Becoming Formal And Informal Entrepreneurs

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Becoming Formal and Informal Entrepreneurs

Joel L. Raveloharimisy
Becoming Formal and Informal Entrepreneurs Book PDF

Author : Joel L. Raveloharimisy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Associations, institutions, etc
ISBN : OCLC:774883682

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Becoming Formal and Informal Entrepreneurs by Joel L. Raveloharimisy Pdf

This research explains the factors behind the variation of enterprise creation across countries by looking at the roles of formal and informal institutions and their interactions in the distribution of start-up enterprises in the formal and informal sectors. It tests two competing hypotheses about the individual versus mixed effects of formal institutions (measured by entry regulations) and informal institutions (measured by social capital) on entrepreneurship. The research uses quantitative analysis of data from 48 countries and a qualitative case study of Madagascar. The findings from the quantitative and qualitative analyses are consistent regarding the independent effects of each set of institutions in the distribution of entrepreneurship in both sectors while controlling for political and economic variables (level of economic development, political stability, and control of corruption). They confirm the hypothesis that the formal institution is inversely related to formal entrepreneurship and the informal institution is inversely related to informal entrepreneurship. The findings from the two studies disagree on the role of institutional interaction on entrepreneurship. The quantitative analysis did not find any relationship, whereas the case study finds that the interaction of entry regulations and the informal institutions of fihavanana (Malagasy social capital), tsiny (reproach), and tody (retribution) determines the distribution of entrepreneurship in the formal and informal market. The interaction occurs in the bureaucratic arena, which handles business entry procedures, and is driven by the imbalance between the strength of the two institutions. The findings from the research help us understand in a better way the mechanism that explains the distribution of entrepreneurship in the formal and informal sector in Africa and especially the predominance of informal sector in the region. They also provide new insights about the ways to handle and promote institutional reforms when formal and informal institutions diverge.

Labor Markets and Economic Development

Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar
Labor Markets and Economic Development Book PDF

Author : Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 587 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135969370

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Labor Markets and Economic Development by Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar Pdf

As developing and transition economies enter the next phase of reforms, labor market issues increasingly come to the fore. With the increased competition from globalization, the discussion is shifting to the need for greater labor market flexibility and the creation of "good" jobs. Moreover, the greater actual and perceived insecurity in labor markets has generated a new agenda on how to structure safety nets and labor market regulation. The older questions of the links between the formal and informal labor market, reappear with new dimensions and significance. More generally, it is clear that an accurate understanding of how labor market structures function is essential if we are to analyze alternative policy proposals in the wake of these concerns. Oddly enough, in spite of this great importance, there are no recent monographs that bring together rigorous studies produced by academic researchers on these various issues. This book fills that gap. Under the steely editorship of Ravi Kanbur and Jan Svejnar, the contributors flourish in their attempts to enliven these debates.

Labour Markets and Economic Development

S. M. Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar
Labour Markets and Economic Development Book PDF

Author : S. M. Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 587 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780415777414

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Labour Markets and Economic Development by S. M. Ravi Kanbur,Jan Svejnar Pdf

This book looks at the links between the formal and informal labor market in developing and transition economies, working towards an accurate understanding of labour markets and analyzing alternative policy proposals.

Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies

Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos
Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies Book PDF

Author : Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781780527871

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Informal Employment in Emerging and Transition Economies by Solomon W. Polachek,Konstantinos Tatsiramos Pdf

Informality and informal employment are wide-spread and growing phenomena in all regions of the world, particularly in low and middle income economies. This volume sheds light on the incidence and persistence of informality and the role of institutions and government regulations, and offers insights into issues such as how labor and tax regulations

The Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon

Célestin Monga
The Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon Book PDF

Author : Célestin Monga
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 801 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192664648

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The Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon by Célestin Monga Pdf

