Aging In The United States And Japan

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Aging in the United States and Japan

Yukio Noguchi,David A. Wise
Aging in the United States and Japan Book PDF

Author : Yukio Noguchi,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226590219

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Aging in the United States and Japan by Yukio Noguchi,David A. Wise Pdf

Japanese and American economists assess the present economic status of the elderly in the United States and Japan, and consider the impact of an aging population on the economies of the two countries. With essays on labor force participation and retirement, housing equity and the economic status of the elderly, budget implications of an aging population, and financing social security and health care in the 1990s, this volume covers a broad spectrum of issues related to the economics of aging. Among the book's findings are that workers are retiring at an increasingly earlier age in both countries and that, as the populations age, baby boomers in the United States will face diminishing financial resources as the ratio of retirees to workers sharply increases. The result of a joint venture between the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Japan Center for Economic Research, this book complements Housing Markets in the United States and Japan (1994) by integrating research on housing markets with economic issues of the aged in the United States and Japan.

The Economic Effects of Aging in the United States and Japan

Michael D. Hurd,Naohiro Yashiro
The Economic Effects of Aging in the United States and Japan Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Hurd,Naohiro Yashiro
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2007-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226361024

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The Economic Effects of Aging in the United States and Japan by Michael D. Hurd,Naohiro Yashiro Pdf

Due to falling fertility rates, the aging of the baby-boom cohort, and increases in life expectancy, the percentage of the population that is elderly is expected to increase rapidly in the United States and Japan over the next two decades. These fourteen essays show that, despite differences in culture and social and government structure, population aging will have many similar macro and micro effects on the economic status and behavior of the elderly in both countries. The most obvious effects will be on social programs such as public pension systems and the provision for medical needs of the elderly. But, the contributors demonstrate, aging will also affect markets for labor, capital, housing, and health care services. It will affect firms through their participation in the demand side of the labor market and through their provisions for pensions. And aging will influence saving rates, the rate of return on assets, the balance of payments, and, most likely, economic growth. This volume will interest scholars and policy makers concerned with the economics of aging.

Through Japanese Eyes

Yohko Tsuji
Through Japanese Eyes Book PDF

Author : Yohko Tsuji
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781978819573

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Through Japanese Eyes by Yohko Tsuji Pdf

In Through Japanese Eyes, based on her thirty-year research at a senior center in upstate New York, anthropologist Yohko Tsuji describes old age in America from a cross-cultural perspective. Comparing aging in America and in her native Japan, she discovers that notable differences in the panhuman experience of aging are rooted in cultural differences between these two countries, and that Americans have strongly negative attitudes toward aging because it represents the antithesis of cherished American values, especially independence. Tsuji reveals that American culture, despite its seeming lack of guidance for those aging, plays a pivotal role in elders’ lives, simultaneously assisting and constraining them. Furthermore, the author’s lengthy period of research illustrates major changes in her interlocutors’ lives, incorporating their declines and death, and significant shifts in the culture of aging in American society as Tsuji herself gets to know American culture and grows into senescence herself. Through Japanese Eyes offers an ethnography of aging in America from a cross-cultural perspective based on a lengthy period of research. It illustrates how older Americans cope with the gap between the ideal (e.g., independence) and the real (e.g., needing assistance) of growing older, and the changes the author observed over thirty years of research.

Encounters with Aging

Margaret M. Lock
Encounters with Aging Book PDF

Author : Margaret M. Lock
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 052091662X

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Encounters with Aging by Margaret M. Lock Pdf

Margaret Lock explicitly compares Japanese and North American medical and political accounts of female middle age to challenge Western assumptions about menopause. She uses ethnography, interviews, statistics, historical and popular culture materials, and medical publications to produce a richly detailed account of Japanese women's lives. The result offers irrefutable evidence that the experience and meanings—even the endocrinological changes—associated with female midlife are far from universal. Rather, Lock argues, they are the product of an ongoing dialectic between culture and local biologies. Japanese focus on middle-aged women as family members, and particularly as caretakers of elderly relatives. They attach relatively little importance to the end of menstruation, seeing it as a natural part of the aging process and not a diseaselike state heralding physical decline and emotional instability. Even the symptoms of midlife are different: Japanese women report few hot flashes, for example, but complain frequently of stiff shoulders. Articulate, passionate, and carefully documented, Lock's study systematically undoes the many preconceptions about aging women in two distinct cultural settings. Because it is rooted in the everyday lives of Japanese women, it also provides an excellent entree to Japanese society as a whole. Aging and menopause are subjects that have been closeted behind our myths, fears, and misconceptions. Margaret Lock's cross-cultural perspective gives us a critical new lens through which to examine our assumptions.

