A Twentieth Century Crusade

Author : Giuliana Chamedes
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674239135

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A Twentieth-Century Crusade by Giuliana Chamedes Pdf

The first comprehensive history of the Vatican’s agenda to defeat the forces of secular liberalism and communism through international law, cultural diplomacy, and a marriage of convenience with authoritarian and right-wing rulers. After the United States entered World War I and the Russian Revolution exploded, the Vatican felt threatened by forces eager to reorganize the European international order and cast the Church out of the public sphere. In response, the papacy partnered with fascist and right-wing states as part of a broader crusade that made use of international law and cultural diplomacy to protect European countries from both liberal and socialist taint. A Twentieth-Century Crusade reveals that papal officials opposed Woodrow Wilson’s international liberal agenda by pressing governments to sign concordats assuring state protection of the Church in exchange for support from the masses of Catholic citizens. These agreements were implemented in Mussolini’s Italy and Hitler’s Germany, as well as in countries like Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. In tandem, the papacy forged a Catholic International—a political and diplomatic foil to the Communist International—which spread a militant anticommunist message through grassroots organizations and new media outlets. It also suppressed Catholic antifascist tendencies, even within the Holy See itself. Following World War II, the Church attempted to mute its role in strengthening fascist states, as it worked to advance its agenda in partnership with Christian Democratic parties and a generation of Cold War warriors. The papal mission came under fire after Vatican II, as Church-state ties weakened and antiliberalism and anticommunism lost their appeal. But—as Giuliana Chamedes shows in her groundbreaking exploration—by this point, the Vatican had already made a lasting mark on Eastern and Western European law, culture, and society.

Author : Giuliana Chamedes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674983427

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A Twentieth-Century Crusade - The Vatican's Battle to Remake Christian Europe by Giuliana Chamedes Pdf

Drawing on new archival research conducted in eight countries and in seven different languages, this book uncovers how the Vatican shaped the European international order after both world wars, via the novel use of international law, public diplomacy, and new media. Through careful attention to the entanglements of religion and politics, A Twentieth-Century Crusade traces the extraordinary story of how the Vatican moved from the margins to the center of European affairs after World War I.--

Author : Giuliana Chamedes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 0674239121

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A Twentieth-century Crusade by Giuliana Chamedes Pdf

Drawing on new archival research conducted in eight countries and in seven different languages, this book uncovers how the Vatican shaped the European international order after both world wars, via the novel use of international law, public diplomacy, and new media. Through careful attention to the entanglements of religion and politics, A Twentieth-Century Crusade traces the extraordinary story of how the Vatican moved from the margins to the center of European affairs after World War I.--

Author : Lyman Abbott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1918
Category : World War, 1914-1918
ISBN : UOM:39015006950383

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The Twentieth Century Crusade by Lyman Abbott Pdf

Author : Francisco Bethencourt
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691169750

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Racisms by Francisco Bethencourt Pdf

A groundbreaking history of racism Racisms is the first comprehensive history of racism, from the Crusades to the twentieth century. Demonstrating that there is not one continuous tradition of racism, Francisco Bethencourt shows that racism preceded any theories of race and must be viewed within the prism and context of social hierarchies and local conditions. In this richly illustrated book, Bethencourt argues that in its various aspects, all racism has been triggered by political projects monopolizing specific economic and social resources. Racisms focuses on the Western world, but opens comparative views on ethnic discrimination and segregation in Asia and Africa. Bethencourt looks at different forms of racism, and explores instances of enslavement, forced migration, and ethnic cleansing, while analyzing how practices of discrimination and segregation were defended. This is a major interdisciplinary work that moves away from ideas of linear or innate racism and recasts our understanding of interethnic relations.

Author : Lyman 1835-1922 Abbott
Publisher : Wentworth Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-29
Category : History
ISBN : 1374402729

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20TH CENTURY CRUSADE by Lyman 1835-1922 Abbott Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author : Yongming Zhou
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : History
ISBN : 0847695980

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Anti-drug Crusades in Twentieth-century China by Yongming Zhou Pdf

The first comprehensive analysis of anti-drug crusades in twentieth-century China, this book chronicles the evolution of ChinaOs anti-narcotics movement from its shaky but enthusiastic beginnings in 1906, through its dramatic success in the early years of the communist regime, to its continuance today in the face of resurgent opium and heroin use. Especially valuable is the authorOs detailed description of the CCPOs successful opium eradication campaigns in the early 1950s, which includes previously unavailable archival information and personal interviews. This rich and multifaceted story will be essential reading for Asia scholars and narcotics researchers alike.

