A Collection Of Polish Works On Philosophical Problems Of Time And Spacetime

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A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime

Helena Eilstein
A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime Book PDF

Author : Helena Eilstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401700979

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A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime by Helena Eilstein Pdf

This is a collection of some works of Polish philosophers and physicists on philosophical problems of time and spacetime. Without restricting the thematic scope of the papers, the issue conceming objectivity of time flow runs as a uniting thread through most of them. Partly it is discussed directIy, and partly the authors focus on themes which are of paramount importance for one's attitude to that question. In the first six papers the authors deal with their topics against the background of contemporary physics, its theories, its difficulties and discussed conjectures. For the paper of S. Snihur that background is provided by everyday worId-outlook, and the author discusses the problem of existence and character of the future in the light of basic principles of cIassical logic. The paper of A. P61tawski, about the views of the outstanding polish philosopher Roman Ingarden, enriches the thematic scope of the coIIection introducing into it some questions from philosophical anthropology and ethics. JERZY GOLOSZ MOTION, SPACE, TIME*. Abstract. The paper discusses the properties of spacetime we study by analyzing the phenomenon of motion. Of special interest are the spacetime symmetries. the spacetime structures and the ontological status of spacetime. These problems are considered on the grounds of the c1assical theories of motion contained in Newtonian physics, special and general theory of relativity. The controversy between an absolute and a relational conception of motion and its ontological implications are also analyzed.

Philosophical Lectures on Probability

Bruno de Finetti
Philosophical Lectures on Probability Book PDF

Author : Bruno de Finetti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2008-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402082023

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Philosophical Lectures on Probability by Bruno de Finetti Pdf

Bruno de Finetti (1906–1985) is the founder of the subjective interpretation of probability, together with the British philosopher Frank Plumpton Ramsey. His related notion of “exchangeability” revolutionized the statistical methodology. This book (based on a course held in 1979) explains in a language accessible also to non-mathematicians the fundamental tenets and implications of subjectivism, according to which the probability of any well specified fact F refers to the degree of belief actually held by someone, on the ground of her whole knowledge, on the truth of the assertion that F obtains.

Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science

Artur Rojszczak,Jacek Cachro,Gabriel Kurczewski
Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science Book PDF

Author : Artur Rojszczak,Jacek Cachro,Gabriel Kurczewski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401726122

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Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science by Artur Rojszczak,Jacek Cachro,Gabriel Kurczewski Pdf

This is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science (Kraków, 1999). The articles address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems.

In the Scope of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science

Peter Gärdenfors,Jan Wolenski,K. Kijania-Placek
In the Scope of Logic Methodology and Philosophy of Science Book PDF

Author : Peter Gärdenfors,Jan Wolenski,K. Kijania-Placek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2002-12-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1402009291

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In the Scope of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science by Peter Gärdenfors,Jan Wolenski,K. Kijania-Placek Pdf

This is the first of two volumes containing papers submitted by the invited speakers to the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Cracow in 1999, under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited speakers are the leading researchers and accordingly the book presents the current state of the intellectual discourse in the respective fields. The papers delivered at the congress were divided into 17 sections. Thus the structure of the volume corresponds to the very schedule of the congress. Volume one contains the opening lecture by Andrzej K. Wróblewski as well as invited papers in sections of Proof Theory, Model Theory, Recursion Theory, Axiomatic Set Theory, Logic and Computation, Logic, Language and Cognition, Methodology, Probability, Induction, and Decision Theory, Philosophy of Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science, and Philosophy of the Physical Sciences.

Trading Ontology for Ideology

L. Decock
Trading Ontology for Ideology Book PDF

Author : L. Decock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2002-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1402008651

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Trading Ontology for Ideology by L. Decock Pdf

Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed.

Blameworthy Belief

Nikolaj Nottelmann
Blameworthy Belief Book PDF

Author : Nikolaj Nottelmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2007-07-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402059612

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Blameworthy Belief by Nikolaj Nottelmann Pdf

Believing the wrong thing can have drastic consequences. The question of when a person is not only ill-guided, but genuinely at fault for holding a particular belief goes to the root of our understanding of such notions as criminal negligence and moral responsibility. This book explores the conditions under which someone may be deemed blameworthy for holding a particular belief, drawing on contemporary epistemology, ethics and legal scholarship.

Internal Logic

Y. Gauthier
Internal Logic Book PDF

Author : Y. Gauthier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789401700832

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Internal Logic by Y. Gauthier Pdf

Internal logic is the logic of content. The content is here arithmetic and the emphasis is on a constructive logic of arithmetic (arithmetical logic). Kronecker's general arithmetic of forms (polynomials) together with Fermat's infinite descent is put to use in an internal consistency proof. The view is developed in the context of a radical arithmetization of mathematics and logic and covers the many-faceted heritage of Kronecker's work, which includes not only Hilbert, but also Frege, Cantor, Dedekind, Husserl and Brouwer. The book will be of primary interest to logicians, philosophers and mathematicians interested in the foundations of mathematics and the philosophical implications of constructivist mathematics. It may also be of interest to historians, since it covers a fifty-year period, from 1880 to 1930, which has been crucial in the foundational debates and their repercussions on the contemporary scene.

Formal Ontology and Conceptual Realism

Nino B. Cocchiarella
Formal Ontology and Conceptual Realism Book PDF

Author : Nino B. Cocchiarella
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2007-09-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402062049

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Formal Ontology and Conceptual Realism by Nino B. Cocchiarella Pdf

Theories about the ontological structure of the world have generally been described in informal, intuitive terms. This book offers an account of the general features and methodology of formal ontology. The book defends conceptual realism as the best system to adopt based on a logic of natural kinds. By formally reconstructing an intuitive, informal ontological scheme as a formal ontology we can better determine the consistency and adequacy of that scheme.

