Well Founded Belief

Author : J. Adam Carter,Patrick Bondy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-12-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351382434

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Well-Founded Belief by J. Adam Carter,Patrick Bondy Pdf

Epistemological theories of knowledge and justification draw a crucial distinction between one’s simply having good reasons for some belief and one’s actually basing one’s belief on good reasons. While the most natural kind of account of basing is causal in nature—a belief is based on a reason if and only if the belief is properly caused by the reason—there is hardly any widely accepted, counterexample-free account of the basing relation among contemporary epistemologists. Further inquiry into the nature of the basing relation is therefore of paramount importance for epistemology. Without an acceptable account of the basing relation, epistemological theories remain both crucially incomplete and vulnerable to errors that can arise when authors assume an implausible view of what it takes for beliefs to be held on the basis of reasons. Well-Founded Belief brings together 16 essays written by leading epistemologists to explore this important topic in greater detail. The chapters in this collection are divided into two broad categories: (i) the nature of the basing relation; and (ii) basing and its applications. The chapters in the first section are concerned, principally, with positively characterizing the epistemic basing relation and criticizing extant accounts of it, including extant accounts of the relationship between epistemic basing and propositional and doxastic justification. The latter chapters connect epistemic basing with other topics of interest in epistemology as well as ethics, including: epistemic disjunctivism, epistemic injustice, agency, epistemic conservativism, epistemic grounding, epistemic genealogy, practical reasoning, and practical knowledge.

Author : Ernest Sosa,Jaekwon Kim,Jeremy Fantl,Matthew McGrath
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 950 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781405169660

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Epistemology by Ernest Sosa,Jaekwon Kim,Jeremy Fantl,Matthew McGrath Pdf

New and thoroughly updated, Epistemology: An Anthology continues to represent the most comprehensive and authoritative collection of canonical readings in the theory of knowledge. Concentrates on the central topics of the field, such as skepticism and the Pyrrhonian problematic, the definition of knowledge, and the structure of epistemic justification Offers coverage of more specific topics, such as foundationalism vs coherentism, and virtue epistemology Presents wholly new sections on 'Testimony, Memory, and Perception' and 'The Value of Knowledge' Features modified sections on 'The Structure of Knowledge and Justification', 'The Non-Epistemic in Epistemology', and 'The Nature of the Epistemic' Includes many of the most important contributions made in recent decades by several outstanding authors

Author : Philippines
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 626 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Gazettes
ISBN : OSU:32437011502677

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Official Gazette by Philippines Pdf

Author : Susanna Siegel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192517500

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The Rationality of Perception by Susanna Siegel Pdf

On a traditional conception of the human mind, reasoning can be rational or irrational, but perception cannot. Perception is simply a source of new information, and cannot be assessed for rationality or justification. Susanna Siegel argues that this conception is wrong. Drawing on examples involving racism, emotion, self-defense law, and scientific theories, The Rationality of Perception makes the case that perception itself can be rational or irrational. The Rationality of Perception argues that reasoning and perception are often deeply intertwined. When unjustified beliefs, fears, desires, or prejudices influence what we perceive, we face a philosophical problem: is it reasonable to strengthen what one believes, fears, or suspects, on the basis of an experience that was generated, unbeknownst to the perceiver, by those very same beliefs, fears, or suspicions? Siegel argues that it is not reasonable even though it may seem that way to the perceiver. In these cases, a perceptual experience may itself be irrational, because it is brought about by irrational influences. Siegel systematically distinguishes a number of different kinds of influences on perception, and builds a theory of how such influences on perception determine what it's rational or irrational to believe. She uses the main conclusions to analyze perceptual manifestations of racism. This book makes vivid the far-reaching consequences of psychological and cultural influences on perception. Its method shows how analytic philosophy, social psychology, history and politics can be mutually illuminating.

Author : Kevin McCain
Publisher : Springer
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319959931

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Believing in Accordance with the Evidence by Kevin McCain Pdf

This volume explores evidentialism, a major theory of epistemic justification. It contains more than 20 papers that examine its nuances, its challenges, as well as its future directions. Written by leading and up-and-coming epistemologists, the papers cover a wide array of topics related to evidentialism. The contributors present both sides of the theory: some are advocates of evidentialism, while others are critics. This provides readers with a comprehensive, and cutting-edge, understanding of this epistemic theory. Overall, the book is organized into six parts: The Nature of Evidence, Understanding Evidentialism, Problems for Evidentialism, Evidentialism and Social Epistemology, New Directions for Evidentialism, and Explanationist Evidentialism. Readers will find insightful discussion on such issues as the ontology of evidence, phenomenal dogmatism, how experiences yield evidence, the new evil demon problem, probability, norms of credibility, intellectual virtues, wisdom, epistemic justification, and more. This title provides authoritative coverage of evidentialism, from the latest developments to the most recent philosophical criticisms. It will appeal to researchers and graduate students searching for more information on this prominent epistemological theory.