Author : Mike Horswell,Jonathan Phillips
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351250429

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Perceptions of the Crusades from the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century by Mike Horswell,Jonathan Phillips Pdf

Engaging the Crusades is a series of volumes which offer windows into a newly emerging field of historical study: the memory and legacy of the crusades. Together these volumes examine the reasons behind the enduring resonance of the crusades and present the memory of crusading in the modern period as a productive, exciting and much needed area of investigation. Perceptions of the Crusades from the Ninetenth to the Twenty-First Century explores the ways in which the crusades have been used in the last two centuries, including the varying deployment of crusading rhetoric and imagery in both the East and the West. It considers the scope and impact of crusading memory from the nineteenth and into the twentieth century, engaging with nineteenth-century British lending libraries, literary uses of crusading tales, wartime postcard propaganda, memories of Saladin and crusades in the Near East and the works of modern crusade historians. Demonstrating the breadth of material encompassed by this subject and offering methodological suggestions for continuing its progress, Perceptions of the Crusades from the Ninetenth to the Twenty-First Century is essential reading for modern historians, military historians and historians of memory and medievalism.

Author : Lyman 1835-1922 Abbott
Publisher : Wentworth Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-29
Category : History
ISBN : 1373730420

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20TH CENTURY CRUSADE by Lyman 1835-1922 Abbott Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author : S.J. Allen
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-05-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781442600270

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An Introduction to the Crusades by S.J. Allen Pdf

An Introduction to the Crusades, part of the Companions to Medieval Studies series, is an accessible guide to studying the complex history of the Crusades. The book begins by defining the Crusades, giving the political and social context of Byzantium, Western Europe, the Islamic States, and Jewish communities to set the scene for crusading from the eleventh century to the end of the medieval period. It then immerses the reader in the logistics of crusading and the day-to-day life of a crusader, explaining arms and armor, strategy and tactics, and siege warfare. Topics explored in depth include women on crusade, pilgrimage, the Mongols, crusade charters, and the use of crusader rhetoric throughout history. A case study chapter on the negotiations for Jerusalem between Saladin and Richard I provides insight into the process of historical inquiry and methods for engaging with primary sources. The book is pedagogically grounded through the inclusion of questions for reflection, sixteen images, four maps, a detailed chronology, a glossary, a "Who's Who" of the crusading world, and a bibliography.

Author : Deborah Blum
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780525560289

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The Poison Squad by Deborah Blum Pdf

A New York Times Notable Book The inspiration for PBS's AMERICAN EXPERIENCE film The Poison Squad. From Pulitzer Prize winner and New York Times-bestselling author Deborah Blum, the dramatic true story of how food was made safe in the United States and the heroes, led by the inimitable Dr. Harvey Washington Wiley, who fought for change By the end of nineteenth century, food was dangerous. Lethal, even. "Milk" might contain formaldehyde, most often used to embalm corpses. Decaying meat was preserved with both salicylic acid, a pharmaceutical chemical, and borax, a compound first identified as a cleaning product. This was not by accident; food manufacturers had rushed to embrace the rise of industrial chemistry, and were knowingly selling harmful products. Unchecked by government regulation, basic safety, or even labelling requirements, they put profit before the health of their customers. By some estimates, in New York City alone, thousands of children were killed by "embalmed milk" every year. Citizens--activists, journalists, scientists, and women's groups--began agitating for change. But even as protective measures were enacted in Europe, American corporations blocked even modest regulations. Then, in 1883, Dr. Harvey Washington Wiley, a chemistry professor from Purdue University, was named chief chemist of the agriculture department, and the agency began methodically investigating food and drink fraud, even conducting shocking human tests on groups of young men who came to be known as, "The Poison Squad." Over the next thirty years, a titanic struggle took place, with the courageous and fascinating Dr. Wiley campaigning indefatigably for food safety and consumer protection. Together with a gallant cast, including the muckraking reporter Upton Sinclair, whose fiction revealed the horrific truth about the Chicago stockyards; Fannie Farmer, then the most famous cookbook author in the country; and Henry J. Heinz, one of the few food producers who actively advocated for pure food, Dr. Wiley changed history. When the landmark 1906 Food and Drug Act was finally passed, it was known across the land, as "Dr. Wiley's Law." Blum brings to life this timeless and hugely satisfying "David and Goliath" tale with righteous verve and style, driving home the moral imperative of confronting corporate greed and government corruption with a bracing clarity, which speaks resoundingly to the enormous social and political challenges we face today.

