Atoms And Molecules In Strong External Fields

Author : P. Schmelcher,W. Schweizer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306470745

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Atoms and Molecules in Strong External Fields by P. Schmelcher,W. Schweizer Pdf

This book contains contributions to the 172. WE-Heraeus-Seminar “Atoms and Molecules in Strong External Fields,” which took place April 7–11 1997 at the Phys- zentrum Bad Honnef (Germany). The designation “strong fields” applies to external static magnetic, and/or electric fields that are sufficiently intense to cause alterations in the atomic or molecular str- ture and dynamics. The specific topics treated are the behavior and properties of atoms in strong static fields, the fundamental aspects and electronic structure of molecules in strong magnetic fields, the dynamics and aspects of chaos in highly excited R- berg atoms in external fields, matter in the atmosphere of astrophysical objects (white dwarfs, neutron stars), and quantum nanostructures in strong magnetic fields. It is obvious that the elaboration of the corresponding properties in these regimes causes the greatest difficulties, and is incomplete even today. Present-day technology has made it possible for many research groups to study the behavior of matter in strong external fields, both experimentally and theore- cally, where the phrase “experimentally” includes the astronomical observations. - derstanding these systems requires the development of modern theories and powerful computational techniques. Interdisciplinary collaborations will be helpful and useful in developing more efficient methods to understand these important systems. Hence the idea was to bring together people from different fields like atomic and molecular physics, theoretical chemistry, astrophysics and all those colleagues interested in aspects of few-body systems in external fields.

Author : Mitchel Weissbluth
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 730 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323142946

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Atoms and Molecules by Mitchel Weissbluth Pdf

Atoms and Molecules describes the basic properties of atoms and molecules in terms of group theoretical methods in atomic and molecular physics. The book reviews mathematical concepts related to angular momentum properties, finite and continuous rotation groups, tensor operators, the Wigner-Eckart theorem, vector fields, and vector spherical harmonics. The text also explains quantum mechanics, including symmetry considerations, second quantization, density matrices, time-dependent, and time-independent approximation methods. The book explains atomic structure, particularly the Dirac equation in which its nonrelativistic approximation provides the basis for the derivation of the Hamiltonians for all important interactions, such as spin-orbit, external fields, hyperfine. Along with multielectron atoms, the text discusses multiplet theory, the Hartree-Fock formulation, as well as the electromagnetic radiation fields, their interactions with atoms in first and higher orders. The book explores molecules and complexes, including the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, molecular orbitals, the self-consistent field method, electronic states, vibrational and rotational states, molecular spectra, and the ligand field theory. The book can prove useful for graduate or advanced students and academicians in the field of general and applied physics.

Author : C.A. Nicolaides,Charles W. Clark,Munir H. Nayfeh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475793345

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Atoms in Strong Fields by C.A. Nicolaides,Charles W. Clark,Munir H. Nayfeh Pdf

This book collects the lectures given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Atoms in Strong Fields", which took place on the island of Kos, Greece, during the two weeks of October 9-21,1988. The designation "strong field" applies here to an external electromagnetic field that is sufficiently strong to cause highly nonlinear alterations in atomic or molecular struc ture and dynamics. The specific topics treated in this volume fall into two general cater gories, which are those for which strong field effects can be studied in detail in terrestrial laboratories: the dynamics of excited states in static or quasi-static electric and magnetic fields; and the interaction of atoms and molecules with intense laser radiation. In both areas there exist promising opportunities for research of a fundamental nature. An electric field of even a few volts per centimeter can be very strong on the atom ic scale, if it acts upon a weakly bound state. The study of Rydberg states with high reso lution laser spectroscopic techniques has made it possible to follow the transition from weak-field to strong-field behavior in remarkable detail, using static fields of modest lab oratory strength; in the course of this transition the atomic system evolves from one which can be thoroughly understood in terms of field-free quantum numbers, to one which cannot be meaningfully associated at all with the zero-field states of the atom.

Author : Man Mohan
Publisher : Alpha Science International, Limited
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electric fields
ISBN : UCLA:L0101300523

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Atoms and Molecules in Laser and External Fields by Man Mohan Pdf

The recent evolution of lasers and other external field (e.g. Synchrotron radiation, strong electric and magnetic fields) sources is opening up new frontiers of science which cover explorations in broad areas ranging from atomic, molecular and optical physics (AMOP) to nuclear fusion and high energy particle physics; even further to astrophysics and cosmology. Atomic and molecular dynamics is being explored at the femto and near atto- second time scale. Ultra-intense laser and other external fields attracting vigorous attention and interest from the view point of their control. The topics covered in the book are: Applications of ultra-intense ultra-short pulse lasers; Atoms, molecules and clusters in strong laser and other external fields; high field chemistry; high harmonic generation (HHG), X-ray generation by laser matter interactions and their applications, collisions in laser fields, relativistic particle generation and acceleration by super-strong laser plasma interactions etc.