Japan's Aging Peace

Tom Phuong Le
Japan s Aging Peace Book PDF

Author : Tom Phuong Le
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231553285

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Japan's Aging Peace by Tom Phuong Le Pdf

Since the end of World War II, Japan has not sought to remilitarize, and its postwar constitution commits to renouncing aggressive warfare. Yet many inside and outside Japan have asked whether the country should or will return to commanding armed forces amid an increasingly challenging regional and global context and as domestic politics have shifted in favor of demonstrations of national strength. Tom Phuong Le offers a novel explanation of Japan’s reluctance to remilitarize that foregrounds the relationship between demographics and security. Japan’s Aging Peace demonstrates how changing perceptions of security across generations have culminated in a culture of antimilitarism that constrains the government’s efforts to pursue a more martial foreign policy. Le challenges a simple opposition between militarism and pacifism, arguing that Japanese security discourse should be understood in terms of “multiple militarisms,” which can legitimate choices such as the mobilization of the Japan Self-Defense Forces for peacekeeping operations and humanitarian relief missions. Le highlights how factors that are not typically linked to security policy, such as aging and declining populations and gender inequality, have played crucial roles. He contends that the case of Japan challenges the presumption in international relations scholarship that states must pursue the use of force or be punished, showing how widespread normative beliefs have restrained Japanese policy makers. Drawing on interviews with policy makers, military personnel, atomic bomb survivors, museum coordinators, grassroots activists, and other stakeholders, as well as analysis of peace museums and social movements, Japan’s Aging Peace provides new insights for scholars of Asian politics, international relations, and Japanese foreign policy.

Aging in Asia

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia
Aging in Asia Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-07-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309254090

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Aging in Asia by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Policy Research and Data Needs to Meet the Challenge of Aging in Asia Pdf

The population of Asia is growing both larger and older. Demographically the most important continent on the world, Asia's population, currently estimated to be 4.2 billion, is expected to increase to about 5.9 billion by 2050. Rapid declines in fertility, together with rising life expectancy, are altering the age structure of the population so that in 2050, for the first time in history, there will be roughly as many people in Asia over the age of 65 as under the age of 15. It is against this backdrop that the Division of Behavioral and Social Research at the U.S. National Institute on Aging (NIA) asked the National Research Council (NRC), through the Committee on Population, to undertake a project on advancing behavioral and social research on aging in Asia. Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives is a peer-reviewed collection of papers from China, India, Indonesia, Japan, and Thailand that were presented at two conferences organized in conjunction with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy, Indonesian Academy of Sciences, and Science Council of Japan; the first conference was hosted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, and the second conference was hosted by the Indian National Science Academy in New Delhi. The papers in the volume highlight the contributions from new and emerging data initiatives in the region and cover subject areas such as economic growth, labor markets, and consumption; family roles and responsibilities; and labor markets and consumption.

Being Young in Super-Aging Japan

Patrick Heinrich,Christian Galan
Being Young in Super Aging Japan Book PDF

Author : Patrick Heinrich,Christian Galan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351025041

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Being Young in Super-Aging Japan by Patrick Heinrich,Christian Galan Pdf

Japan is not only the oldest society in the world today, but also the oldest society to have ever existed. This aging trend, however, presents many challenges to contemporary Japan, as it permeates all areas of life, from the economy and welfare to social cohesion and population decline. Nobody is more affected by these changes than the young generation. This book studies Japanese youth in the aging society in detail. It analyses formative events and cultural reactions. Themes include employment, parenthood, sexuality, but also art, literature and language, thus demonstrating how the younger generation can provide insights into the future of Japanese society more generally. This book argues that the prolonged crisis resulted in a commonly shared destabilization of thoughts and attitudes and that this has shaped a new generation that is unlike any other in post-war Japan. Presenting an inter-disciplinary approach to the study of the aging trend and what it implies for young Japanese, this book will be useful to students and scholars of Japanese culture and society, as well cultural anthropology and demography.