Author : Dwight D. Eisenhower
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-01-02
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780307816573

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Crusade in Europe by Dwight D. Eisenhower Pdf

A classic of World War II literature, an incredibly revealing work that provides a near comprehensive account of the war and brings to life the legendary general and eventual president of the United States. • "Gives the reader true insight into the most difficult part of a commander's life." —The New York Times Five-star General Dwight D. Eisenhower was arguably the single most important military figure of World War II. Crusade in Europe tells the complete story of the war as he planned and executed it. Through Eisenhower's eyes the enormous scope and drama of the war--strategy, battles, moments of great decision--become fully illuminated in all their fateful glory. Penned before his Presidency, this account is deeply human and helped propel him to the highest office. His personal record of the tense first hours after he had issued the order to attack leaves no doubt of his travails and reveals how this great leader handled the ultimate pressure. For historians, his memoir of this world historic period has become an indispensable record of the war and timeless classic.

Author : Jonathan Phillips
Publisher : Random House
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781588369758

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Holy Warriors by Jonathan Phillips Pdf

From an internationally renowned expert, here is an accessible and utterly fascinating one-volume history of the Crusades, thrillingly told through the experiences of its many players—knights and sultans, kings and poets, Christians and Muslims. Jonathan Phillips traces the origins, expansion, decline, and conclusion of the Crusades and comments on their contemporary echoes—from the mysteries of the Templars to the grim reality of al-Qaeda. Holy Warriors puts the past in a new perspective and brilliantly sheds light on the origins of today’s wars. Starting with Pope Urban II’s emotive, groundbreaking speech in November 1095, in which he called for the recovery of Jerusalem from Islam by the First Crusade, Phillips traces the centuries-long conflict between two of the world’s great faiths. Using songs, sermons, narratives, and letters of the period, he reveals how the success of the First Crusade inspired generations of kings to campaign for their own vainglory and set down a marker for the knights of Europe, men who increasingly blurred the boundaries between chivalry and crusading. In the Muslim world, early attempts to call a jihad fell upon deaf ears until the charisma of the Sultan Saladin brought the struggle to a climax. Yet the story that emerges has other dimensions—as never before, Phillips incorporates the holy wars within the story of medieval Christendom and Islam and shines new light on many truces, alliances, and diplomatic efforts that have been forgotten over the centuries. Holy Warriors also discusses how the term “crusade” survived into the modern era and how its redefinition through romantic literature and the drive for colonial empires during the nineteenth century gave it an energy and a resonance that persisted down to the alliance between Franco and the Church during the Spanish Civil War and right up to George W. Bush’s pious “war on terror.” Elegantly written, compulsively readable, and full of stunning new portraits of unforgettable real-life figures—from Richard the Lionhearted to Melisende, the formidable crusader queen of Jerusalem—Holy Warriors is a must-read for anyone interested in medieval Europe, as well as for those seeking to understand the history of religious conflict.

Author : Patrick Donner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : STANFORD:36105040222080

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Crusade by Patrick Donner Pdf

Author : Norman Housley
Publisher : Springer
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781137462817

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Reconfiguring the Fifteenth-Century Crusade by Norman Housley Pdf

This collection of essays by eight leading scholars is a landmark event in the study of crusading in the late middle ages. It is the outcome of an international network funded by the Leverhulme Trust whose members examined the persistence of crusading activity in the fifteenth century from three viewpoints, goals, agencies and resonances. The crusading fronts considered include the conflict with the Ottoman Turks in the Mediterranean and western Balkans, the Teutonic Order’s activities in the Baltic region, and the Hussite crusades. The authors review criticism of crusading propaganda on behalf of the crusade, the influence on crusading of demands for Church reform, the impact of printing, expanding knowledge of the world beyond the Christian lands, and new sensibilities about the sufferings of non-combatants.