When Is Discrimination Wrong

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When Is Discrimination Wrong?

Author : Deborah Hellman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780674060296

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When Is Discrimination Wrong? by Deborah Hellman Pdf

A law requires black bus passengers to sit in the back of the bus. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves a drug for use by black heart failure patients. A state refuses to license drivers under age 16. A company avoids hiring women between the ages of 20 and 40. We routinely draw distinctions among people on the basis of characteristics that they possess or lack. While some distinctions are benign, many are morally troubling. In this boldly conceived book, Deborah Hellman develops a much-needed general theory of discrimination. She demonstrates that many familiar ideas about when discrimination is wrongÑwhen it is motivated by prejudice, grounded in stereotypes, or simply departs from merit-based decision-makingÑwonÕt adequately explain our widely shared intuitions. Hellman argues that, in the end, distinguishing among people on the basis of traits is wrong when it demeans any of the people affected. She deftly explores the question of how we determine what is in fact demeaning. Claims of wrongful discrimination are among the most common moral claims asserted in public and private life. Yet the roots of these claims are often left unanalyzed. When Is Discrimination Wrong? explores what it means to treat people as equals and thus takes up a central problem of democracy.

Faces of Inequality

Author : Sophia Moreau
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780190927301

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Faces of Inequality by Sophia Moreau Pdf

This book defends an original and pluralist theory of when and why discrimination wrongs people. Starting from actual legal cases in which claimants have alleged wrongful discrimination by other people or by the state, Sophia Moreau argues that we can best understand these people's complaints by thinking of them as complaints about different ways in which they have not been treated as equals in their societies--in particular, through unfair subordination, through the violation of their right to a particular deliberative freedom, or through the denial to them of access to a basic good, that is, a good that this person must have access to if they are to be, and to be seen as, an equal in their society. The book devotes a chapter to each of these wrongs, exploring in detail what unfair subordination consists of; what deliberative freedoms are, and when each of us has a right to them; and what it means to deny someone access to a basic good. The author explains why these wrongs are each distinctive, but are each a different way of failing to treat some people as the equals of others. Finally the author argues that both the state and we as individuals have a duty to treat others as equals, in these three specific senses.

Born Free and Equal?

Author : Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199796113

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Born Free and Equal? by Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen Pdf

This text addresses these three issues: What is discrimination? What makes it wrong?; What should be done about wrongful discrimination? It argues that there are different concepts of discrimination; that discrimination is not always morally wrong and that when it is, it is so primarily because of its harmful effects.

Philosophical Foundations of Discrimination Law

Author : Deborah Hellman,Sophia Moreau
Publisher : Philosophical Foundations of L
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199664313

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Philosophical Foundations of Discrimination Law by Deborah Hellman,Sophia Moreau Pdf

Exploring the philosophical foundations of discrimination law as it exists in several jurisdictions, this collection of all new essays bridges the gap between abstract philosophical work on justice and fairness and legal work on specific types of discrimination.

Discrimination and Disrespect

Author : Benjamin Eidelson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191047077

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Discrimination and Disrespect by Benjamin Eidelson Pdf

Everyone agrees that discrimination can be a grave moral wrong. Yet this consensus masks fundamental disagreements about what makes something an act of discrimination, as well as precisely why (and hence when) such acts are wrong. In Discrimination and Disrespect, Benjamin Eidelson develops illuminating philosophical answers to these two questions. Discrimination is intrinsically wrong, Eidelson argues, when it manifests disrespect for the personhood of those it disfavours. He offers an original account of what such disrespect amounts to, explaining how attention to two different facets of moral personhood — equality and autonomy — ought to guide our judgments about wrongful discrimination. At the same time, however, Eidelson contends that many forms of discrimination are morally impeachable only on account of their contingent effects. The book concludes with a discussion of the moral arguments against racial profiling — a practice that exemplifies how controversial forms of discrimination can be morally wrong without being intrinsically so.

