Atomistics Of Fracture

Author : R.M. Latanison,J.R. Pickens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1043 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461335009

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Atomistics of Fracture by R.M. Latanison,J.R. Pickens Pdf

It is now more than 100 years since certain detrimental effects on the ductility of iron were first associated with the presence of hydrogen. Not only is hydrogen embrittlement still a major industri al problem, but it is safe to say that in a mechanistic sense we still do not know what hydrogen (but not nitrogen or oxygen, for example) does on an atomic scale to induce this degradation. The same applies to other examples of environmentally-induced fracture: what is it about the ubiquitous chloride ion that induces premature catastrophic fracture (stress corrosion cracking) of ordinarily ductile austenitic stainless steels? Why, moreover, are halide ions troublesome but the nitrate or sulfate anions not deleterious to such stainless steels? Likewise, why are some solid metals embrit tled catastrophically by same liquid metals (liquid metal embrit tlement) - copper and aluminum, for example, are embrittled by liquid mercury. In short, despite all that we may know about the materials science and mechanics of fracture on a macroscopic scale, we know little about the atomistics of fracture in the absence of environmental interactions and even less when embrittlement phe nomena such as those described above are involved. On the other hand, it is interesting to note that physical chemists and surface chemists also have interests in the same kinds of interactions that occur on an atomic scale when metals such as nickel or platinum are used, for example, as catalysts for chemical reactions.

Author : Markus J. Buehler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2008-08-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387764269

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Atomistic Modeling of Materials Failure by Markus J. Buehler Pdf

This is an introduction to molecular and atomistic modeling techniques applied to fracture and deformation of solids, focusing on a variety of brittle, ductile, geometrically confined and biological materials. The overview includes computational methods and techniques operating at the atomic scale, and describes how these techniques can be used to model cracks and other deformation mechanisms. The book aims to make new molecular modeling techniques available to a wider community.

Author : M. Rühle,A.G. Evans,J.P. Hirth,Michael F. Ashby
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483287461

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Metal-Ceramic Interfaces by M. Rühle,A.G. Evans,J.P. Hirth,Michael F. Ashby Pdf

As engineering materials and structures often contain a metal or metallic alloy bonded to a ceramic, the resultant interface must be able to sustain mechanical forces without failure. They also play an important role in oxidation or reduction of materials. The workshop on 'Bonding, Structure and Mechanical Properties of Metal/Ceramic Interfaces' was held in January 1989 within the Acta/Scripta Metallurgica conference series. It drew together an international collection of 70 scientists who discussed a wide range of issues related to metal-ceramic interfaces. The sessions were divided into 7 categories: structure and bonding, chemistry at interfaces, formation of interfaces, structure of interfaces, thermodynamics/atomistics of interface fracture, mechanics of interface cracks, and fracture resistance of bimaterial interfaces. Within these headings attention was paid to grain boundaries, the influence of chemical processes on the behaviour of interfaces, diffusion bonding, characterization of fracture, and crack propagation by fatigue and by stress corrosion. The book presents a useful reference source for materials scientists, physicists, chemists, and mechanical engineers who are concerned with the roles and properties of interfaces.

Author : Louis Raymond
Publisher : ASTM International
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Metals
ISBN : 9780803109599

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Hydrogen Embrittlement by Louis Raymond Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1384 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UFL:31262082079947

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Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by Anonim Pdf

Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Mechanics, Applied
ISBN : UCAL:C2682441

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Applied Mechanics Reviews by Anonim Pdf

Author : R.M. Latanision,R.H. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400936652

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Chemistry and Physics of Fracture by R.M. Latanision,R.H. Jones Pdf