Author : Frank Grossmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540778974

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Theoretical Femtosecond Physics by Frank Grossmann Pdf

This volume offers theoretical investigations of atoms and molecules interacting with pulsed or continuous wave lasers. Theoretical background is included, and the text incorporates several exercises. Additional calculations are performed in the appendices.

Author : Wilhelm Raith,Thomas Mulvey
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 938 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0849312027

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Constituents of Matter by Wilhelm Raith,Thomas Mulvey Pdf

Originally published as part of the renowned Bergmann-Schaefer textbook series on experimental physics, this volume fills an important void by providing a thorough treatment of the basic: atoms, molecules, nuclei, and particles. Written by experimentalists, it forms a unique compendium of our practical knowledge of the basic elements While keeping all of the rigor necessary for a clean treatment, the authors go beyond theory and describe major experimental results that give readers a clear view of the practical side of nature.

Author : Lutz Fechner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319320465

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High-Resolution Experiments on Strong-Field Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Lutz Fechner Pdf

In this thesis, the ionization of atoms and small molecules in strong laser fields is experimentally studied using a reaction microscope. The population of autoionizing doubly excited states in the laser fields is proven and a possible connection to the well-known dielectronic recombination processes is discussed. The fundamental process of tunnel ionization in strong laser fields is subject of investigation in a pump-probe experiment with ultrashort laser pulses. A coherent superposition of electronic states in singly charged argon ions is created within the first, and subsequently tunnel-ionized with the second pulse. This gives access to state-selective information about the tunneling process and allows to test common models. Moreover, the ionization of krypton and argon at different wavelengths is studied, from the multiphoton to the tunneling regime. The wavelength-dependent investigations are furthermore extended to molecular hydrogen. In addition to ionization, this system might undergo different dissociative processes. Channel-selective electron momentum distributions are presented and compared to each other.

Author : Gordon W. F. Drake
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1436 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2023-02-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030738938

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Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics by Gordon W. F. Drake Pdf

Comprises a comprehensive reference source that unifies the entire fields of atomic molecular and optical (AMO) physics, assembling the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field. 92 chapters written by about 120 authors present the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field, together with a guide to the primary research literature (carefully edited to ensure a uniform coverage and style, with extensive cross-references). Along with a summary of key ideas, techniques, and results, many chapters offer diagrams of apparatus, graphs, and tables of data. From atomic spectroscopy to applications in comets, one finds contributions from over 100 authors, all leaders in their respective disciplines. Substantially updated and expanded since the original 1996 edition, it now contains several entirely new chapters covering current areas of great research interest that barely existed in 1996, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, and cosmological variations of the fundamental constants. A fully-searchable CD- ROM version of the contents accompanies the handbook.

Author : Keith D. Bonin,Vitaly V. Kresin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810224931

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Electric-dipole Polarizabilities of Atoms, Molecules, and Clusters by Keith D. Bonin,Vitaly V. Kresin Pdf

This book is an in-depth review of experiment and theory on electric-dipole polarizabilities. It is broad in scope, encompassing atomic, molecular, and cluster polarizabilities. Both static and dynamic polarizabilities are treated (in the absence of absorption) and a full tensor picture of the polarizability is used. Traditional experimental techniques for measuring electric polarizabilities are described in detail. Recently developed experimental methods, including light forces, position-sensitive time-of-flight deflection, and atom interferometry, are also extensively discussed. Theoretical techniques for calculating polarizabilities are reviewed, including a discussion on the use of Gaussian basis sets. Many important comparisons between theory and experiment are summarized in an extensive set of tables of polarizabilities of important atoms, molecules, and clusters. Applications of polarizabilities to many areas of chemistry and physics are described, including optics, chemical structure, interactions of gases and particles with surfaces, and the interaction of molecules with light. The emphasis is on a lucid presentation of the ideas and results with up-to-date discussions on important applications such as optical tweezers and nanostructure fabrication. This book provides an excellent overview of the importance of polarizabilities in understanding the physical, electronic, and optical properties of particles in a regime that goes from free atoms to condensed-phase clusters.