The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination

Author : Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1020 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317400752

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The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination by Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen Pdf

While it has many connections to other topics in normative and applied ethics, discrimination is a central subject in philosophy in its own right. It plays a significant role in relation to many real-life complaints about unjust treatment or unjust inequalities, and it raises a number of questions in political and moral philosophy, and in legal theory. Some of these questions include: what distinguishes the concept of discrimination from the concept of differential treatment? What distinguishes direct from indirect discrimination? Is discrimination always morally wrong? What makes discrimination wrong? How should we eliminate the effects of discrimination? By covering a wide range of topics, and by doing so in a way that does not assume prior acquaintance, this handbook enables the reader to get to grips with the omnipresent issue. The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination is an outstanding reference source to this exciting subject and the first collection of its kind. Comprising over thirty chapters by a team of international contributors the handbook is divided into six main parts: • conceptual issues • the wrongness of discrimination • groups of ‘discriminatees’ • sites of discrimination • causes and means • history of discrimination. Essential reading for students and researchers in applied ethics and political philosophy the handbook will also be very useful for those in related fields, such as law, sociology and politics.

Discrimination and Disrespect

Author : Benjamin Eidelson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Discrimination
ISBN : 0191796891

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Discrimination and Disrespect by Benjamin Eidelson Pdf

What makes something discrimination, and why (and when) are acts of discrimination wrong? Benjamin Eidelson develops systematic answers to these two questions. He argues that what makes some cases of discrimination intrinsically wrongful is that they manifest an attitude of disrespect for the personhood of those who are disfavoured.

How Rights Went Wrong

Author : Jamal Greene
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781328518118

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How Rights Went Wrong by Jamal Greene Pdf

An eminent constitutional scholar reveals how our approach to rights is dividing America, and shows how we can build a better system of justice.

White Fragility

Author : Dr. Robin DiAngelo
Publisher : Beacon Press
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807047422

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White Fragility by Dr. Robin DiAngelo Pdf

The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their assumptions about race are challenged, and how these reactions maintain racial inequality. In this “vital, necessary, and beautiful book” (Michael Eric Dyson), antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility and “allows us to understand racism as a practice not restricted to ‘bad people’ (Claudia Rankine). Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.

A Pluralist Theory of Age Discrimination

Author : Stuart Goosey
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781509933785

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A Pluralist Theory of Age Discrimination by Stuart Goosey Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive theory of age discrimination that can guide the direct and indirect age discrimination provisions of the Equality Act 2010. The Act holds that unequal treatment on the grounds of age and measures that are on their face age-neutral but have the effect of disadvantaging particular age groups are lawful only if the treatment can be shown either to be a 'proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim' or if the treatment fits into a specifically prescribed exception. In this way, the proportionality test distinguishes justified and unjustified age-differential treatment with only the former legally permissible. This book outlines and defends a pluralist theory of age discrimination that assists in making the distinction between justified and unjustified age-differential treatment. The theory identifies the principles that explain when and why age-differential treatment wrongs people and the principles that can justify this treatment. It is a pluralist theory because it recognises that age-differential treatment can wrong people for a number of different, overlapping reasons, and these different reasons should inform how we apply age discrimination law. The pluralist approach to age discrimination theory can improve legal reasoning in age discrimination cases by articulating the relevant principles and competing interests that are at stake in age discrimination claims. In constructing the theory, the book adopts the reflective equilibrium method. This requires that we examine our initial moral beliefs about age discrimination by seeking coherence with beliefs we have about similar moral and philosophical issues and revising the initial beliefs as a result of challenges to them. In applying this method, the book identifies the following five principles to form a pluralist theory of age discrimination: equality of opportunity, social equality, respect, autonomy and efficiency.

Why I’m No Longer Talking to White People About Race

Author : Reni Eddo-Lodge
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781526633927

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Why I’m No Longer Talking to White People About Race by Reni Eddo-Lodge Pdf

'Every voice raised against racism chips away at its power. We can't afford to stay silent. This book is an attempt to speak' The book that sparked a national conversation. Exploring everything from eradicated black history to the inextricable link between class and race, Why I'm No Longer Talking to White People About Race is the essential handbook for anyone who wants to understand race relations in Britain today. THE NO.1 SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER WINNER OF THE BRITISH BOOK AWARDS NON-FICTION NARRATIVE BOOK OF THE YEAR 2018 FOYLES NON-FICTION BOOK OF THE YEAR BLACKWELL'S NON-FICTION BOOK OF THE YEAR WINNER OF THE JHALAK PRIZE LONGLISTED FOR THE BAILLIE GIFFORD PRIZE FOR NON-FICTION LONGLISTED FOR THE ORWELL PRIZE SHORTLISTED FOR A BOOKS ARE MY BAG READERS AWARD