Author : John V. Canfield
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Ethics, Modern
ISBN : 9780415308823

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Philosophy of Meaning, Knowledge and Value in the Twentieth Century by John V. Canfield Pdf

First Published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Andrew Reisner,Asbjørn Steglich-Petersen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139503044

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Reasons for Belief by Andrew Reisner,Asbjørn Steglich-Petersen Pdf

Philosophers have long been concerned about what we know and how we know it. Increasingly, however, a related question has gained prominence in philosophical discussion: what should we believe and why? This volume brings together twelve new essays that address different aspects of this question. The essays examine foundational questions about reasons for belief, and use new research on reasons for belief to address traditional epistemological concerns such as knowledge, justification and perceptually acquired beliefs. This book will be of interest to philosophers working on epistemology, theoretical reason, rationality, perception and ethics. It will also be of interest to cognitive scientists and psychologists who wish to gain deeper insight into normative questions about belief and knowledge.

Author : Eugene Thomas Long,Patrick Horn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2008-02-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402083778

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Ethics of Belief: Essays in Tribute to D.Z. Phillips by Eugene Thomas Long,Patrick Horn Pdf

Eugene Thomas Long Originally published in the International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, Volume 63, Nos 1–3. DOI: 10. 1007/s11153-007-9155-4 © Springer Science+Business Media B. V. 2007 This volume is presented as a tribute to the life and work of D. Z. Phillips. Six of the articles were originally presented at the annual conference on the philosophy of religion organized by Phillips and held at Claremont Graduate University, February 9–10, 2007. Unfortunately, Phillipsdidnotlivetoparticipateintheconferenceitself. HediedunexpectedlyJuly25,2006 in the library of his beloved University of Wales, Swansea. Previously published volumes of essays,basedonconferencesorganizedbyPhillipsinClaremont,includedachapterentitled, “Voices in Discussion,” in which Phillips provided his own reactions to the discussions wr- ten almost immediately after the conference. Sadly, this volume appears without the addition of his voice. Born in Morriston, near Swansea, Phillips was a Welsh speaker, a strong supporter of Welsh speaking schools and the author of many works in philosophy and literature in Welsh and English. Known widely as the leading representative of the movement in the philo- phy of religion called Wittgensteinianism, Phillips spent much of his effort challenging the tendency of philosophers to elevate one kind of discourse to the point where it becomes the norm by which other forms of discourse are to be judged.

Author : Andrew Collier
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0415315220

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On Christian Belief by Andrew Collier Pdf

First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Mark Halstead,Graham Haydon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781444307320

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The Common School and the Comprehensive Ideal by Mark Halstead,Graham Haydon Pdf

A topical and provocative volume that invites consideration of themost fundamental issues concerning future educational provision:what is the purpose of our schools, and what should we do in them? Cutting-edge research by contributors who are leading figuresinternationally in philosophy and education, for whom these issueshave been particular points of concern Includes a substantial keynote essay by leading philosopher ofeducation, Richard Pring, which is the springboard for thecomplementary essays that follow Engages with questions Pring raises under five themes:defending and questioning the comprehensive ideal; common schoolsin multicultural societies; common schools and religion; schoolchoice and the comprehensive ideal; and common schools andinclusion Dedicated to the memory of Terence H. McLaughlin, whosetireless pursuit of the philosophical questions and challengesraised by the common school and the comprehensive ideal is emulatedin these pages

Author : William P. Alston
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0801473322

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Beyond "justification" by William P. Alston Pdf

Much of the writing in Anglo-American epistemology in the twentieth century focused on the conditions for beliefs being "justified." In a book that seeks to shift the ground of debate within theory of knowledge, William P. Alston finds that the century-long search for a correct account of the nature and conditions of epistemic justification misses the point. Alston calls for that search to be suspended and for talk of epistemic justification to cease. He proposes instead an approach to the epistemology of belief that focuses on the evaluation of various "epistemic desiderata" that may be satisfied by beliefs.Alston finds that features of belief that are desirable for the goals of cognition include having an adequate basis, being formed in a reliable way, and coherence within bodies of belief. In Alston's view, a belief's being based on an adequate ground and its being formed in a reliable way, though often treated as competing accounts of justification, are virtually identical. Beyond "Justification" also contains discussions of fundamental questions about the epistemic status of principles and beliefs and appropriate responses to various kinds of skepticism.

