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Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery
ISBN : UIUC:30112101556030
Author : James E. Zimmerman
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0266804950
Excerpt from Applications of Closed-Cycle Cryocoolers to Small Superconducting Devices In spite of great scientific strides over the 1ast century, the refrigeration prin cip1es used today are, for the most part, the same as those used for the 1ast century. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author : Thomas M. Flynn,James Edward Zimmerman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery
ISBN : OCLC:3839040
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery
ISBN : UCR:31210025449925
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 654 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Cryotrons
ISBN : IND:30000089142248
Author : Ben-Zion Maytal,John M. Pfotenhauer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441982858
This book is the first in English being entirely dedicated to Miniature Joule-Thomson Cryocooling. The category of Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocoolers takes us back to the roots of cryogenics, in 1895, with figures like Linde and Hampson. The "cold finger" of these cryocoolers is compact, lacks moving parts, and sustains a large heat flux extraction at a steady temperature. Potentially, they cool down unbeatably fast. For example, cooling to below 100 K (minus 173 Celsius) might be accomplished within only a few seconds by liquefying argon. A level of about 120 K can be reached almost instantly with krypton. Indeed, the species of coolant plays a central role dictating the size, the intensity and the level of cryocooling. It is the JT effect that drives these cryocoolers and reflects the deviation of the "real" gas from the ideal gas properties. The nine chapters of the book are arranged in five parts. •The Common Principle of Cyrocoolers shared across the broad variety of cryocooler types •Theoretical Aspects: the JT effect and its inversion, cooling potential of coolants, the liquefaction process, sizing of heat exchangers, level of pressurization, discharge of pressure vessels • Practical Aspects: modes of operation (fast cooldown, continuous, multi-staging, hybrid cryocoolers), pressure sources, configuration, construction and technologies, flow adjustment, MEMS, open and closed cycle, cooldown process and similarity, transient behavior • Mixed Coolant cryocooling: theory, practice and applications • Special Topics: real gas choked flow rates, gas purity, clog formation, optimal fixed orifice, modeling, cryosurgical devices, warming by the inverse JT effect The theoretical aspects may be of interest not only to those working with cryocoolers but also for others with a general interest in "real" gas thermodynamics, such as, for example, the inversion of the JT effect in its differential and integral forms, and the exceptional behavior of the quantum gases. A detailed list of references for each chapter comprises a broad literature survey. It consists of more than 1,200 relevant publications and 450 related patents. The systematically organized content, arranged under a thorough hierarchy of headings, supported by 227 figures and 41 tables, and accompanied by various chronological notes of evolution, enables readers a friendly interaction with the book. Dr. Ben-Zion Maytal is a Senior Researcher at Rafael-Advanced Defense Systems, Ltd., and an Adjunct Senior Teaching Fellow at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Prof. John M. Pfotenhauer holds a joint appointment in the Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Physics at the University of Wisconsin - Madison.
Author : H. Weinstock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401707527
This book, in essence the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute with the same title, is designed to provide in-depth coverage of many, but not all, of the major current applications of superconductivity, and of many that still are being developed. It will be of value to scientists and engineers who have interests in the research and production aspects of the technology, as well as in the applications themselves. The ftrst three chapters (by Clarke, Vrba and Wikswo) are devoted to an understanding of the principles, fabrication and uses of SQUID magnetometers and gradiometers, with the greatest emphasis on biomagnetism and nondestructive evaluation (NDE). For the most part, traditional low-temperature superconductor (LTS) SQUIDs are used, but particularly for NDE, high-temperature superconductor (HTS) SQUIDs are proving useful and often more convenient. The succeeding three chapters (by Przybysz, Likharev and Chaloupka) cover broader aspects of superconducting electronics. The ftrst two of these deal primarily with digital L TS circuits, while the third discusses in great detail passive component applications using HTS materials. Currently, HTS ftlters are undergoing intense J3-site testing at cellular telephone base stations. While it is clear that HTS ftlters outperform conventional ftlters in reducing signal loss and allowing for more channels in a given bandwidth, it isn't yet certain that the cellular telephone industry sees sufficient economic beneftts to make a ftrm decision to use HTS ftlters universally in its systems. If this application is generally adapted, the market for these ftlters should be quite large.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Weights and measures
ISBN : STANFORD:36105130366144
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 702 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UOM:39015079557255
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCAL:B4280894
Author : National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UIUC:30112101561287
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UOM:39015077586496
Author : James Edward Zimmerman,Donald Barrett Sullivan,S. E. McCarthy,United States. National Bureau of Standards,National Engineering Laboratory (U.S.). Electromagnetic Technology Division
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery
ISBN : UCR:31210023557141
Author : Hans-D. Hahlbohm,Heinz Lübbig
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 1296 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110862393