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Author : Alessandro Nicita
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 57 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Bienestar economico
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Alessandro Nicita
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931678310
This study performs an ex-post analysis of the effects of the trade liberalization in Mexico between 1989 and 2000, taking into account regional differences in the Mexican economy. The effects of trade liberalization are first translated into changes in regional prices and wages. Those estimates are plugged into a farm-household model to estimate the effect on households' welfare. The findings suggest that trade liberalization has affected domestic prices and labor income differently both across income groups and geographically across the country, hence producing diverse outcomes on different households. Regarding prices, the results indicate that trade liberalization has lowered relative prices of most non-animal agricultural products and, while reducing the cost of consumption, has reduced households' agricultural income, widening the income gap between urban and rural areas. The findings also show that trade liberalization has had diverse effects on wage rates. Skilled workers, for which trade liberalization has produced an increase in wages, have benefited relative to unskilled workers. Wages of unskilled workers have in many regions decreased as a result of trade liberalization. Similar differences are found in the geographic distribution of the benefits of trade liberalization, with the states closest to the U. S. border gaining threefold more relative to the least developed states in the south. Therefore trade liberalization, although beneficial, has contributed to an increase in inequality between the south and the north of the country, urban and rural areas, and skilled and unskilled labor. From a poverty perspective, the trade liberalization that occurred between 1989 and 2000 has had the direct effect of reducing poverty by about 3 percent, therefore lifting approximately 3 million individuals out of poverty.
Author : M. Angeles Villarreal
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781437932829
Mexico has a population of about 111 million people, making it the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.; (II) U.S.-Mexico Econ. Trends: Mexico-U.S. Bilateral Foreign Direct Invest.; Mexico¿s Export-Oriented Assembly Plants; Worker Remittances to Mexico; Security and Prosperity Partnership of N. Amer.; (3) The Mexican Economy: Economic Reforms; Effects of the Global Financial Crisis; Poverty; Regional Free Trade Agree.; (4) NAFTA and the U.S.-Mexico Econ. Relationship; (5) U.S.-Mexico Trade Relations: Trucking Issue: Truck Pilot Program; Mexico¿s Retaliatory Tariffs; Other Trade Issues; (6) Policy Issues. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand publication.
Author : Siegfried Marks,University of Miami. North-South Center
Publisher : [Coral Gables, Flor.] : North-South Center, University of Miami
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Free trade
ISBN : UCSD:31822006884548
Author : Strom C. Thacker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2000-10-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521781688
This book explains trade policy coalition politics and the opening of Mexico's economy.
Author : Karl-Guenther Illing
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2004-04-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783638269964
Diploma Thesis from the year 2004 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: 1,3 (A), European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Economic Policy and Political Economy), language: English, abstract: In January 1994, after two and a half years of negotiation, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into force. The treaty between Canada, Mexico and the United States has created the largest economic area in the world, slightly surpassing the European Union in market size. But NAFTA is also outstanding in a second aspect: it has constituted the first major regional integration arrangement between two highly developed countries, the United States and Canada, and a developing country, Mexico. The North-South nature of North American integration has polarized the debate about NAFTA from the earliest stage on. On the one hand it was unclear how much the U.S. would gain from the agreement. Would it stabilize its southern neighbor and thus benefit the U.S. economically and politically? Or would it cause the “giant sucking sound” Ross Perot feared, drawing thousands of jobs from the U.S. over the border (Thorbecke/Eigen-Zucchi 2002, p. 648)? Regarding these concerns, Canada was at most a side-player, possessing neither intense trade relations nor geographical proximity to Mexico. Mexico’s gains from NAFTA, on the other hand, seemed even more unsure. The agreement’s effects on the southern member state, whether positive or negative, were expected to be unequally greater than on the U.S. On the one hand, it seemed, Mexico could gain immensely through improved access to the North American market, increasing trade, attracting foreign investment, and importing growth and stability. On the other hand, some trade economists, such as Arvind Panagaria (1996, pp. 512-513) warned that Mexico could only lose when opening its market to its powerful northern neighbors, while receiving little in return that it would not have obtained anyway. Furthermore, would Mexico’s move towards regional integration hamper any further step into the direction of multilateral opening, after promising reforms had been started in the mid-1980s? Concerns also regarded the adverse effects of NAFTA within Mexico. These centered around large adjustment costs from sectoral restructuring and resource reallocation. This would occur if inefficient, partly subsidized Mexican industries declined after removing tariffs and non-tariff barriers, allowing the North American competition to enter the national market. In addition, would this hit mostly those Mexican regions that were poor anyway?
Author : Diana Alarcón González
Publisher : Colegio de La Frontera Norte
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Distribution (Economic theory)
ISBN : UCSD:31822021061536
"Study examines trends in income distribution in Mexico during the period of trade and economic liberalization. Makes the obvious but often ignored point that the prediction of orthodox theory can turn out to be false if its assumptions are not fulfilled and if offsetting forces are at work. The study's detailed analysis of the effective protection rates in 1989 shows how inadequate reforms have been as far as the promotion of efficient resource allocation"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.
Author : Ronald J. Wonnacott,Canadian-American Committee,C.D. Howe Institute,National Planning Association
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822008012601
This study examines the complex issue of trade liberalization in the Americas, and poses the questions: Where do we want to go and how do we get there? It examines the economics of a hub-and-spoke system versus an expanding FTA, and patterns of existing trade in the hemisphere.
