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Discover why Napoleon really lost Waterloo, the campaign that ended it all. This is the inside story of the deceit that brought down an Emperor and an era, and how the fate of the battle was written months before it ever began. This masterful plot has stood hiding in plain sight for two hundred years. No more. Now, for the first time, the suspicions of many of Napoleon's veterans and inner circle are proved by citing the hundreds of documents that only came to light after their deaths. A behind-the-scenes tour of Waterloo like you've never seen before.Presented here in luminous detail, with:* Over 100 pieces of correspondence in both the original French and translated English, many entirely unknown to the English-speaking world, alone making the book an invaluable resource. * English Translations of rarely referenced but key primary sources, conclusively demonstrating that which anti-Napoleon historians have negligently dismissed.* Hundreds of contemporaneously unavailable documents cited.Think you know Waterloo? This is the book that rewrites the campaign.
Waterloo Betrayed: The Secret Treachery That Defeated Napoleon by Stephen M. Beckett Pdf
THIS BOOK HAS BEEN SUPERCEDED See Operations of the Armée du Nord: 1815, The Analysis for the definitive guide of French operations in 1815. Discover why Napoleon really lost the Waterloo Campaign Napoleon was betrayed during 1815 There is no doubt of this. The Traitors admitted as much, and the Allied powers documented their acts. In the immediate aftermath of Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, many French considered treason as the primary cause. But over the next 100 years, a conventional narrative of the campaign coalesced, and acts like Bourmont's defection were downplayed and sanitized to the point of meriting barely a mention in many histories. Since the early 20th century, while the details have improved, the same basic story arc has remained unchanged. At most, treason may have contributed to fragility which some claim manifested at the close of June 18th, 1815. Waterloo Betrayed: The Secret Treachery that Defeated Napoleon presents a new narrative that demonstrates that Napoleon was massively betrayed during the Waterloo campaign and only this treason prevented a decisive victory. The 1815 Campaign in Belgium was not four days long, nor did it begin on June 15th. French military operations began on June 5th, and the planning even earlier. With a detailed analysis that starts at the beginning of the campaign, and focusing heavily on the most thorough collection of French military correspondence ever assembled in a single work, the book demonstrates: - Napoleon's concentration orders were rewritten without authorization, sabotaging his plans, and forcing him to delay the campaign a full day. - Traitors, enabled by the rewritten orders and campaign delays, tipped off the Prussians, allowing them to concentrate 12 hours earlier. This alone enabled the Prussians to give battle at Ligny. - Napoleon went to his death never having learned the actual dispositions of his left wing on June 15th or June 16th - information that was actively withheld. - Napoleon did issue recall orders to Grouchy on June 17th. - Napoleon never said that the battle of Waterloo would be "as easy as breakfast," the most often quoted statement from the campaign, frequently used to justify poor analysis. The book includes over 270 pages of Appendices that provide extensive source citations, including over 100 pieces of correspondence, each in their original French and English translation. Waterloo Betrayed provides the answers to the campaign's most enduring mysteries.
The author of Waterloo: The Truth at Last “sheds new light on the campaign of 1815 and surely will satisfy all with an interest in the Napoleonic Era” (The Napoleonic Historical Society Newsletter). When Napoleon returned to Paris after exile on the Island of Elba, he appealed to the European heads of state to be allowed to rule France in peace. His appeal was rejected and the Emperor of the French knew he would have to fight to keep his throne. In just eight weeks, Napoleon assembled 128,000 soldiers in the French Army of the North and on 15 June moved into Belgium (then a part of the kingdom of the Netherlands). Before the large Russian and Austrian armies could invade France, Napoleon hoped to defeat two coalition armies, an Anglo-Dutch-Belgian-German force under the Duke of Wellington, and a Prussian army led by Prince von Blücher. He nearly succeeded. Paul Dawson’s examination of the troops who fought at Ligny, Quatre-Bras and Waterloo, is based on thousands of pages of French archival documents and translations. With hundreds of photographs of original artifacts, supplemented with scores of lavish color illustrations, and dozens of paintings by the renowned military artist Keith Rocco, Napoleon’s Waterloo Army is the most comprehensive, and extensive, study ever made of the French field army of 1815, and its uniforms, arms and equipment. “Contains many rare and previously unpublished images in the form of full color drawings and photographs of surviving relics. As with the earlier volumes, this book will appeal to and be enjoyed by a wide readership with special interest for historians, military history enthusiasts, Napoleonic War enthusiasts and re-enactors.” —Firetrench
Waterloo: The Campaign of 1815, Volume 1 by John Hussey Pdf
This, the fourth volume in Andrew Field's highly praised study of the Waterloo campaign from the French perspective, depicts in vivid detail the often neglected final phase the rout and retreat of Napoleon's army. The text is based exclusively on French eyewitness accounts which give an inside view of the immediate aftermath of the battle and carry the story through to the army's disbandment in late 1815. Many French officers and soldiers wrote more about the retreat than they did about the catastrophe of Waterloo itself. Their recollections give a fascinating insight to the psyche of the French soldier. They also provide a firsthand record of their experiences and the range of their reactions, from those who deserted the colors and made their way home, to those who continued to serve faithfully when all was lost. Napoleons own flight from Waterloo is an essential part of the narrative, but the main emphasis is on the fate of the beaten French army as it was experienced by eyewitnesses who lived through the last days of the campaign.