Normal Life

Author : Dean Spade
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780822374794

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Normal Life by Dean Spade Pdf

Revised and Expanded Edition Wait—what's wrong with rights? It is usually assumed that trans and gender nonconforming people should follow the civil rights and "equality" strategies of lesbian and gay rights organizations by agitating for legal reforms that would ostensibly guarantee nondiscrimination and equal protection under the law. This approach assumes that the best way to address the poverty and criminalization that plague trans populations is to gain legal recognition and inclusion in the state's institutions. But is this strategy effective? In Normal Life Dean Spade presents revelatory critiques of the legal equality framework for social change, and points to examples of transformative grassroots trans activism that is raising demands that go beyond traditional civil rights reforms. Spade explodes assumptions about what legal rights can do for marginalized populations, and describes transformative resistance processes and formations that address the root causes of harm and violence. In the new afterword to this revised and expanded edition, Spade notes the rapid mainstreaming of trans politics and finds that his predictions that gaining legal recognition will fail to benefit trans populations are coming to fruition. Spade examines recent efforts by the Obama administration and trans equality advocates to "pinkwash" state violence by articulating the US military and prison systems as sites for trans inclusion reforms. In the context of recent increased mainstream visibility of trans people and trans politics, Spade continues to advocate for the dismantling of systems of state violence that shorten the lives of trans people. Now more than ever, Normal Life is an urgent call for justice and trans liberation, and the radical transformations it will require.

Immigration and Discrimination

Author : Sahar Akhtar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198898696

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Immigration and Discrimination by Sahar Akhtar Pdf

Immigration and Discrimination explores what bases states are morally permitted to use for their admission decisions and policies, and why. Sahar Akhtar argues that the idea of wrongful discrimination can be applied to states' admission decisions, and what this means in terms of states' rights with regard to immigration.

How to Be a (Young) Antiracist

Author : Ibram X. Kendi,Nic Stone
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-31
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780593461624

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How to Be a (Young) Antiracist by Ibram X. Kendi,Nic Stone Pdf

The #1 New York Times bestseller that sparked international dialogue is now a book for young adults! Based on the adult bestseller by Ibram X. Kendi, and co-authored by bestselling author Nic Stone, How to be a (Young) Antiracist will serve as a guide for teens seeking a way forward in acknowledging, identifying, and dismantling racism and injustice. The New York Times bestseller How to be an Antiracist by Ibram X. Kendi is shaping the way a generation thinks about race and racism. How to be a (Young) Antiracist is a dynamic reframing of the concepts shared in the adult book, with young adulthood front and center. Aimed at readers 12 and up, and co-authored by award-winning children's book author Nic Stone, How to be a (Young) Antiracist empowers teen readers to help create a more just society. Antiracism is a journey--and now young adults will have a map to carve their own path. Kendi and Stone have revised this work to provide anecdotes and data that speaks directly to the experiences and concerns of younger readers, encouraging them to think critically and build a more equitable world in doing so.

What's Wrong with Lookism?

Author : Andrew Mason
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Appearance (Philosophy)
ISBN : 019267594X

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What's Wrong with Lookism? by Andrew Mason Pdf

People are treated differently as a result of their looks. But when is appearance discrimination, or 'lookism' as it is often called, morally objectionable? This issue is important for at least two reasons. First, the benefits that flow to people who are regarded as visually attractive are sizeable and are enjoyed in a number of contexts, including employment, personal relationships, education, politics, and the criminal justice system. Second, appearance discrimination is of moral interest not only in its own right, but also in terms of its connection to other forms of discrimination. Appearance norms, that is, norms concerning how we should look, often place greater burdens on disadvantaged groups. As a result, discrimination on the basis of appearance, when it rewards people who conform to these norms, may involve, or interact with, the effects of, wrongful discrimination on the basis of features other than appearance, in a way that aggravates existing injustices. This book examines the morality of appearance discrimination in three contexts: employment decisions; the choice of friends or romantic partners; and the everyday practice of judging and commenting upon people's looks. It develops a pluralist theory of what makes discrimination wrong that identifies three wrong-making features, namely, disrespect, deliberative unfairness, and contributing to unjust consequences, and demonstrates how the presence of one or more of these features in each of these contexts problematises the lookism that takes place in it.