Successful Aging in a Rural Community in Japan

Kimiko Tanaka,Nan E. Johnson
Successful Aging in a Rural Community in Japan Book PDF

Author : Kimiko Tanaka,Nan E. Johnson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Aging
ISBN : 1531018610

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Successful Aging in a Rural Community in Japan by Kimiko Tanaka,Nan E. Johnson Pdf

"This book discusses the aging populations in rural Japan. The plan of the book is as follows: In Chapter 1, we describe how rural Japan has changed socially and demographically. We explain how rural depopulation has led to political consolidation, and how the welfare system in Japan is placing more responsibility and autonomy on the municipalities. Some rural towns in Japan, such as Kawanehonchō, are actively responding to the demographic challenges initiated by municipal governments that have the advantage of developing unique programs reflecting the voices of local residents. Chapter 2 describes Kawanehonchō, explains how it became a rural depopulated town, and discusses why the town provides an important example to understand and discuss rural aging comparatively. In Chapter 3, we review theoretical frameworks (collective efficacy theory and social capital) to understand the inseparability of successful aging from the quality of neighborhoods and communities. We explain our research methods in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5, we examine Kawanehonchō with secondary data. Chapter 6 summarizes the findings based on observations of activities provided for the elderly in this town, and Chapter 7 sheds light on rural aging through the eyes and words of its leaders. Chapter 8 presents our findings from our survey of elders participating in two community programs developed locally and specifically for them. Finally, in Chapter 9, we discuss the possibility of net inmigration of older adults to Kawanehonchō, and Chapter 10 includes discussions on challenges in rural depopulation and healthy aging"--

Retooling for an Aging America

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Future Health Care Workforce for Older Americans
Retooling for an Aging America Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Future Health Care Workforce for Older Americans
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2008-09-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309115872

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Retooling for an Aging America by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Future Health Care Workforce for Older Americans Pdf

As the first of the nation's 78 million baby boomers begin reaching age 65 in 2011, they will face a health care workforce that is too small and woefully unprepared to meet their specific health needs. Retooling for an Aging America calls for bold initiatives starting immediately to train all health care providers in the basics of geriatric care and to prepare family members and other informal caregivers, who currently receive little or no training in how to tend to their aging loved ones. The book also recommends that Medicare, Medicaid, and other health plans pay higher rates to boost recruitment and retention of geriatric specialists and care aides. Educators and health professional groups can use Retooling for an Aging America to institute or increase formal education and training in geriatrics. Consumer groups can use the book to advocate for improving the care for older adults. Health care professional and occupational groups can use it to improve the quality of health care jobs.

Ageing and Employment Policies Working Better with Age

OECD
Ageing and Employment Policies Working Better with Age Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264402195

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Ageing and Employment Policies Working Better with Age by OECD Pdf

People today are living longer than ever before, but what is a boon for individuals can be challenging for societies. If nothing is done to change existing work and retirement patterns, the number of older inactive people who will need to be supported by each worker could rise by around 40% between 2018 and 2050 on average in the OECD area. This would put a brake on rising living standards as well as enormous pressure on younger generations who will be financing social protection systems. Improving employment prospects of older workers will be crucial. At the same time, taking a life-course approach will be necessary to avoid accumulation of individual disadvantages over work careers that discourage or prevent work at an older age.

Faces of Aging

Yoshiko Matsumoto
Faces of Aging Book PDF

Author : Yoshiko Matsumoto
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804771498

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Faces of Aging by Yoshiko Matsumoto Pdf

The chapters in this volume put a human face on aging issues, and consider multiple dimensions of the aging experience with a focus on Japan.

