American Bioethics

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Bioethics in America

M. L. Tina Stevens
Bioethics in America Book PDF

Author : M. L. Tina Stevens
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2003-05-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780801876974

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Bioethics in America by M. L. Tina Stevens Pdf

In Bioethics in America, Tina Stevens challenges the view that the origins of the bioethics movement can be found in the 1960s, a decade mounting challenges to all variety of authority. Instead, Stevens sees bioethics as one more product of a "centuries-long cultural legacy of American ambivalence toward progress," and she finds its modern roots in the responsible science movement that emerged following detonation of the atomic bomb. Rather than challenging authority, she says, the bioethics movement was an aid to authority, in that it allowed medical doctors and researchers to proceed on course while bioethicists managed public fears about medicine's new technologies. That is, the public was reassured by bioethical oversight of biomedicine; in reality, however, bioethicists belonged to the same mainstream that produced the doctors and researchers whom the bioethicists were guiding.

Bioethics

Arleen L. F. Salles,María Julia Bertomeu
Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Arleen L. F. Salles,María Julia Bertomeu
Publisher : Rodopi
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Bioethics
ISBN : 9042015179

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Bioethics by Arleen L. F. Salles,María Julia Bertomeu Pdf

This book presents a unique view of the current state of development of bioethics in Latin America. Twelve Latin American thinkers who share a primary interest in bioethics address a vast range of questions, including autonomy, rights, justice, and the role of culture and religion in bioethics. These studies contribute to an understanding of Latin American thought, and they make possible a transcultural dialogue on bioethical issues.

American Bioethics

George J. Annas
American Bioethics Book PDF

Author : George J. Annas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780195390292

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American Bioethics by George J. Annas Pdf

Bioethics was born in the USA and the values American bioethics embrace are based on American law, including liberty and justice. This book crosses the borders between bioethics and law, but moves beyond the domestic law/bioethics struggles for dominance by exploring attempts to articulate universal principles based on international human rights. The isolationism of bioethics in the US is not tenable in the wake of scientific triumphs like decoding the human genome, and civilizational tragedies like international terrorism. Annas argues that by crossing boundaries which have artificially separated bioethics and health law from the international human rights movement, American bioethics can be reborn as a global force for good, instead of serving mainly the purposes of U.S. academics. This thesis is explored in a variety of international contexts such as terrorism and genetic engineering, and in U.S. domestic disputes such as patient rights and market medicine. The citizens of the world have created two universal codes: science has sequenced the human genome and the United Nations has produced the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The challenge for American bioethics is to combine these two great codes in imaginative and constructive ways to make the world a better, and healthier, place to live.

Ibero-American Bioethics

Léo Pessini,Christian Paul de Barchifontaine,Fernando Lolas Stepke
Ibero American Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Léo Pessini,Christian Paul de Barchifontaine,Fernando Lolas Stepke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-12-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402093500

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Ibero-American Bioethics by Léo Pessini,Christian Paul de Barchifontaine,Fernando Lolas Stepke Pdf

This book is the first in a series of planned volumes focused on preserving the character of the development of bioethics in particular cultural contexts. As the first of these volumes, Leo Pessini, Christian de Paul de Barchifontaine, and Fernando Lolas Stepke’s work has succeeded well. It has brought together accounts by sch- ars who were crucial to the emergence of bioethics in the Ibero-American cultural domain. This trail-blazing work in the history of bioethics will be of enduring s- nificance. I am deeply in their debt for having shouldered this far from easy task. Bioethics is the product of very particular socio-historical developments. Most prominent among them have been (1) the secularization of the dominant culture of North America, Western Europe, and now Central and South America as well, (2) a deflation of the status and authority of physicians as moral authorities able to guide their own profession, and (3) the salience of a post-traditional animus that gives c- tral place to persons as isolated atomic sources of moral authority. Bioethics initially took shape in North America as a post-Christian, post-professional, post-traditional social movement. This bioethics sought to establish a moral discourse for the public forum, a moral practice able to give practical guidance in hospitals and other insti- tions, and a body of undergirding and justifying theoretical reflections.

The American Medical Ethics Revolution

Robert Baker
The American Medical Ethics Revolution Book PDF

Author : Robert Baker
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1999-12-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0801861705

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The American Medical Ethics Revolution by Robert Baker Pdf

D.--from the Introduction "Canadian Bulletin of Medical History"

Observing Bioethics

Renee C. Fox,Judith P. Swazey
Observing Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Renee C. Fox,Judith P. Swazey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2008-07-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0199710988

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Observing Bioethics by Renee C. Fox,Judith P. Swazey Pdf

Observing Bioethics examines the history of bioethics as a discipline related not only to modern biology, medicine, and biotechnology, but also to the core values and beliefs of American society and its courts, legislatures, and media. The book is written from the perspective of two social scientists--a sociologist of medicine(Renee C. Fox) and a historian of medicine (Judith P. Swazey)--who have participated in bioethics since the emergence of this multidisciplinary field more than 30 years ago. Fox and Swazey draw on first-hand observations and experiences in a variety of American bioethical settings; face-to-face interviews with first- and second-generation figures in the genesis and early unfolding of bioethics; a detailed examination of the theatrical media coverage of what was considered to be a banner event in the annals of bioethics (the creation and birth of the cloned sheep, Dolly); case studies of how bioethics has internationally developed; and a large corpus of primary documents and secondary source materials. While recognizing the intellectual, moral, and sociological importance of American bioethics, Fox and Swazey are critical of its characteristics. Foremost among these are what they identify as the problems of thinking socially, culturally, and internationally in American bioethics; the 'tenuous interdisciplinarity' of the field; and the troubling extent to which the 'culture wars' have penetrated bioethics. This book will appeal to a wide range of doctors, scientists, and academics who are involved in the history and sociology of bioethics.

