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Women, Religion and Culture in Iran by Sarah Ansari,Vanessa Martin Pdf
Investigates how women, religion and culture have interacted in the context of 19th and 20th century Iran, covering topics as seemingly diverse as the social and cultural history of Persian cuisine, the work and attitudes of 19th century Christian missionaries, the impact of growing female literacy, and the consequences of developments since 1979.
Author : Saba Soomekh Publisher : State University of New York Press Page : 234 pages File Size : 48,8 Mb Release : 2012-10-11 Category : Religion ISBN : 9781438443850
Gold Medalist, 2013 Independent Publisher Book Awards in the Religion category Saba Soomekh offers a fascinating portrait of three generations of women in an ethnically distinctive and little-known American Jewish community, Jews of Iranian origin living in Los Angeles. Most of Iran's Jewish community immigrated to the United States and settled in Los Angeles in the wake of the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the government-sponsored discrimination that followed. Based on interviews with women raised during the constitutional monarchy of the earlier part of the twentieth century, those raised during the modernizing Pahlavi regime of mid-century, and those who have grown up in Los Angeles, the book presents an ethnographic portrait of what life was and is like for Iranian Jewish women. Featuring the voices of all generations, the book concentrates on religiosity and ritual observance, the relationship between men and women, and women's self-concept as Iranian Jewish women. Mother-daughter relationships, double standards for sons and daughters, marriage customs, the appeal of American forms of Jewish practices, social customs and pressures, and the alternate attraction to and critique of materialism and attention to outward appearance are discussed by the author and through the voices of her informants.
Women, Religion and Culture in Iran by Sarah Ansari,Vanessa Martin Pdf
Investigates how women, religion and culture have interacted in the context of 19th and 20th century Iran, covering topics as seemingly diverse as the social and cultural history of Persian cuisine, the work and attitudes of 19th century Christian missionaries, the impact of growing female literacy, and the consequences of developments since 1979.
First published in 1998. This book focuses on two socio-cultural domains - the family and religious activity in the lives of Iranian women. Women maintain the integrity of the household, while at the same time taking part in wider social activities. With this background the author explores the religious practice among today's Shirazi women, its transcendental and pragmatic aspects, specifying women's performance in religious rituals.
Based on original research into women's participation in the workforce, this book is the most up-to-date study of women in Iran available. The Islamisation of state and society which followed the 1979 revolution involved an attempt by the Islamic state to seclude women within the home. However, the power of the state was constrained by many factors - the Iran-Iraq war, economic restructuring - and women's own responses to oppression. In spite of continual attempts by the state to strengthen patriarchal relationships, women's participation in the labour force in 1999 is greater than it was before the revolution. Women's participation in both the economy and in political movements has led to a much greater level of gender consciousness in the 1990s than at the height of westernisation in the 1960s and 70s. Religious and secular women in urban areas have demanded reforms and forced the Islamic state to return to the position of the pre 1979 reforms. Providing a history of Iran, an introduction to Islamism and an analysis of the women and Islam debate, this book will be necessary reading for students and academics of Middle East studies, women's studies and labour studies.
Women in Iran from 1800 to the Islamic Republic by Lois Beck,Guity Nashat Pdf
The role of women in Iran has often been downplayed or obscured, particularly in the modern era. This volume demonstrates that women have long played important roles in different facets of Iranian society. Together with its companion, Women in Iran from the Rise of Islam to 1800, this volume completes a two-book project on the central importance of Iranian women from pre-Islamic times through the creation and establishment of the Islamic Republic. It includes essays from various disciplines by prominent scholars who examine women's roles in politics, society, and culture and the rise and development of the women's movement before and during the Islamic Republic. Several contributors address the issue of regional, ethnic, linguistic, and tribal diversity in Iran, which has long contained complex, heterogenous societies.
Feminine Visibility in Contemporary Iran by Anonim Pdf
In Feminine Visibility in Contemporary Iran, Esmaeil Zeiny and Seyed Javad Miri collect essays illustrating Iranian women's roles and movements that led to a breakthrough in societal attitudes towards them.
Religion, Culture and Politics in Iran by Joanna de Groot Pdf
This book offers a new interpretation to the social history of religion in Iran from the 1870s to the 1970s. It aims to situate the 'revolutionary' upheavals of 1977-82 in an extensive narrative context of historical developments over the preceding century, and to relate the 'religious' elements in that history to other social and cultural issues. In the author's analysis, Iran's revolution was complex, and contingent on a range of factors rather than a simple or inevitable outcome of the nature of the Iranian state or the nature of religion in Iran. The focus of the argument is on the human responses of Iranians to their experiences and problems in all their diversity and on the rich variety and complexity of relationships between religion and other aspects of life, thought and culture in the daily life of Iranians.
Women in Iran from the Rise of Islam to 1800 by Guity Nashat,Lois Beck Pdf
Combining scholarship from a range of disciplines, this collection of essays is a comprehensive examination of the role of women in Iranian society and culture, from pre-Islamic times to 1800. The contributors challenge common assumptions about women in Iran and Islam. Sweeping away modern myths, these essays show that women have had significant influence in almost every area of Iranian life. Focusing on a region wider than today's nation-state of Iran, this book explores developments in the spheres that most affect women: gender constructs, family structure, community roles, education, economic participation, Islamic practices and institutions, politics, and artistic representations. The contributors to this volume are prominent international scholars working in this field, and each draws on decades of research to address the history of Iranian women within the context of his or her area of expertise. This broad framework allows for a thorough and nuanced examination of the history of a complex society.