For many years it has been recognized that engineering materials that are-tough and ductile can be rendered susceptible to premature fracture through their reaction with the environment. Over 100 years ago, Reynolds associated hydrogen with detrimental effects on the ductility of iron. The "season cracking" of brass has been a known problem for dec ades, but the mechanisms for this stress-corrosion process are only today being elucidated. In more recent times, the mechanical properties of most engineering materials have been shown to be adversely affected by hydrogen embrittlement or stress-corrosion cracking. Early studies of environmental effects on crack growth attempted to identify a unified theory to explain the crack growth behavior of groups of materials in a variety of environments. It is currently understood that there are numerous stress-corrosion processes some of which may be common to several materials, but that the crack growth behavior of a given material is dependent on microstructure, microchemistry, mechanics, surface chemistry, and solution chemistry. Although the mechanism by which various chemical species in the environment may cause cracks to propagate in some materials but not in others is very complex, the net result of all environmentally induced fracture is the reduction in the force and energy associated with the tensile or shear separation of atoms at the crack tip.

Author : Markku Tilli,Mervi Paulasto-Krockel,Veli-Matti Airaksinen,Sami Franssila,Veikko Lindroos,Ari Lehto,Teruaki Motooka
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 668 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-12-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0815519885

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Handbook of Silicon Based MEMS Materials and Technologies by Markku Tilli,Mervi Paulasto-Krockel,Veli-Matti Airaksinen,Sami Franssila,Veikko Lindroos,Ari Lehto,Teruaki Motooka Pdf

A comprehensive guide to MEMS materials, technologies and manufacturing, examining the state of the art with a particular emphasis on current and future applications. Key topics covered include: Silicon as MEMS material Material properties and measurement techniques Analytical methods used in materials characterization Modeling in MEMS Measuring MEMS Micromachining technologies in MEMS Encapsulation of MEMS components Emerging process technologies, including ALD and porous silicon Written by 73 world class MEMS contributors from around the globe, this volume covers materials selection as well as the most important process steps in bulk micromachining, fulfilling the needs of device design engineers and process or development engineers working in manufacturing processes. It also provides a comprehensive reference for the industrial R&D and academic communities. Veikko Lindroos is Professor of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science at Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. Markku Tilli is Senior Vice President of Research at Okmetic, Vantaa, Finland. Ari Lehto is Professor of Silicon Technology at Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. Teruaki Motooka is Professor at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan. Provides vital packaging technologies and process knowledge for silicon direct bonding, anodic bonding, glass frit bonding, and related techniques Shows how to protect devices from the environment and decrease package size for dramatic reduction of packaging costs Discusses properties, preparation, and growth of silicon crystals and wafers Explains the many properties (mechanical, electrostatic, optical, etc), manufacturing, processing, measuring (incl. focused beam techniques), and multiscale modeling methods of MEMS structures

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Corrosion and anti-corrosives
ISBN : WISC:89038808374

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Mechanical and Corrosion Properties by Anonim Pdf

Author : Akarsh Verma,Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa,Shigenobu Ogata,Suchart Siengchin
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811930928

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Forcefields for Atomistic-Scale Simulations: Materials and Applications by Akarsh Verma,Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa,Shigenobu Ogata,Suchart Siengchin Pdf

This book describes the forcefields/interatomic potentials that are used in the atomistic-scale and molecular dynamics simulations. It covers mechanisms, salient features, formulations, important aspects and case studies of various forcefields utilized for characterizing various materials (such as nuclear materials and nanomaterials) and applications. This book gives many help to students and researchers who are studying the forcefield potentials and introduces various applications of atomistic-scale simulations to professors who are researching molecular dynamics.

Author : Kenny B. Lipkowitz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470890899

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Reviews in Computational Chemistry, Volume 27 by Kenny B. Lipkowitz Pdf

This volume, like those prior to it, features chapters by experts in various fields of computational chemistry. Volume 27 covers brittle fracture, molecular detailed simulations of lipid bilayers, semiclassical bohmian dynamics, dissipative particle dynamics, trajectory-based rare event simulations, and understanding metal/metal electrical contact conductance from the atomic to continuum scales. Also included is a chapter on career opportunities in computational chemistry and an appendix listing the e-mail addresses of more than 2500 people in that discipline. FROM REVIEWS OF THE SERIES "Reviews in Computational Chemistry remains the most valuable reference to methods and techniques in computational chemistry." —JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS AND MODELLING "One cannot generally do better than to try to find an appropriate article in the highly successful Reviews in Computational Chemistry. The basic philosophy of the editors seems to be to help the authors produce chapters that are complete, accurate, clear, and accessible to experimentalists (in particular) and other nonspecialists (in general)." —JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1997-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080865151