Rethinking Health Care Ethics

Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska
Rethinking Health Care Ethics Book PDF

Author : Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska
Publisher : Springer
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789811308307

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Rethinking Health Care Ethics by Stephen Scher,Kasia Kozlowska Pdf

​The goal of this open access book is to develop an approach to clinical health care ethics that is more accessible to, and usable by, health professionals than the now-dominant approaches that focus, for example, on the application of ethical principles. The book elaborates the view that health professionals have the emotional and intellectual resources to discuss and address ethical issues in clinical health care without needing to rely on the expertise of bioethicists. The early chapters review the history of bioethics and explain how academics from outside health care came to dominate the field of health care ethics, both in professional schools and in clinical health care. The middle chapters elaborate a series of concepts, drawn from philosophy and the social sciences, that set the stage for developing a framework that builds upon the individual moral experience of health professionals, that explains the discontinuities between the demands of bioethics and the experience and perceptions of health professionals, and that enables the articulation of a full theory of clinical ethics with clinicians themselves as the foundation. Against that background, the first of three chapters on professional education presents a general framework for teaching clinical ethics; the second discusses how to integrate ethics into formal health care curricula; and the third addresses the opportunities for teaching available in clinical settings. The final chapter, "Empowering Clinicians", brings together the various dimensions of the argument and anticipates potential questions about the framework developed in earlier chapters.

Human Dignity and Bioethics

President's Council on Bioethics (U.S.)
Human Dignity and Bioethics Book PDF

Author : President's Council on Bioethics (U.S.)
Publisher : U.S. Independent Agencies and Commissions
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123682846

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Human Dignity and Bioethics by President's Council on Bioethics (U.S.) Pdf

Contains a collection of essays exploring human dignity and bioethics, a concept crucial to today's discourse in law and ethics in general and in bioethics in particular.

Standard of Care

George J. Annas
Standard of Care Book PDF

Author : George J. Annas
Publisher : Law of American Bioethics
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Law
ISBN : 019512006X

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Standard of Care by George J. Annas Pdf

American law, not philosophy or medicine, is the major force shaping American bioethics. This is both because law at its best fosters individual rights, equality, and justice, and because violation of the legal duty or "standard of care" a physician owes a patient can lead to a malpractice suit. The law has therefore had two conflicting impacts on medical ethics: the positive effect of eroding paternalism and replacing it with a patient-centered ethic; and the negative effect of encouraging physicians to be more concerned with avoiding litigation than doing the "right" thing. Standard of Care explores the fundamental value conflicts confronting medicine and society by examining courtroom resolutions of real bioethical disputes, often of constitutional dimension. This case-based approach, which ranges from abortion to euthanasia, from AIDS to organ transplantation, from genetic research to the artificial heart and rationing, illuminates the value choices with which the power (and impotence) of medicine confronts us. George Annas urges health care professionals to go beyond the minimalist legal "standard of care" by promoting a vigorous, patient-centered medical ethics based on respect for human rights and responsibility to both patients and society. If modern medicine is to enhance human life, a reconceptualization of law as the beginning of ethical discourse, rather than as an instrument to end it, is essential. Such a discourse could enrich all our lives by helping us to articulate both a national and international agenda for human rights in health.

Bioethics in America

M. L. Tina Stevens
Bioethics in America Book PDF

Author : M. L. Tina Stevens
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2003-07-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780801874482

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Bioethics in America by M. L. Tina Stevens Pdf

In Bioethics in America, Tina Stevens challenges the view that the origins of the bioethics movement can be found in the 1960s, a decade mounting challenges to all variety of authority. Instead, Stevens sees bioethics as one more product of a "centuries-long cultural legacy of American ambivalence toward progress," and she finds its modern roots in the responsible science movement that emerged following detonation of the atomic bomb. Rather than challenging authority, she says, the bioethics movement was an aid to authority, in that it allowed medical doctors and researchers to proceed on course while bioethicists managed public fears about medicine's new technologies. That is, the public was reassured by bioethical oversight of biomedicine; in reality, however, bioethicists belonged to the same mainstream that produced the doctors and researchers whom the bioethicists were guiding. -- Robert Baker, Ph.D

The Development of Bioethics in the United States

Jeremy R. Garrett,Fabrice Jotterand,D. Christopher Ralston
The Development of Bioethics in the United States Book PDF

Author : Jeremy R. Garrett,Fabrice Jotterand,D. Christopher Ralston
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400740112