Theoretical Knowledge

Vi︠a︡cheslav Semenovich Stepin
Theoretical Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Vi︠a︡cheslav Semenovich Stepin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2005-07-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1402030452

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Theoretical Knowledge by Vi︠a︡cheslav Semenovich Stepin Pdf

He shows direct and inverse links between foundations of science and new theories and empirical facts evolved from those, how among many potentially possible histories of science a culture selects just those directions which become a real history of science. The author analyses mechanisms of the generation of scientific theories and shows that those are changed in the process of historical development of science. He displays three historical types of scientific rationality (classical, non-classical and post-non-classical, which appears in modern science) and shows features of their coexistence and interplay. It is shown that along with the emerging of post-non-classical rationality science increases the sphere of its worldview applications. Science begins to correlate not only with the basic values of technogenic civilization but also with some values and patterns of traditional cultures.

The Limits of Logical Empiricism

Arthur Pap
The Limits of Logical Empiricism Book PDF

Author : Arthur Pap
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2006-03-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1402042981

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The Limits of Logical Empiricism by Arthur Pap Pdf

This volume collects some of the most significant papers of Arthur Pap. Pap’s work played an important role in the development of the analytic tradition. This goes beyond the merely historical fact of Pap’s influential views of dispositional and modal concepts. Pap's writings in philosophy of science, modality, and philosophy of mathematics provide insightful alternative perspectives on philosophical problems of current interest.

The Withdrawal of Rights

O. Ezra
The Withdrawal of Rights Book PDF

Author : O. Ezra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401735001

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The Withdrawal of Rights by O. Ezra Pdf

Like most discussions within the tradition of rights-talk, this study is motivated by the desire to promote the idea that rights are moral assets that people should acquire in the course of their membership within social and political frameworks. However, while most participants in rights-talk concentrate on the safety and protection constraints required for a successful exercising of rights, the present study inquires into the circumstances under which people's rights lose their validity. The author believes that if we want to prevent the erosion of the role of rights within society and to encourage their obligatory status, we should prevent their misuse, or their unjustified or excessive use. Those who have interests in rights, and are concerned about their withdrawal or denial, will find a unique and inventive way of dealing both with the use, as well as the abuse of rights.

Visualization, Explanation and Reasoning Styles in Mathematics

P. Mancosu,Klaus Frovin Jørgensen,S.A. Pedersen
Visualization Explanation and Reasoning Styles in Mathematics Book PDF

Author : P. Mancosu,Klaus Frovin Jørgensen,S.A. Pedersen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006-03-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781402033353

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Visualization, Explanation and Reasoning Styles in Mathematics by P. Mancosu,Klaus Frovin Jørgensen,S.A. Pedersen Pdf

In the 20th century philosophy of mathematics has to a great extent been dominated by views developed during the so-called foundational crisis in the beginning of that century. These views have primarily focused on questions pertaining to the logical structure of mathematics and questions regarding the justi?cation and consistency of mathematics. Paradigmatic in this - spect is Hilbert’s program which inherits from Frege and Russell the project to formalize all areas of ordinary mathematics and then adds the requi- ment of a proof, by epistemically privileged means (?nitistic reasoning), of the consistency of such formalized theories. While interest in modi?ed v- sions of the original foundational programs is still thriving, in the second part of the twentieth century several philosophers and historians of mat- matics have questioned whether such foundational programs could exhaust the realm of important philosophical problems to be raised about the nature of mathematics. Some have done so in open confrontation (and hostility) to the logically based analysis of mathematics which characterized the cl- sical foundational programs, while others (and many of the contributors to this book belong to this tradition) have only called for an extension of the range of questions and problems that should be raised in connection with an understanding of mathematics. The focus has turned thus to a consideration of what mathematicians are actually doing when they produce mathematics. Questions concerning concept-formation, understanding, heuristics, changes instyle of reasoning, the role of analogies and diagrams etc.

Dynamic Epistemic Logic

Hans van Ditmarsch,Wiebe van der Hoek,Barteld Kooi
Dynamic Epistemic Logic Book PDF

Author : Hans van Ditmarsch,Wiebe van der Hoek,Barteld Kooi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2007-05-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402058394

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Dynamic Epistemic Logic by Hans van Ditmarsch,Wiebe van der Hoek,Barteld Kooi Pdf

Dynamic Epistemic Logic is the logic of knowledge change. This book provides various logics to support such formal specifications, including proof systems. Concrete examples and epistemic puzzles enliven the exposition. The book also offers exercises with answers. It is suitable for graduate courses in logic. Many examples, exercises, and thorough completeness proofs and expressivity results are included. A companion web page offers slides for lecturers and exams for further practice.

Attitudes and Changing Contexts

Robert van Rooij
Attitudes and Changing Contexts Book PDF

Author : Robert van Rooij
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402041778

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Attitudes and Changing Contexts by Robert van Rooij Pdf

In this book, the author defends a unified externalists account of propositional attitudes and reference, and formalizes this view within possible world semantics. He establishes a link between philosophical analyses of intentionality and reference, and formal semantic theories of discourse representation and context change. The relation between belief change and the semantic analyses of conditional sentences and evidential (knowledge) and buletic (desire) propositional attitudes is discussed extensively.

(Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein

A. Biletzki
Over Interpreting Wittgenstein Book PDF

Author : A. Biletzki
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400708228

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(Over)Interpreting Wittgenstein by A. Biletzki Pdf

This book tells the story of Wittgenstein interpretation during the past eighty years. It provides different interpretations, chronologies, developments, and controversies. It aims to discover the motives and motivations behind the philosophical community's project of interpreting Wittgenstein. It will prove valuable to philosophers, scholars, interpreters, students, and specialists, in both analytic and continental philosophy.