An Ecosystem Approach To Economic Stabilization

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An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization

Rodrick Wallace
An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317566687

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An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

The creation of economic institutions that can function well under substantial uncertainties -- Black Swans -- is analogous to the dilemmas confronting our hunter-gatherer forefathers in the face of large-scale ecological unpredictability. The ultimate solution was not the development of a super hunter-gatherer technology that could ride out repeated catastrophe, but rather the invention, in neolithic times, of culturally-adapted 'farmed' ecosystems constructed to maximize food yield and minimize risks of famine. Recent advances in evolutionary and ecosystem theory applied to economic structure and process may permit construction of both new economic theory and new tools for data analysis that can help in the design of more robust economic institutions. This may result in less frequent and less disruptive transitions, and enable the design of culturally-specific systems less affected by those that do occur. This unique and innovative book applies cutting-edge methods from cognitive science and evolutionary theory to the problem of the necessary stabilization of economic processes. At the core of this book is the establishment of a statistics-like toolbox for the study of empirical data that is consistent with generalized evolutionary approaches. This toolbox enables the construction of both new economic theories and methods of data analysis that can help in the design of more robust economic institutions. This in turn will result in less frequent and less disruptive Black Swans, and enable as well the design of culturally-specific systems less affected by those that do occur.

An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization

Rodrick Wallace
An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317566694

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An Ecosystem Approach to Economic Stabilization by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

The creation of economic institutions that can function well under substantial uncertainties -- Black Swans -- is analogous to the dilemmas confronting our hunter-gatherer forefathers in the face of large-scale ecological unpredictability. The ultimate solution was not the development of a super hunter-gatherer technology that could ride out repeated catastrophe, but rather the invention, in neolithic times, of culturally-adapted 'farmed' ecosystems constructed to maximize food yield and minimize risks of famine. Recent advances in evolutionary and ecosystem theory applied to economic structure and process may permit construction of both new economic theory and new tools for data analysis that can help in the design of more robust economic institutions. This may result in less frequent and less disruptive transitions, and enable the design of culturally-specific systems less affected by those that do occur. This unique and innovative book applies cutting-edge methods from cognitive science and evolutionary theory to the problem of the necessary stabilization of economic processes. At the core of this book is the establishment of a statistics-like toolbox for the study of empirical data that is consistent with generalized evolutionary approaches. This toolbox enables the construction of both new economic theories and methods of data analysis that can help in the design of more robust economic institutions. This in turn will result in less frequent and less disruptive Black Swans, and enable as well the design of culturally-specific systems less affected by those that do occur.

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Local and Regional Policy and Management

Heidi Wittmer,Haripriya Gundimeda
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Local and Regional Policy and Management Book PDF

Author : Heidi Wittmer,Haripriya Gundimeda
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136344596

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Local and Regional Policy and Management by Heidi Wittmer,Haripriya Gundimeda Pdf

In this volume of the TEEB (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity) publication series, the key concepts of the project are applied to local and regional policy and public management. The aim is to show that by taking nature's benefits into account, decision makers can promote local development to ensure human well-being and economic growth and stability, while maintaining environmental sustainability. The book explores the potential for local development provided by an approach based on nature. It offers examples of successful implementation of this approach from across the world, highlighting the importance of local decision making in management and planning. It provides tools and practical guidance for reform, and throughout the volume the economic benefits of environmental consideration at a local level are expounded. This book is intended to offer inspiration and practical suggestions for the improvement and sustainable management of the environment and human well-being. The local aspect of this book complements the focus of the previous three volumes, completing the set to provide a comprehensive approach to simultaneously improving and maintaining economic and environmental stability, as well as human well-being.

Computational Psychiatry

Rodrick Wallace
Computational Psychiatry Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319539102

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Computational Psychiatry by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

This book explores mental disorders from a uniquely evolutionary perspective. Although there have been many attempts to mathematically model neural processes and, to some extent, their dysfunction, there is very little literature that models mental function within a sociocultural, socioeconomic, and environmental context. Addressing this gap in the extant literature, this book explores essential aspects of mental disorders, recognizing the ubiquitous role played by the exaptation of crosstalk between cognitive modules at many different scales and levels of organization, the missing heritability of complex diseases, and cultural epigenetics. Further, it introduces readers to valuable control theory tools that permit the exploration of the environmental induction of neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the study of the synergism between culture, psychopathology and sleep disorders, offering a distinctively unique resource.

