used, especially cement and glass, with further discussion of other matrices such as bitumen. The final chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of immobilizing materials and safety of disposal, providing a full range of the resources needed to understand and correctly immobilize nuclear waste. The fully revised second edition focuses on core technologies and has an integrated approach to immobilization and hazards Each chapter focuses on a different matrix used in nuclear waste immobilization: cement, bitumen, glass and new materials Keeps the most important issues surrounding nuclear waste - such as treatment schemes and technologies and disposal - at the forefront

Author : Chang H. Oh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 792 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001-06-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420036459

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Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook by Chang H. Oh Pdf

Many books have been written on hazardous waste and nuclear waste separately, but none have combined the two subjects into one single-volume resource. Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook covers the technologies, characteristics, and regulation of both hazardous chemical wastes and radioactive wastes. It provides an overview of recent waste technologies. A reference for scientists and engineers, the handbook focuses on waste-related thermal and non-thermal technologies, separation techniques, and stabilization technologies. It includes information on the DOE and DOD waste matrix located at various sites. It reveals current R&D activities in each technology and what improvements can be made in the future. A detailed schematic diagram illustrates each technology so that the process can be explicitly understood. In addition, the handbook covers relative life-cycle cost estimates for treatment systems using various technologies. With contributions from an international panel and extensively peer-reviewed, Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook provides the latest information on waste remediation technologies and related regulations. Often in the field you will encounter more than one type of hazardous waste. This handbook gives you the design information you need to decide which technology to use and how to design the equipment for your particular needs. You can then incorporate appropriate technologies into a mixed waste treatment system.

Author : United States. Department of Energy. Office of Technology Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Environmental policy
ISBN : PSU:000023160736

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Mixed Waste Integrated Program (MWIP) by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Technology Development Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Planning Committee on Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management and Disposition: A Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309456814

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Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management and Disposition by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Planning Committee on Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management and Disposition: A Workshop Pdf

The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE) is responsible for the safe cleanup of sites used for nuclear weapons development and government-sponsored nuclear energy research. Low-level radioactive waste (LLW) is the most volumetrically significant waste stream generated by the DOE cleanup program. LLW is also generated through commercial activities such as nuclear power plant operations and medical treatments. The laws and regulations related to the disposal of LLW in the United States have evolved over time and across agencies and states, resulting in a complex regulatory structure. DOE asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to organize a workshop to discuss approaches for the management and disposition of LLW. Participants explored the key physical, chemical, and radiological characteristics of low-level waste that govern its safe and secure management and disposal in aggregate and in individual waste streams, and how key characteristics of low level waste are incorporated into standards, orders, and regulations that govern the management and disposal of LLW in the United States and in other major waste-producing countries. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : Larry L. Hench
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Hazardous waste sites
ISBN : OCLC:11424853

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Surface Properties and Performance Prediction of Alternative Waste Forms by Larry L. Hench Pdf