Water Relations Of Plants

Author : Paul J Kramer
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323138239

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Water Relations of Plants by Paul J Kramer Pdf

Water Relations of Plants attempts to explain the importance of water through a description of the factors that control the plant water balance and how they affect the physiological processes that determine the quantity and quality of growth. Organized into 13 chapters, this book first discusses the functions and properties of water and the plant cell water relations. Subsequent chapters focus on measurement and control of soil water, as well as growth and functions of root. This book also looks into the water absorption, the ascent of sap, the transpiration, and the water stress and its effects on plant processes and growth. This book will be useful for students, teachers, and investigators in both basic and applied plant science, as well as for botanists, agronomists, foresters, horticulturists, soil scientists, and even laymen with an interest in plant water relations.

Author : Paul J. Kramer,John S. Boyer
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1995-07-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780124250604

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Water Relations of Plants and Soils by Paul J. Kramer,John S. Boyer Pdf

Water Relations of Plants and Soils, successor to the seminal 1983 book by Paul Kramer, covers the entire field of water relations using current concepts and consistent terminology. Emphasis is on the interdependence of processes, including rate of water absorption, rate of transpiration, resistance to water flow into roots, soil factors affecting water availability. New trends in the field, such as the consideration of roots (rather than leaves) as the primary sensors of water stress, are examined in detail. Addresses the role of water in the whole range of plant activities Describes molecular mechanisms of water action in the context of whole plants Synthesizes recent scientific findings Relates current concepts to agriculture and ecology Provides a summary of methods

Author : M.B. Kirkham
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 598 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780124200784

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Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations by M.B. Kirkham Pdf

Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations, 2e describes the principles of water relations within soils, followed by the uptake of water and its subsequent movement throughout and from the plant body. This is presented as a progressive series of physical and biological interrelations, even though each topic is treated in detail on its own. The book also describes equipment used to measure water in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. At the end of each chapter is a biography of a scientist whose principles are discussed in the chapter. In addition to new information on the concept of celestial time, this new edition also includes new chapters on methods to determine sap flow in plants dual-probe heat-pulse technique to monitor water in the root zone. Provides the necessary understanding to address advancing problems in water availability for meeting ecological requirements at local, regional and global scales Covers plant anatomy: an essential component to understanding soil and plant water relations

Author : Arthur M. Jungreis,Thomas K. Hodges,Arnost Kleinzeller
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483273877

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Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals by Arthur M. Jungreis,Thomas K. Hodges,Arnost Kleinzeller Pdf

Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals contains the presentations in a symposium dealing with Water Relations in Membranes in Plants and Animals, during the 27th Annual Fall Meeting of the American Physiological Society held at The University of Pennsylvania, 17-19 August 1976. The purpose of the symposium was to explore the common modes of water regulation in plants and animals. In these proceedings, the mechanisms employed to restrict water flow across plant and metazoan animal cells are described. Putative differences in mechanisms of water regulation retained by plant versus animal cells become inconsequential in the light of the numerous similarities: dependence upon bioelectric potentials maintained across cell membranes, energy dependence of uphill water movement, and solute coupling during water transport. The presentations can be organized into four. The first takes up specific mechanisms of water transport in plants. The second and third parts deal with specific mechanisms in invertebrates and vertebrates, respectively. The fourth part covers generalized mechanisms common to plants and animals.

Author : B. Slavik
Publisher : Springer
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642658342

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Methods of Studying Plant Water Relations by B. Slavik Pdf

To write a handbook of methods is surely to invite criticism, as has already been said several times. On the other hand, there is a great need for methodological manuals in all fields of science. It was therefore decided to compile this book, written in good faith to help scientists, teachers and students who will, it is hoped, use it and judge it good. To be useful to the reader, such a manual must provide a broad review of the methods available and describe them in sufficient detail to permit preliminary selection and judgement. It has to give - at least for selected methods - a suffi ciently detailed description of the equipment and procedure as to be to some extent self-contained. It must assume a critical standpoint as regards the theoretical basis of the methods, the significance of results, and their errors and limitations. It must also furnish examples, pertinent numerical tables, and very complete references. All this and much more is expected of a good manual of methods.