Author : Andre D Bandrauk,Stephan C. Wallace
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461533641

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Coherence Phenomena in Atoms and Molecules in Laser Fields by Andre D Bandrauk,Stephan C. Wallace Pdf

This volume contains the lectures and communications presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (NATO ARW 900857) which was held May 5-10, 1991 at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. A scientific commitee made up of P.P. Lambropoulos (USC & Crete), P.8. Corkum (NRC, Ottawa), and H. B. vL. van den Heuvell (FOM, Amsterdam) guided the organizers, A.D. Bandrauk (Sherbrooke) and S.C. Wallace (Toronto) in preparing a programme which would cover the latest advances in the field of atom and molecule laser interactions. Since the last meeting held in July 1987 on "Atomic and Molecular Processes with Short Intense Laser Pulses", NATO ASI vol 1718 (Plenum Press 1988), considerable progress has been made in understanding high intensity effects on atoms and the concomitant coherence effects. After four years, the emphasis is now shifting more to molecules. The present volume represents therefore this trend with four sections covering the main interests of research endeavours in this area: i) Atoms in Intense Laser-Fields ii) Molecules in Intense Laser Fields iii) Atomic Coherences iv) Molecular Coherences The experience developed over the years in multiphoton atomic processes has been very useful and is the main source of our understanding of similar processes in molecules. Thus ATI (above threshold ionization) has been found to occur in molecules as well as a new phenomenon, ATD (above-threshold dissociation). Laser-induced avoided crossings of molecular electronic surfaces is also now entering the current language of high intensity molecular processes.

Author : Fritz Herlach,Noboru Miura
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812774873

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High Magnetic Fields by Fritz Herlach,Noboru Miura Pdf

This three-volume book provides a comprehensive review of experiments in very strong magnetic fields that can only be generated with very special magnets. The first volume is entirely devoted to the technology of laboratory magnets: permanent, superconducting, high-power water-cooled and hybrid; pulsed magnets, both nondestructive and destructive (megagauss fields). Volumes 2 and 3 contain reviews of the different areas of research where strong magnetic fields are an essential research tool. These volumes deal primarily with solid-state physics; other research areas covered are biological systems, chemistry, atomic and molecular physics, nuclear resonance, plasma physics and astrophysics (including QED).

Author : Fritz Herlach,Noboru Miura
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2003-10-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814490542

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High Magnetic Fields by Fritz Herlach,Noboru Miura Pdf

This three-volume book provides a comprehensive review of experiments in very strong magnetic fields that can only be generated with very special magnets. The first volume is entirely devoted to the technology of laboratory magnets: permanent, superconducting, high-power water-cooled and hybrid; pulsed magnets, both nondestructive and destructive (megagauss fields). Volumes 2 and 3 contain reviews of the different areas of research where strong magnetic fields are an essential research tool. These volumes deal primarily with solid-state physics; other research areas covered are biological systems, chemistry, atomic and molecular physics, nuclear resonance, plasma physics and astrophysics (including QED).

Author : A.R. Rau
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2006-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306478208

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Astronomy-Inspired Atomic and Molecular Physics by A.R. Rau Pdf

Aimed at senior undergraduate and first-year graduate students in departments of physics and astronomy, this textbook gives a systematic treatment of atomic and molecular structure and spectra, together with the effect of weak and strong external electromagnetic fields. Topics chosen are those of interest in astronomy, and indeed many were inspired by specific astronomical contexts. Examples include the negative ion of hydrogen and the effects of strong magnetic fields such as those occurring on certain white dwarfs and neutron stars. Adiabatic and non-adiabatic handling of electron correlations and application to processes such as dielectronic recombination are included. Astronomical examples are provided throughout, as well as end-of-the-chapter problems and exercises. Over seventy illustrative diagrams complete this unique and comprehensive volume.

Author : N. B. Delone,Vladimir Pavlovich Kraĭnov
Publisher : Springer Series in Chemical Ph
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015016070495

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Atoms in Strong Light Fields by N. B. Delone,Vladimir Pavlovich Kraĭnov Pdf

Author : Nicolaas Bloembergen,Naseem K. Rahman,Antonio Rizzo
Publisher : Compositori
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015051596594

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Atoms, Molecules, and Quantum Dots in Laser Fields by Nicolaas Bloembergen,Naseem K. Rahman,Antonio Rizzo Pdf