Author : J.M. Vickers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401011587

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Belief and Probability by J.M. Vickers Pdf

1. A WORD ABOUT PRESUPPOSITIONS This book is addressed to philosophers, and not necessarily to those philosophers whose interests and competence are largely mathematical or logical in the formal sense. It deals for the most part with problems in the theory of partial judgment. These problems are naturally formulated in numerical and logical terms, and it is often not easy to formulate them precisely otherwise. Indeed, the involvement of arithmetical and logical concepts seems essential to the philosophies of mind and action at just the point where they become concerned with partial judgment and" belief. I have tried throughout to use no mathematics that is not quite elementary, for the most part no more than ordinary arithmetic and algebra. There is some rudimentary and philosophically important employment of limits, but no use is made of integrals or differentials. Mathematical induction is rarely and inessentially employed in the text, but is more frequent and important in the apP'endix on set theory and Boolean algebra. • As far as logic is concerned, the book assumes a fair acquaintance with predicate logic and its techniques. The concepts of compactness and maximal consistency turn out to have important employment, which I have tried to keep self-contained, so that extensive knowledge of meta logical topics is not assumed. In a word, the book presupposes no more logical facility than is customary among working philosophers and graduate students, though it may call for unaccustomed vigor in its application.

Author : Guy Axtell
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781461638544

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Knowledge, Belief, and Character by Guy Axtell Pdf

There have been many books over the past decade, including outstanding collections of essays, on the topic of the ethical virtues and virtue-theoretic approaches in ethics. But the professional journals of philosophy have only recently seen a strong and growing interest in the intellectual virtues and in the development of virtue-theoretic approaches in epistemology. There have been four single-authored book length treatments of issues of virtue epistemology over the last seven years, beginning with Ernest Sosa's Knowledge in Perspective (Cambridge, 1991), and extending to Linda Zabzebski's Virtue of the Mind (Cambridge, 1996). Weighing in with Jonathan Kvanvig's The Intellectual Virtues and the Life of the Mind (1992), and James Montmarquet's Epistemic Virtue and Doxastic Responsibility (1993), Rowman & Littlefield has had a particularly strong interest in the direction and growth of the field. To date, there has been no collection of articles directly devoted to the growing debate over the possibility and potential of a virtue epistemology. This volume exists in the belief that there is now a timely opportunity to gather together the best contributions of the influential authors working in this growing area of epistemological research, and to create a collection of essays as a useful course text and research source. Several of the articles included in the volume are previously unpublished. Several essays discuss the range and general approach of virtue theory in comparison with other general accounts. What advantages are supposed to accrue from a virtue-based account in epistemology, in handling well-known problems such as "Gettier," and "Evil-Genie"-type problems? Can reliabilist virtue epistemology handle skeptical challenges more satisfactorily than non-virtue-centered forms of epistemic reliabilism? Others provide a needed discussion of relevant analogies and disanalogies between ethical and epistemic evaluation. The readings all contribute

Author : Hamid Vahid
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000179026

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The Dispositional Architecture of Epistemic Reasons by Hamid Vahid Pdf

This book is concerned with the conditions under which epistemic reasons provide justification for beliefs. The author draws on metaethical theories of reasons and normativity and then applies his theory to various contemporary debates in epistemology. In the first part of the book, the author outlines what he calls the dispositional architecture of epistemic reasons. The author offers and defends a dispositional account of how propositional and doxastic justification are related to one another. He then argues that the dispositional view has the resources to provide an acceptable account of the notion of the basing relation. In the second part of the book, the author examines how his theory of epistemic reasons bears on the issues involving perceptual reasons. He defends dogmatism about perceptual justification against conservatism and shows how his dispositional framework illuminates certain claims of dogmatism and its adherence to justification internalism. Finally, the author applies his dispositional framework to epistemological topics including the structure of defeat, self-knowledge, reasoning, emotions and motivational internalism. The Dispositional Architecture of Epistemic Reasons demonstrates the value of employing metaethical considerations for the justification of beliefs and propositions. It will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in epistemology and metaethics.

Author : P. Weingartner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401108041

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Scientific and Religious Belief by P. Weingartner Pdf

This book provides new insights into the interrelation between scientific and religious belief. The chapters cover important features of belief in general and discuss distinctive properties between belief, knowledge and acceptance. These properties are considered in relation and comparison to religious belief. Among the contributions are topics such as: the change of scientific belief in relation to the change of our information. Is belief value-free? What are rational reasons (for the justification) of religious hypotheses? What are the important similarities and differences between scientific and religious belief? The different features and aspects are discussed in respect to the great religions of mankind. In addition to the research papers the book contains selections of the discussion which help to clarify interesting details. The book will be of interest to a vast readership among philosophers, theologians and people interested in philosophical questions concerning religion.