Author : Giuseppe Montanaro
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535105572

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Advances in Selected Plant Physiology Aspects by Giuseppe Montanaro Pdf

The book provides general principles and new insights of some plant physiology aspects covering abiotic stress, plant water relations, mineral nutrition and reproduction. Plant response to reduced water availability and other abiotic stress (e.g. metals) have been analysed through changes in water absorption and transport mechanisms, as well as by molecular and genetic approach. A relatively new aspects of fruit nutrition are presented in order to provide the basis for the improvement of some fruit quality traits. The involvement of hormones, nutritional and proteomic plant profiles together with some structure/function of sexual components have also been addressed. Written by leading scientists from around the world it may serve as source of methods, theories, ideas and tools for students, researchers and experts in that areas of plant physiology.

Author : R. O. Slatyer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015001498222

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Plant-water Relationships by R. O. Slatyer Pdf

Some properties of water and aqueous solutions. Environmental aspects of plant-water relationships. The state of water in soils. Movement of water in soils. Water as a plant component. Water exchanges in plant cells and tissues. Water movement through the plant. Special aspects of transpiration. Development and significance of internal water deficits.

Author : Hans Lambers,F Stuart Chapin III,Thijs L. Pons
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387783413

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Plant Physiological Ecology by Hans Lambers,F Stuart Chapin III,Thijs L. Pons Pdf

Box 9E. 1 Continued FIGURE 2. The C–S–R triangle model (Grime 1979). The strategies at the three corners are C, competiti- winning species; S, stress-tolerating s- cies; R,ruderalspecies. Particular species can engage in any mixture of these three primary strategies, and the m- ture is described by their position within the triangle. comment briefly on some other dimensions that Grime’s (1977) triangle (Fig. 2) (see also Sects. 6. 1 are not yet so well understood. and 6. 3 of Chapter 7 on growth and allocation) is a two-dimensional scheme. A C—S axis (Com- tition-winning species to Stress-tolerating spe- Leaf Economics Spectrum cies) reflects adaptation to favorable vs. unfavorable sites for plant growth, and an R- Five traits that are coordinated across species are axis (Ruderal species) reflects adaptation to leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf life-span, leaf N disturbance. concentration, and potential photosynthesis and dark respiration on a mass basis. In the five-trait Trait-Dimensions space,79%ofallvariation worldwideliesalonga single main axis (Fig. 33 of Chapter 2A on photo- A recent trend in plant strategy thinking has synthesis; Wright et al. 2004). Species with low been trait-dimensions, that is, spectra of varia- LMA tend to have short leaf life-spans, high leaf tion with respect to measurable traits. Compared nutrient concentrations, and high potential rates of mass-based photosynthesis. These species with category schemes, such as Raunkiaer’s, trait occur at the ‘‘quick-return’’ end of the leaf e- dimensions have the merit of capturing cont- nomics spectrum.

Author : Abraham Blum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441974914

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Plant Breeding for Water-Limited Environments by Abraham Blum Pdf

This volume will be the only existing single-authored book offering a science-based breeder’s manual directed at breeding for water-limited environments. Plant breeding is characterized by the need to integrate information from diverse disciplines towards the development and delivery of a product defines as a new cultivar. Conventional breeding draws information from disciplines such as genetics, plant physiology, plant pathology, entomology, food technology and statistics. Plant breeding for water-limited environments and the development of drought resistant crop cultivars is considered as one of the more difficult areas in plant breeding while at the same time it is becoming a very pressing issue. This volume is unique and timely in that it develops realistic solutions and protocols towards the breeding of drought resistant cultivars by integrating knowledge from environmental science, plant physiology, genetics and molecular biology.

Author : Otto L. Lange
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 747 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642681509

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Physiological Plant Ecology II by Otto L. Lange Pdf

O. L. LANGE, P. S. NOBEL, C. B. OSMOND, and H. ZIEGLER In the original series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, plant water relations and photosynthesis were treated separately, and the connection between phenomena was only considered in special chapters. O. STOCKER edited Vol ume III, Pjlanze und Wasser/Water Relations of Plants in 1956, and 4 years later, Volume V, Parts I and 2, Die COrAssimilation/The Assimilation of Carbon Dioxide appeared, edited by A. PIRSON. Until recently, there has also been a tendency to cover these aspects of plant physiology separately in most text books. Without doubt, this separation is justifiable. If one is specifically inter ested, for example in photosynthetic electron transport, in details of photophos phorylation, or in carbon metabolism in the Calvin cycle, it is not necessary to ask how these processes relate to the water relations of the plant. Accordingly, this separate coverage has been maintained in the New Series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. The two volumes devoted exclusively to photosynthesis are Volume 5, Photosynthesis I, edited by A. TREBST and M. AVRON, and Volume 6, Photosynthesis II, edited by M. GIBBS and E. LATZKO. When consider ing carbon assimilation and plant water relations from an ecological point of view, however, we have to recognize that this separation is arbitrary.