Cognitive Dynamics on Clausewitz Landscapes

Rodrick Wallace
Cognitive Dynamics on Clausewitz Landscapes Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030264246

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Cognitive Dynamics on Clausewitz Landscapes by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

This book applies cutting-edge methods from cognitive and evolutionary theories to develop models of conflict between hierarchically-structured cognitive entities under circumstances of imprecision, uncertainty and stress. Characterized as friction and the fog-of-war by the Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz, such conditions impair institutional cognition in real-time conflict and pose a real and continuing threat to organizations, such as the US military. In a linked collection of formal essays and a mathematical appendix, the book explores different aspects of cognitive and evolutionary process as conducted under the direction of doctrine that acts as a kind of genome for retention of what is learned through Lamarckian evolutionary selection pressures: armies and corporate entities learn from conflict, and incorporate that learning into their ongoing procedures. The book proposes models and policy solutions for strategic competence. A central feature of the book is a formal description of the famous OODA loop of the US military theorist John Boyd in terms of the Data Rate Theorem that links control and information theories. That description is expanded to cover more fully the impact of stochastic fog-of-war effects on tactical and operational scales of conflict. Subsequent chapters examine in more detail the role of doctrine, and the particular effect of embedding culture on cognitive and Lamarckian evolutionary processes associated with conflict on tactical, operational, and strategic scales and levels of organization. A scientifically sophisticated exercise in applied mathematics, history, evolutionary theory, and ecosystem theory, this book will be appropriate for researchers and students interested in defense, security, and international relations, as well as non-academic career professionals in government and industry.

A New Economic Theory of Public Support for the Arts

Arnaldo Barone
A New Economic Theory of Public Support for the Arts Book PDF

Author : Arnaldo Barone
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317428633

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A New Economic Theory of Public Support for the Arts by Arnaldo Barone Pdf

Should the arts receive public support? Can the arts survive in a modern capitalist society? Can economics shed light on the nature of public support, and whether there is a rationale for public intervention? This book undertakes to examine these questions as it explores the ways government and public resources are used to support the arts. This book applies a Veblenian approach to understanding economic development to investigate public support for the arts in an effort to determine whether this approach can elucidate economic rationales for public support. Divided into three parts, the first provides basic information on public support for the arts by surveying support in the United States and Australia. Part two includes a neoclassical overview of the topic while part three presents Veblen’s ideas on economic development. This book will be of interests to researchers concerned with cultural and institutional economics, as well as political economy.

The Law and Policy of Ecosystem Services

J. B. Ruhl,Steven E. Kraft,Christopher L. Lant
The Law and Policy of Ecosystem Services Book PDF

Author : J. B. Ruhl,Steven E. Kraft,Christopher L. Lant
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 1597267694

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The Law and Policy of Ecosystem Services by J. B. Ruhl,Steven E. Kraft,Christopher L. Lant Pdf

The Law and Policy of Ecosystem Services is the first comprehensive exploration of the status and future of natural capital and ecosystem services in American law and policy. The book develops a framework for thinking about ecosystem services across their ecologic, geographic, economic, social, and legal dimensions and evaluates the prospects of crafting a legal infrastructure that can help build an ecosystem service economy that is as robust as existing economies for manufactured goods, natural resource commodities, and human-provided services. The book examines the geographic, ecological, and economic context of ecosystem services and provides a baseline of the current status of ecosystem services in law and society. It identifies shortcomings of current law and policy and the critical areas for improvement and forges an approach for the design of new law and policy for ecosystem services. Included are a series of nine empirical case studies that explore the problems caused by society’s failure to properly value natural capital. Among the case study topics considered are water issues, The Conservation Reserve Program, the National Conservation Buffer Initiative, the agricultural policy of the European Union, wetland mitigation, and pollution trading. The Law and Policy of Ecosystem Services is a groundbreaking look at the question of whether and how law and policy can shape a sustainable system of ecosystem service management. It is an accessible and informative work for faculty, students, and policy makers concerned with ecology, economics, geography, political science, environmental studies, law, and related fields.

Politics, Hierarchy, and Public Health

Deborah Wallace,Rodrick Wallace
Politics Hierarchy and Public Health Book PDF

Author : Deborah Wallace,Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000005264

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Politics, Hierarchy, and Public Health by Deborah Wallace,Rodrick Wallace Pdf

Steep socioeconomic hierarchy in post-industrial Western society threatens public health because of the physiological consequences of material and psychosocial insecurities and deprivations. Following on from their previous books, the authors continue their exploration of the geography of early mortality from age-related chronic conditions, of risk behaviors and their health outcomes, and of infant and child mortality, all due to rigid hierarchy. They divide the 50 states into those that gave their electoral college votes to Trump and those that gave theirs to Clinton in the 2016 presidential election and compare the two sets for socioeconomic and public health profiles. They deliberately apply only simple standard statistical methods in the public health analyses: t-test, Mann-Whitney test, bivariate regression, and backward stepwise multivariate regression. The book assumes familiarity with basic statistics. The authors argue that the unequal power relations that result in eroding public health in the nation and, in particular, in the Trump-voting states, largely cascade from the collapse of American industry, and they analyze the Cold War roots of that collapse. In two largely independent chapters on economics, they explore both the suppression of countervailing forces, such as organized labor, and the diversion of technical resources to the military as essential foundations to the population-level suffering that expressed itself in the 2016 presidential election. This interdisciplinary book has several primary audiences: creators of public policies, such as legislators and governmental staff, public health professionals and social epidemiologists, economists, labor union professionals, civil rights advocates, political scientists, historians, and students of these disciplines from public health through the social sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Varieties of Economic Inequality

Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico
Varieties of Economic Inequality Book PDF

Author : Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317402145

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Varieties of Economic Inequality by Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico Pdf

Recently, the issue of inequality has regained attention in economic and political debates. Although this interest is welcome, the debate is still mostly focused on income or wealth distribution, which is an important aspect but does not present a complete view of inequality. Most of the theoretical and empirical studies produced by economists concern personal income distribution or factor income distribution. This is more evident in the studies of the evolution and characteristics of contemporary capitalism and globalization. Varieties of Economic Inequality considers both theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence of aspects such as income, gender, race, technology, power, region, education and class. Ultimately, this text rejects the idea of supposed long run constant factor shares, the positive effects of inequality and the greater importance of absolute level of income compared to its unequal distribution, and instead reveals the structural inequalities that exist within societies. This book advocates a move away from the focusing on inequality at the level of the individual and suggests policy for eradicating these various forms of inequality. It is suitable for those who study political economy, social inequality as well as economic theory and philosophy.

The Economic Crisis in Social and Institutional Context

Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico
The Economic Crisis in Social and Institutional Context Book PDF

Author : Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317617426

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The Economic Crisis in Social and Institutional Context by Sebastiano Fadda,Pasquale Tridico Pdf

This book explores the foundations of the current economic crisis. Offering a heterodox approach to interpretation it examines the policies implemented before and during the crisis, and the main institutions that shaped the model of advanced economies, particularly in the last two decades. The first part of the book provides a theoretical analysis of the crisis. The roots of the ‘great recession’ are divided into fundamentals with origins in financial liberalisation, financial innovation and income distribution, and complementary or contributory factors such as the international imbalances, the monetary policy,and the role of credit rating agencies. Part II suggests various paths to recovery while emphasising that it will be necessary to develop alternative strategies for sustainable economic recovery and growth. These strategies will require genuine political support and a new 'great European vision' to address major issues concerning the EU such as unemployment, structural regional differences and federalism. Drawing on various schools of thought, this book explains the complexities of the crisis through a wider evolutionary-institutional and heterodox framework.

Reclaiming Pluralism in Economics

Jerry Courvisanos,James Doughney,Alex Millmow
Reclaiming Pluralism in Economics Book PDF

Author : Jerry Courvisanos,James Doughney,Alex Millmow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-03-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317359869

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Reclaiming Pluralism in Economics by Jerry Courvisanos,James Doughney,Alex Millmow Pdf

Until the end of the early 1970s, from a history of economic thought perspective, the mainstream in economics was pluralist, but once neoclassical economics became totally dominant it claimed the mainstream as its own. Since then, alternative views and schools of economics increasingly became minorities in the discipline and were considered ‘heterodox’. This book is in honour of John Edward King who has an impressive publication record in the area of economic theory with specific interest in how economic thought in the past shapes current economic theory and enforces certain paths of economic policy and economic development. This book is divided into five themes based on King’s interests. The first theme looks at the challenge in trying to reclaim pluralism in economics. The second faces head-on the direct collision of mainstream economics with history of economic thought and heterodox economics. The third addresses classical economic ideas, their central influence in the past and how they can still primarily guide modern pluralist economics. The fourth examines Post Keynesian and Kaleckian economics with a view to providing a more coherent and extensive branch of heterodox economics. The final theme critiques the policy of neoliberalism that has entrenched itself in capitalist economies which have led to financial, industrial, labour, and behavioural/consumerist crises. This text aims to provide a clear path for pluralism to serve the economics discipline as its standard bearer, and to no longer be merely a heterodox challenge to the mainstream. This book is of interest to those who study history of economic thought, political economy and heterodox economics.

Advancing the Frontiers of Heterodox Economics

Tae-Hee Jo,Zdravka Todorova
Advancing the Frontiers of Heterodox Economics Book PDF

Author : Tae-Hee Jo,Zdravka Todorova
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317912477

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Advancing the Frontiers of Heterodox Economics by Tae-Hee Jo,Zdravka Todorova Pdf