Author : Adrián de León-Arias,Patricio Aroca
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811631689
In this book, the dynamics of continuity and change in the regional economic development of Mexico and the US border states are analyzed. These studies cover the last 25 years, after the first trade agreement, between a developed and a developing country, tooks place, and where international trade and investment have been combined with a set of relevant local factors such as regional innovation, industrialization patterns, multinational corporations’ modes of operation, public investment, and national content of exports. The book offers researchers a precise identification of stylized facts that characterize the pattern of regional development in Mexico and the US Southwest as well as state-of-the-art applications contrasting hypotheses from new economic geography, endogenous and neo-Schumpeterian economic growth models, and new international trade. To graduate and advanced undergraduate students in the fields of spatial geographic economics, this book offers an excellent source for its updated review of current topics on regional development in Mexico. To policy makers, the book helps to identify policy areas to reinforce the dynamics of regional development. Whereas other books have looked at the several impacts of NAFTA on national economies, productive sectors, and societies, this book analyzes the trade agreement’s impact with a long-term view across the diversity of developments of Mexico ́s regions. As well, the analysis is carried out with the perspective of prospective reforms of a renovated trade agreement between the United States and the new Mexican federal administration . The collaborators in this book are researchers who are experts at the international and national levels in the field of regional economic development. During the last 25 years they have conducted their analyses in different regions of Mexico and the United States as university researchers, advisors to state and federal governments, and as practitioners.
Author : Juan Carlos Moreno-Brid,Jaime Ros
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2009-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 0199707855
This book is the first comprehensive and systematic English-language treatment of Mexico's economic history to appear in nearly forty years. Drawing on several years of in-depth research, Juan Carlos Moreno-Brid and Jaime Ros, two of the foremost experts on the Mexican economy, examine Mexico's current development policies and problems from a historical perspective. They review long-term trends in the Mexican economy and analyze past episodes of radical shifts in development strategy and in the role of markets and the state. This book provides an overview of Mexico's economic development since Independence that compares the successive periods of stagnation and growth that alternately have characterized Mexico's economic history. It gives special attention to developments since 1940, and it presents a re-evaluation of Mexico's development policies during the State-led industrialization period from 1940 to 1982 as well as during the more recent market reform process. This reevaluation is critical of the dominant trend in economic literature and is revisionist in arguing that, in particular, the market reforms undertaken by successive Mexican governments since 1983 have not addressed the fundamental obstacles to economic growth. Development and Growth in the Mexican Economy also details the country's pioneering role in launching NAFTA, its membership in the OECD, and its radical macroeconomic reforms. Carefully argued and meticulously researched, the book presents a wide-ranging, authoritative study that not only pinpoints problems, but also suggests solutions for removing obstacles to economic stability and pointing the Mexican economy toward the road to recovery.
Author : María Belén Ortíz Torres
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783346361240
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,0, University of Bayreuth, course: Economic History of France in Globalization, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes the degree of Mexico’s global integration focusing on trade, ignoring other characteristic aspects of globalization, for example, migration and free capital mobility. Specifically, three aspects of international trade will be taken as indicators of globalization grade: Trade strategy, tariff level, and openness ratio. Finally, the main research questions that this paper poses are the following: Can Mexico be seen as a more globalized country today when we compare its trade policies in the period between 1877 and 1911 and the 21st century? Or did Mexico fall under the recent “wave of protectionism”? In economic history, the period right before World War I, which is frequently known as the first wave of globalization, is the time when most of the developed economies went through a trade liberalization process. On the one hand, this fact makes it interesting to look at Mexico during the Porfiriato (1877-1911), since the country was also experiencing a pro- found reformation of its economy after 300 years of colonialization history and decades of turbu- lences after independence. During recent years, principally after the global financial crisis in 2007- 2008 on the other hand, the voices of trade protectionism became lauder, especially considering the use of tariffs as a political sanction of the current President of the United States, Donald Trump (Kommerskollegium, 2016, p. 2; Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, 2020). Therefore, this paper aims to briefly investigate if the new “wave of protectionism” also reached Mexico.
Author : Andrés Rodríguez-Pose,Javier Sánchez-Reaza
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Free trade
ISBN : 9291905070
Author : Baylor University. Regional Studies
Publisher : [Waco, Tex.] : Regional Studies, Baylor University
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822003998069
Author : Belinda Coote
Publisher : Humanities Press International
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822021385646
Part of the Insight series, which presents evidence to support the advocacy work of Oxfam (UK/I) on behalf of poor communities - work which is central to the agency's relief and development programme in over 70 countries - this work examines the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which in 1994 created the largest free-trade zone in the world. The economic treaty united countries from the developed and the developing worlds. This book asks: will it lead to prosperity for all in Mexico, or will it leave the country open to exploitation and unfair competition? And what are the lessons to be learned from the NAFTA experience by other poor countries experimenting with policies of economic liberalization?
Author : Antoine Bouët
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896295100
Development experts often promote trade liberalization as a path to economic development and poverty alleviation. This study examines the trade models used to support such claims. The author surveys the methodologies used to assess trade liberalization’s impact and examines the extent to which assessments of impact diverge. Through careful analysis of models and their results, the author provides a more nuanced assessment of the liberalization’s possible benefits