Author : U. Lüttge,M.G. Pitman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1976-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 354007452X

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Transport in Plants II by U. Lüttge,M.G. Pitman Pdf

As plant physiology increased steadily in the latter half of the 19th century, problems of absorption and transport of water and of mineral nutrients and problems of the passage of metabolites from one cell to another were investigated, especially in Germany. JUSTUS VON LIEBIG, who was born in Darmstadt in 1803, founded agricultural chemistry and developed the techniques of mineral nutrition in agricul ture during the 70 years of his life. The discovery of plasmolysis by NAGEL! (1851), the investigation of permeability problems of artificial membranes by TRAUBE (1867) and the classical work on osmosis by PFEFFER (1877) laid the foundations for our understanding of soluble substances and osmosis in cell growth and cell mechanisms. Since living membranes were responsible for controlling both water movement and the substances in solution, "permeability" became a major topic for investigation and speculation. The problems then discussed under that heading included passive permeation by diffusion, Donnan equilibrium adjustments, active transport processes and antagonism between ions. In that era, when organelle isolation by differential centrifugation was unknown and the electron microscope had not been invented, the number of cell membranes, their thickness and their composition, were matters for conjecture. The nature of cell surface membranes was deduced with remarkable accuracy from the reactions of cells to substances in solution. In 1895, OVERTON, in U. S. A. , published the hypothesis that membranes were probably lipid in nature because of the greater penetration by substances with higher fat solubility.

Author : Josef Nösberger,S.P. Long,R.J. Norby,M. Stitt,G.R. Hendrey,H. Blum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540312376

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Managed Ecosystems and CO2 by Josef Nösberger,S.P. Long,R.J. Norby,M. Stitt,G.R. Hendrey,H. Blum Pdf

This book provides an up-to-date review of the effects of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on agroecosystems, forests, and grasslands. It summarizes the main findings from 13 experiments with annual crops, permanent pastures and plantation forests at 11 sites throughout the world during the past ten years. The results significantly alter our perception of how rising CO2 will directly affect these managed ecosystems.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080918013

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Stable Isotopes and Plant Carbon-Water Relations by Anonim Pdf

This 33-chapter volume presents a critical examination of the importance of stable isotopes in understanding key plant metabolic processes. Carbon isotope analyses for estimates of plant water use and metabolism Integrated estimates of stress impacts and life history in ecological systems Hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses for evaluating water sources and transpiration Use of stable isotopes in scaling from leaf to global levels Sections include: History and Theoretical Considerations, Ecological Aspects of Carbon Isotope Variation, Agricultural Aspects of Carbon Isotope Variation, Genetics and Isotopic Variation, Water Relations and Isotopic Composition

Author : Jerry D. Eastin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Crop yields
ISBN : LCCN:76394376

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Physiological Aspects of Crop Yield by Jerry D. Eastin Pdf

Author : Park S. Nobel
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 635 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323137614

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Physicochemical and Environmental Plant Physiology by Park S. Nobel Pdf

This text is the successor volume to Biophysical Plant Physiology and Ecology (W.H. Freeman, 1983). The content has been extensively updated based on the growing quantity and quality of plant research, including cell growth and water relations, membrane channels, mechanisms of active transport, and the bioenergetics of chloroplasts and mitochondria. One-third of the figures are new or modified, over 190 new references are incorporated, the appendixes on constants and conversion factors have doubled the number of entries, and the solutions to problems are given for the first time. Many other changes have emanated from the best laboratory for any book, the classroom. · Covers water relations and ion transport for plant cells; diffusion, chemical potential gradients, solute movement in and out of plant cells · Covers interconnection of various energy forms; light, chlorophyll and accessory photosynthesis pigments, ATP and NADPH · Covers forms in which energy and matter enter and leave a plant; energy budget analysis, water vapor and carbon dioxide, water movement from soil to plant to atmosphere