This collection of essays honors the life and work of one of the most prominent and fervent heterodox economists, Frederic S. Lee, who has been at the heart of the heterodox economics movements for the past three decades. Authors in this book demonstrate that heterodox economic has transcended the criticism of mainstream economics and, more importantly, that constructive developments are in the making by way of cross-communications among various heterodox economics traditions. Frederic S. Lee’s contributions to heterodox economics are centered on three themes: the making of a history and identity of heterodox economics, heterodox microeconomics, and the heterodox analysis of social provisioning. Part I addresses the importance of history, theory, research methods, and institutions in the making of the identity of heterodox economics as an alternative to mainstream economics. Part II delves into heterodox microeconomic theories—in particular, investment, pricing, competition, markets, and market governance—as foundations of heterodox macroeconomic analyses. Part III expands the analysis of the capitalist social provisioning process with an emphasis on its subsystems and their relationships over historical time. Part IV encapsulates the life and work of Frederic S. Lee. Throughout his intellectual life Frederic S. Lee has shown to many that the development of heterodox economics is rendered possible by unselfish and ceaseless efforts to build both theory and institutions. Essays in this book attest that establishing an alternative critical theory to the status quo is not only possible but also serviceable to the majority of the population.

Marx, Veblen, and the Foundations of Heterodox Economics

Tae-Hee Jo,Frederic Lee
Marx Veblen and the Foundations of Heterodox Economics Book PDF

Author : Tae-Hee Jo,Frederic Lee
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317631453

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Marx, Veblen, and the Foundations of Heterodox Economics by Tae-Hee Jo,Frederic Lee Pdf

John F. Henry is an eminent economist who has made important contributions to heterodox economics drawing on Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Thorstein Veblen, and John Maynard Keynes. His historical approach offers radical insights into the evolution of ideas (ideologies and theories) giving rise to and/or induced by the changes in capitalist society. Essays collected in this festschrift not only evaluate John Henry’s contributions in connection to Marx’s and Veblen’s theories, but also apply them to the socio-economic issues in the 21st century. In Part I leading heterodox economists in the traditions of Marxism, Post Keynesianism, and Institutionalism critically examine Marx’s and Veblen’s theoretical frameworks (and their connections to each other) that have become the foundations of heterodox economics. Chapters in Part II showcase alternative theoretical explanations inspired by Marx, Veblen, and Henry. Topics in this Part include financial crisis, financialization, capital accumulation, economics teaching, and the historical relationship between money and class society. Part III is devoted to John Henry’s heterodox economics encapsulated in his "farewell" lecture, interview, and bibliography. Essays in this book, individually and collectively, make an important point that the history of economic thought (or historical analysis of economic theory and policy) is an integral part of developing heterodox economics as an alternative theoretical framework. Anyone who is troubled by the recurring failure of capitalism as well as mainstream economics will find this book well worth reading.

Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution

Rodrick Wallace
Carl von Clausewitz the Fog of War and the AI Revolution Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319746333

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Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

The language of business is the language of dreams, but the language of war is the language of nightmare made real. Yet business dreams of driverless cars on intelligent roads, and of other real-time critical systems under the control of algorithmic entities, have much of war about them. Such systems, including military institutions at the tactical, operational and strategic scales, act on rapidly-shifting roadway topologies whose ‘traffic rules’ can rapidly change. War is never without both casualty and collateral damage, and realtime critical systems of any nature will inevitably partake of fog-of-war and frictional challenges almost exactly similar to those that have made warfare intractable for modern states. Into the world of Carl von Clausewitz, John Boyd, Mao Tse-Tung, Vo Nguyen Giap and Genghis Khan, come the brash, bright-eyed techies of Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, and Uber who forthrightly step in where a phalanx of angels has not feared to tread, but treaded badly indeed. In this book we use cutting-edge tools from information and control theories to examine canonical and idiosyncratic failure modes of real-time cognitive systems facing fog-of-war and frictional constraints. In sum, nobody ever navigates, or can navigate, the landscapes of Carl von Clausewitz unscathed.

Trust and Economics

Yanlong Zhang
Trust and Economics Book PDF

Author : Yanlong Zhang
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317506232

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Trust and Economics by Yanlong Zhang Pdf

A lot of recent attention has been given to one of the central paradoxes of trust: namely how people can restrict self-interest in order to trust. Existing perspectives, theories, and models offer partial explanations, but this volume presents a novel framework that expands on the findings of recent studies of trust and exchange. This book offers a new angle for the understanding of exchange and trust in an interactive context, describes the interactive characteristics of trust in exchange systems, and develops a theory explaining the co-evolution of trust and exchange systems. A new framework is used to incorporate the theory of systems of trust and evolutionary game-theoretical approach to investigate four important questions: How can trust emerge in exchange when people pursue self-interest? After its emergence, how does exchange affect trust in a dynamic process? When are dynamics of trust stable? Do interactive trust phenomena differ under different exchange systems? This book concludes with a discussion of the implications of the theoretical findings for three areas: the improvement of trust, potential economic growth, and mechanism design in exchange systems. This volume makes a significant contribution to the literature on evolutionary and institutional economics and is suitable for those who have an interest in political economy, economy theory and philosophy as well as economic psychology.