This dissertation presents an ethnographic portrait of what life was like for Iranian Jewish women living in Iran and now in America. From 2004 to 2006, I have conducted interviews with three generations of Iranian Jewish women-- grandmothers, mothers, and daughters--who currently reside in Los Angeles. The three major incidents that I will focus on in terms of their affect on Iran and, consequently, the Jewish community, are: the Constitutionalist Revolution in 1906 and the granting of the throne to Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925-1941); Muhammad Reza Shah Pahalavi taking the throne (1941-1979); and finally, the Islamic Revolution in 1979 and the immigration to Los Angeles. I explore these different generations to see how history, political change, social change, assimilation, financial mobility, and immigration have affected their religiosity, their concepts of womanhood, inter-generational relationships, and their identity. In particular, I look at the concept of sacrality throughout these three generations and see how it has changed. Although different generations of women have different interpretations of sacrality, one overarching theme is the emphasis placed on women's religious and social rituals and maintaining their najeebness (sexual modesty) -- all of which upholds the community's Jewish beliefs and distinguish them from other Iranians, Americans, and Jews. The emphasis on religious tradition and najeebness among Iranian Jewish women allows them to create meaning in their lives, establish authoritative figures within the community, and, most importantly, reinforce the collective morals and social norms held within the community.
Family law in contemporary Iran by Marianne Bøe Pdf
Passed into law over a decade before the Revolution, the Family Protection Law quickly drew the ire of the conservative clergy and the Ayatollah Khomeini in 1979. In fact, it was one of the first laws to be rescinded following the revolution. The law was hardly a surprising target, however, since women's status in Iran was then - and continues now to be - a central concern of Iranian political leaders, media commentators, and international observers alike. Taking up the issue of women's status in a modern context, Marianne Boe offers a nuanced view of how women's rights activists assert their rights within an Islamic context by weaving together religious and historical texts and narratives. Through Her substantial fieldwork and novel analysis, Boe undermines both the traditional view of 'Islamic Feminism' as monolithic and clears a path to a new understanding of the role of women's rights activists in shaping and synthesizing debates on the shari'a, women's rights and family law. As such, this book is essential for anyone studying family law and the role of women in contemporary Iran.
During the past two decades, the surge of religious fundamentalism in the United States and in the Muslim world has resulted in many studies of the status of women and other family issues. This volume is a cross-cultural study of women's social status in Iran, Egypt, and in the U.S. during different stages of religious fundamentalism. In each of these countries, women have been active participants in fundamentalist movements, and this study shows that such participation enables women to reexamine their relationship to power in the family and in society and increase their group solidarity and feminist consciousness. The author combined quantitative, historical, and interview techniques in her analysis, gathering data by administering a questionnaire to middle-class women in the three countries. In Iran, she interviewed selected women leaders about future gender roles in the Islamic Republic. Students in women's studies, Middle Eastern culture, religion, history, sociology, and psychology, and political science will be interested in this publication.
Women's Rituals and Ceremonies in Shiite Iran and Muslim Communities by Pedram Khosronejad Pdf
In this volume the authors present and discuss different aspects of their field researches and experiences in regard to the women's rituals and devotional practices. One of the main aims of this book is to broaden our understanding of women's devotional life, as well as calling attention to its relation to general social change. Most of the contributions are based on field researches, direct observations and rituals participations. This gives the reader a unique opportunity for better understanding of methodological challenges related to gender issues and field research among Muslim communities. --
Following the Islamic Revolution of 1979 and the re-introduction of Sharica law relating to gender and the family, women's rights in Iran suffered a major setback. However, as the implementers of the law have faced the social realities of women's lives and aspirations, positive changes have gradually come about. Here Ziba Mir-Hosseini takes us to the heart of the growing debates concerning the ways in which justice for women should be achieved. Through a series of lively interviews with clerics in the Iranian religious center of Qom, she seeks to understand the varying notions of gender that inform Islamic jurisprudence and to explore how clerics today perpetuate and modify these notions. Mir-Hosseini finds three main approaches to the issue: insistence on "traditional" patriarchal interpretations based on "complementarity" but "inequality" between women and men; attempts to introduce "balance" into traditional interpretations; or a radical rethinking of the jurisprudential constructions of gender. She introduces the debates among the commentators by examining key passages in both written and oral texts and by narrating her meetings and discussions with the authors. Unique in its approach and its subject matter, the book relates Mir-Hosseini's engagement, as a Muslim woman and a social anthropologist educated and working in the West, with Shii'i Muslim thinkers of various backgrounds and views. In the literature on women in Islam, there is no account of such a face-to-face encounter, either between religion and gender politics or between the two genders.
Iranian women acquired greater legal, social, and economic opportunities during the past three decades than in any other period of history, yet they participated in large numbers in the 1979 revolution to overthrow Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Ironically, they may have lost. more than any other group from the changes introduced and stand to lose even more from changes contemplated by leaders of the current regime. The role of women in the revolution, the reasons for their participation, and their subsequent fate are documented in this volume. The authors examine the status of women in pre-revolutionary society, the ways in which their lives were affected by Islamic principles, and the changes that occurred throughout the twentieth century as increasing numbers of women entered the labor force and public life. They then turn to recent political events, describing the participation of working-class, rural, and educated women and activists from both the right and left. Finally, they consider the implications of recent government politics aimed at limiting women's activities outside the home and encouraging a return to more traditional roles.