The Betrayal of the Duchess by Maurice Samuels Pdf
Fighting to reclaim the French crown for the Bourbons, the duchesse de Berry faces betrayal at the hands of one of her closest advisors in this dramatic history of power and revolution. The year was 1832, a cholera pandemic raged, and the French royal family was in exile, driven out by yet another revolution. From a drafty Scottish castle, the duchesse de Berry -- the mother of the eleven-year-old heir to the throne -- hatched a plot to restore the Bourbon dynasty. For months, she commanded a guerilla army and evaded capture by disguising herself as a man. But soon she was betrayed by her trusted advisor, Simon Deutz, the son of France's Chief Rabbi. The betrayal became a cause célèbre for Bourbon loyalists and ignited a firestorm of hate against France's Jews. By blaming an entire people for the actions of a single man, the duchess's supporters set the terms for the century of antisemitism that followed. Brimming with intrigue and lush detail, The Betrayal of the Duchess is the riveting story of a high-spirited woman, the charming but volatile young man who double-crossed her, and the birth of one of the modern world's most deadly forms of hatred. !--EndFragment--
“For anyone seeking a full understanding of the end of the Napoleonic era this book is a must read . . . [a] tour de force of research.” —Clash of Steel On the morning of 3 July 1815, the French General Rémi Joseph Isidore Exelmans, at the head of a brigade of dragoons, fired the last shots in the defense of Paris until the Franco-Prussian War sixty-five years later. Why did he do so? Traditional stories of 1815 end with Waterloo, that fateful day of 18 June, when Napoleon Bonaparte fought and lost his last battle, abdicating his throne on 22 June. But Waterloo was not the end; it was the beginning of a new and untold story. Seldom studied in French histories and virtually ignored by English writers, the French Army fought on after Waterloo. Many commanders sought to reverse that defeat—at Versailles, Sevres, Rocquencourt, and La Souffel, the last great battle and the last French victory of the Napoleonic Wars. Marshal Grouchy, much maligned, fought his army back to Paris by 29 June, with the Prussians hard on his heels. On 1 July, Vandamme, Exelmans and Marshal Davout began the defense of Paris. Davout took to the field in the north-eastern suburbs of Paris along with regiments of the Imperial Guard and battalions of National Guards. For the first time ever, using the wealth of material held in the French Army archives in Paris, along with eyewitness testimonies from those who were there, Paul Dawson brings alive the bitter and desperate fighting in defense of the French capital. The 100 Days Campaign did not end at Waterloo, it ended under the walls of Paris fifteen days later.
One of the enduring controversies of the Waterloo campaign is the conduct of Marshal Grouchy. Given command of a third of Napoleons army and told to keep the Prussians from joining forces with Wellington, he failed to keep Wellington and Blcher apart with the result that Napoleon was overwhelmed at Waterloo. Grouchy, though, was not defeated. He kept his force together and retreated in good order back to France.Many have accused Grouchy of intentionally holding back his men and not marching to join Napoleon when the sound of the gunfire at Waterloo could clearly be heard, and he has been widely blamed for Napoleons defeat.Now, for the first time, Grouchys conduct during the Waterloo campaign is analyzed in fine detail, drawing principally on French sources not previously available in English. The author, for example, answers questions such as whether key orders did actually exist in 1815 or were they later fabrications to make Grouchy the scapegoat for Napoleons failures? Did General Grard really tell Grouchy to march to the sound of the guns? Why did Grouchy appear to move so slowly when speed was essential?This is a subject which is generally overlooked by British historians, who tend to concentrate on the actions of Wellington and Napoleon, and which French historians choose not to look at too closely for fear that it might reflect badly upon their hero Napoleon.Despite the mass of books written on Waterloo, this is a genuinely unique contribution to this most famous campaign. This book is certain to fuel debate and prompt historians to reconsider the events of June 1815.
Louis Napoleon and his Times: with notices of his writings; a memoir of the Bonaparte family; and a sketch of French history ... With portraits by Henry Walter DE PUY Pdf
The Peddler's Trade is a picaresque, satirical novel based on my five years in West Africa from 1955 to 1960. The central character, through a series of comical accidents, finds himself working for the Spillswell Flour Company while, without knowing it, carrying the credentials of a clandestine agent of the Central Intelligence Agency. He stumbles along the West coast of Africa in the throes of becoming independent as corrupt and incompetent colonial regimes are about to be replaced by equally corrupt and incompetent African governments. Behind the sardonic humor the book dramatizes the tragic chaos about to envelop the region. A chaos which continues in more virulent form today. The feckless central character rides an airline as ludicrous as Don Quixote's Rosinante flown by a drunken, lubricious former Polish fighter pilot while falling in love with the supposed Chanteur Sewing Machine representative, Leila Defesse, who is in reality an agent of the French CIA, the Direction Generale de la Securite Exterieure. The book mirrors the satirical works of Evelyn Waugh in the nineteen thirties, "Scoop" and "Black Mischief" in which Waugh painted a devastatingly prescient portrait of the African disaster looming over the horizon. Still the best two books ever written on the Dark Continent.