The Political Economy of Population Aging

Kimiko Terai,Amihai Glazer,Naomi Miyazato
The Political Economy of Population Aging Book PDF

Author : Kimiko Terai,Amihai Glazer,Naomi Miyazato
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811655364

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The Political Economy of Population Aging by Kimiko Terai,Amihai Glazer,Naomi Miyazato Pdf

This book integrates the economics of aging and insight based on political economy and explores generational conflict in the context of governmental spending. This problem is general, as the Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted: lockdowns protect the elderly, but hurt the young. Policies to address global warming impose taxes on the elderly, but would bring benefits largely in the future. This book addresses intergenerational problems by placing its focus on budget allocation, taxation, and regulation. By using Japanese and US data, the authors conduct statistical analysis of whether regions with aging populations may adopt policies that generate benefits during a short period of time instead of policies that could benefit current young generations for an extended period of time. If the policy preferences of voters depend on their age, and if policy adoption by a government reflects public opinion, the change in demographic composition in a region may affect governmental policies. In an aged society, the elderly are pivotal voters. Budgets may be reallocated from policies favored by younger generations, such as education, to policies the elderly prefer, such as welfare programs. This generates an intergenerational externality problem: voters with short life expectancy do not take into consideration long-term benefits. Moreover, the current tax bases may be replaced by other tax bases that do not harm the elderly. The results reported in the book largely support these hypotheses. Evidence also shows that the gender and racial composition and institutional factors, including the extent of fiscal decentralization, are important in anticipating effects of population aging in other countries.

Making Meaningful Lives

Iza Kavedžija
Making Meaningful Lives Book PDF

Author : Iza Kavedžija
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780812251364

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Making Meaningful Lives by Iza Kavedžija Pdf

What makes for a meaningful life? In the Japanese context, the concept of ikigai provides a clue. Translated as "that which makes one's life worth living," ikigai has also come to mean that which gives a person happiness. In Japan, where the demographic cohort of elderly citizens is growing, and new modes of living and relationships are revising traditional multigenerational family structures, the elderly experience of ikigai is considered a public health concern. Without a relevant model for meaningful and joyful older age, the increasing older population of Japan must create new cultural forms that center the ikigai that comes from old age. In Making Meaningful Lives, Iza Kavedžija provides a rich anthropological account of the lives and concerns of older Japanese women and men. Grounded in years of ethnographic fieldwork at two community centers in Osaka, Kavedžija offers an intimate narrative analysis of the existential concerns of her active, independent subjects. Alone and in groups, the elderly residents of these communities make sense of their lives and shifting ikigai with humor, conversation, and storytelling. They are as much providers as recipients of care, challenging common images of the elderly as frail and dependent, while illustrating a more complex argument: maintaining independence nevertheless requires cultivating multiple dependences on others. Making Meaningful Lives argues that an anthropology of the elderly is uniquely suited to examine the competing values of dependence and independence, sociality and isolation, intimacy and freedom, that people must balance throughout all of life's stages.

Aging Issues in the United States and Japan

Seiritsu Ogura,Toshiaki Tachibanaki,David A. Wise
Aging Issues in the United States and Japan Book PDF

Author : Seiritsu Ogura,Toshiaki Tachibanaki,David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226620831

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Aging Issues in the United States and Japan by Seiritsu Ogura,Toshiaki Tachibanaki,David A. Wise Pdf

The population base in both the United States and Japan is growing older and, as those populations age, they provoke heretofore unexamined economic consequences. This cutting-edge, comparative volume, the third in the joint series offered by the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Japan Center for Economic Research, explores those consequences, drawing specific attention to four key areas: incentives for early retirement; savings, wealth, and asset allocation over the life cycle; health care and health care reform; and population projections. Given the undeniable global importance of the Japanese and U.S. economies, these innovative essays shed welcome new light on the complex correlations between aging and economic behavior. This insightful work not only deepens our understanding of the Japanese and American economic landscapes but, through careful examination of the comparative social and economic data, clarifies the complex relation between aging societies, public policies, and economic outcomes.

World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights

United Nations
World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights Book PDF

Author : United Nations
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210045537

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World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights by United Nations Pdf

Drawing on the 2019 revision of World Population Prospects, the World Population Ageing 2019 (Highlights) document global and regional trends in population ageing, including consideration of the implications of these trends for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. The report also presents various concepts and indicators related to population ageing and discusses related fiscal and economic implications.