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The Development of Bioethics in the United States by Jeremy R. Garrett,Fabrice Jotterand,D. Christopher Ralston Pdf

In only four decades, bioethics has transformed from a fledgling field into a complex, rapidly expanding, multidisciplinary field of inquiry and practice. Its influence can be found not only in our intellectual and biomedical institutions, but also in almost every facet of our social, cultural, and political life. This volume maps the remarkable development of bioethics in American culture, uncovering the important historical factors that brought it into existence, analyzing its cultural, philosophical, and professional dimensions, and surveying its potential future trajectories. Bringing together a collection of original essays by seminal figures in the fields of medical ethics and bioethics, it addresses such questions as the following: - Are there precise moments, events, socio-political conditions, legal cases, and/or works of scholarship to which we can trace the emergence of bioethics as a field of inquiry in the United States? - What is the relationship between the historico-causal factors that gave birth to bioethics and the factors that sustain and encourage its continued development today? - Is it possible and/or useful to view the history of bioethics in discrete periods with well-defined boundaries? - If so, are there discernible forces that reveal why transitions occurred when they did? What are the key concepts that ultimately frame the field and how have they evolved and developed over time? - Is the field of bioethics in a period of transformation into biopolitics? Contributors include George Annas, Howard Brody, Eric J. Cassell, H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr., Edmund L. Erde, John Collins Harvey, Albert R. Jonsen, Loretta M. Kopelman, Laurence B. McCullough, Edmund D. Pellegrino, Warren T. Reich, Carson Strong, Robert M. Veatch, and Richard M. Zaner.

In Search of the Good

Daniel Callahan
In Search of the Good Book PDF

Author : Daniel Callahan
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780262305051

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In Search of the Good by Daniel Callahan Pdf

One of the founding fathers of bioethics describes the development of the field and his thinking on some of the crucial issues of our time. Daniel Callahan helped invent the field of bioethics more than forty years ago when he decided to use his training in philosophy to grapple with ethical problems in biology and medicine. Disenchanted with academic philosophy because of its analytical bent and distance from the concerns of real life, Callahan found the ethical issues raised by the rapid medical advances of the 1960s—which included the birth control pill, heart transplants, and new capacities to keep very sick people alive—to be philosophical questions with immediate real-world relevance. In this memoir, Callahan describes his part in the founding of bioethics and traces his thinking on critical issues including embryonic stem cell research, market-driven health care, and medical rationing. He identifies the major challenges facing bioethics today and ruminates on its future. Callahan writes about founding the Hastings Center—the first bioethics research institution—with the author and psychiatrist Willard Gaylin in 1969, and recounts the challenges of running a think tank while keeping up a prolific flow of influential books and articles. Editor of the famous liberal Catholic magazine Commonweal in the 1960s, Callahan describes his now-secular approach to issues of illness and mortality. He questions the idea of endless medical “progress” and interventionist end-of-life care that seems to blur the boundary between living and dying. It is the role of bioethics, he argues, to be a loyal dissenter in the onward march of medical progress. The most important challenge for bioethics now is to help rethink the very goals of medicine.

Before Bioethics

Robert Baker
Before Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Robert Baker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199774111

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Before Bioethics by Robert Baker Pdf

The first history of American medical ethics published in more than a half century, Before Bioethics tracks the evolution of American medical ethics from colonial midwives and physicians' oaths to current bioethical controversies over abortion, AIDS, animal rights, and physician-assisted suicide.

Pediatric Bioethics

Geoffrey Miller
Pediatric Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey Miller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521517980

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Pediatric Bioethics by Geoffrey Miller Pdf

This volume offers a theoretical and practical overview of the ethics of pediatric medicine. It serves as a fundamental handbook and resource for pediatricians, nurses, residents in training, graduate students, and practitioners of ethics and healthcare policy. Written by a team of leading experts, Pediatric Bioethics addresses those difficult ethical questions concerning the clinical and academic practice of pediatrics, including an approach to recognizing boundaries when confronted with issues such as end of life care, life-sustaining treatment, extreme prematurity, pharmacotherapy, and research. Thorny topics such as what constitutes best interests, personhood, or distributive justice and public health concerns such as immunization and newborn genetic screening are also addressed.

Catholic Bioethics and Social Justice

M. Therese Lysaught,Michael McCarthy
Catholic Bioethics and Social Justice Book PDF

Author : M. Therese Lysaught,Michael McCarthy
Publisher : Liturgical Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780814684795

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Catholic Bioethics and Social Justice by M. Therese Lysaught,Michael McCarthy Pdf

Catholic health care is one of the key places where the church lives Catholic social teaching (CST). Yet the individualistic methodology of Catholic bioethics inherited from the manualist tradition has yet to incorporate this critical component of the Catholic moral tradition. Informed by the places where Catholic health care intersects with the diverse societal injustices embodied in the patients it encounters, this book brings the lens of CST to bear on Catholic health care, illuminating a new spectrum of ethical issues and practical recommendations from social determinants of health, immigration, diversity and disparities, behavioral health, gender-questioning patients, and environmental and global health issues.