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Solid State Physics by Anonim Pdf

Solid State Physics, Volume 51 continues the serial's tradition of excellence by focusing on the optical and electronic properties and applications of semiconductors. All of the topics in this volume are at the cutting-edge of research in the semiconductor field and will be of great interest to the scientific community.

Author : Brian Lawn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-01-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0511623127

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Fracture of Brittle Solids by Brian Lawn Pdf

This is an advanced text for higher degree materials science students and researchers concerned with the strength of highly brittle covalent-ionic solids, principally ceramics. It is a reconstructed and greatly expanded edition of a book first published in 1975. The book presents a unified continuum, microstructural and atomistic treatment of modern day fracture mechanics from a materials perspective. Particular attention is directed to the basic elements of bonding and microstructure that govern the intrinsic toughness of ceramics. These elements hold the key to the future of ceramics as high-technology materials--to make brittle solids strong, we must first understand what makes them weak. The underlying theme of the book is the fundamental Griffith energy-balance concept of crack propagation. The early chapters develop fracture mechanics from the traditional continuum perspective, with attention to linear and nonlinear crack-tip fields, equilibrium and non-equilibrium crack states. It then describes the atomic structure of sharp cracks, the topical subject of crack-microstructure interactions in ceramics, with special focus on the concepts of crack-tip shielding and crack-resistance curves, and finally deals with indentation fracture, flaws and structural reliability.

Author : Sidney Yip
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2903 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402032868

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Handbook of Materials Modeling by Sidney Yip Pdf

The first reference of its kind in the rapidly emerging field of computational approachs to materials research, this is a compendium of perspective-providing and topical articles written to inform students and non-specialists of the current status and capabilities of modelling and simulation. From the standpoint of methodology, the development follows a multiscale approach with emphasis on electronic-structure, atomistic, and mesoscale methods, as well as mathematical analysis and rate processes. Basic models are treated across traditional disciplines, not only in the discussion of methods but also in chapters on crystal defects, microstructure, fluids, polymers and soft matter. Written by authors who are actively participating in the current development, this collection of 150 articles has the breadth and depth to be a major contributor toward defining the field of computational materials. In addition, there are 40 commentaries by highly respected researchers, presenting various views that should interest the future generations of the community. Subject Editors: Martin Bazant, MIT; Bruce Boghosian, Tufts University; Richard Catlow, Royal Institution; Long-Qing Chen, Pennsylvania State University; William Curtin, Brown University; Tomas Diaz de la Rubia, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Nicolas Hadjiconstantinou, MIT; Mark F. Horstemeyer, Mississippi State University; Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University; L. Mahadevan, Harvard University; Dimitrios Maroudas, University of Massachusetts; Nicola Marzari, MIT; Horia Metiu, University of California Santa Barbara; Gregory C. Rutledge, MIT; David J. Srolovitz, Princeton University; Bernhardt L. Trout, MIT; Dieter Wolf, Argonne National Laboratory.

Author : Peter Gumbsch,Reinhard Pippan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2011-01-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783709102831

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Multiscale Modelling of Plasticity and Fracture by Means of Dislocation Mechanics by Peter Gumbsch,Reinhard Pippan Pdf

The latest state of simulation techniques to model plasticity and fracture in crystalline materials on the nano- and microscale is presented. Discrete dislocation mechanics and the neighbouring fields molecular dynamics and crystal plasticity are central parts. The physical phenomena, the theoretical basics, their mathematical description and the simulation techniques are introduced and important problems from the formation of dislocation structures to fatigue and fracture from the nano- to microscale as well as it’s impact on the macro behaviour are considered.