Cameroon's suboptimal economic experience since independence (1960) sheds light on broader issues of Africa's development narrative, and provides valuable economic and policy knowledge. While Cameroon's large informal economy is diverse and resilient and rooted in old business traditions, its formal economy has exhibited low productivity and employment growth for over 60 years. This has brought anger, disappointment, and violent conflict in several regions of the country. The Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon examines the reasons of Cameroon's unsatisfactory economic performance and draws lessons from successful development experience to help tackle these issues. The Handbook provides a critical assessment of the history, patterns, and strategies of economic development in Cameroon, and outlines new approaches to economic enquiry for prosperity and social change. Through Cameroon's governance story, the handbook analyzes the evolving conceptions of economic policy, takes stock of intellectual progress, documents the challenges of implementation, and outlines the intellectual and policy agenda ahead. For a developing country increases in per capita income arise from advances in technology arise from closing the knowledge and technology gap with those at the frontier. And within any country (especially one like Cameroon), there is enormous scope for productivity improvement simply by closing the gap between best practices and average practices. Standards of living can therefore be improved through the implementation of pertinent learning strategies. In this Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon, an international team of leading development economists and researchers address the wide range of issues facing Cameroon and provide guiding principles on how best the country (and other developing nations) could move human, capital, and financial resources from low- to high-productivity sectors in a constantly changing global economy.

How Institutions Matter!

Joel Gehman,Michael Lounsbury,Royston Greenwood
How Institutions Matter Book PDF

Author : Joel Gehman,Michael Lounsbury,Royston Greenwood
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781786354310

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How Institutions Matter! by Joel Gehman,Michael Lounsbury,Royston Greenwood Pdf

This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The effort was seeded by the 2015 Alberta Institutions Conference, which brought together 108 participants from 14 countries and 51 different institutions.

The Future of Entrepreneurship in Latin America

E. Brenes,J. Haar
The Future of Entrepreneurship in Latin America Book PDF

Author : E. Brenes,J. Haar
Publisher : Springer
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-04-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137003324

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The Future of Entrepreneurship in Latin America by E. Brenes,J. Haar Pdf

This book examines the outlook for Latin American entrepreneurs in the new global environment. Using case studies from across the region, the book highlights liberalization measures nations are adopting to facilitate small and medium size enterprise (SME) creation and growth, and existing barriers that are threatening SME sector gains.

Informal Migrant Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Growth in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique

Crush, Jonathan
Informal Migrant Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Growth in South Africa Zimbabwe and Mozambique Book PDF

Author : Crush, Jonathan
Publisher : Southern African Migration Programme
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781920596101

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Informal Migrant Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Growth in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique by Crush, Jonathan Pdf

While increasing attention is being paid to the drivers and forms of entrepreneurship in informal economies, much less of this policy and research focus is directed at understanding the links between mobility and informality. This report examines the current state of knowledge about this relationship with particular reference to three countries (Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe) and four cities (Cape Town, Harare, Johannesburg and Maputo), identifying major themes, knowledge gaps, research questions and policy implications.

Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy

Mai Thi Thanh Thai,Ekaterina Turkina
Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy Book PDF

Author : Mai Thi Thanh Thai,Ekaterina Turkina
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135076245

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Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy by Mai Thi Thanh Thai,Ekaterina Turkina Pdf

Although entrepreneurship in the informal economy occurs outside state regulatory systems, informal commercial activities account for an estimated 30% of economic activity around the world. Informal entrepreneurship goes unmonitored despite the fact that it significantly contributes to poverty reduction and economic development. As a result, the informal sector is open to unethical practices including corruption, worker exploitation, and natural environment abuse to name just a few. In the media, debates have formed around whether informal entrepreneurship should be assisted or legitimized. Hence, a deep understanding of the phenomenon is vitally important. This book is the first on the market to offer models and approaches to informal entrepreneurship as well as to its prospects for economic development. Offering an in-depth examination of informal entrepreneurship in many different countries, it reveals the motivations for engaging in entrepreneurship in the informal economy, characteristics of informal entrepreneurship, and informal entrepreneurs’ response to ethical issues. This volume illustrates the relationship between formal and informal economies and the conditions for the benefits of informal entrepreneurship to outweigh its disadvantages. And finally, it gives recommendations about when and how the informal economy can be formalized, which sectors should be formalized, and which ones can remain informal. This book offers much-needed guidance for stakeholders involved in economic development programs and scholars and entrepreneurs interested in the field of informal entrepreneurship as it is developing around the globe.

Informal Ethnic Entrepreneurship

Veland Ramadani,Léo-Paul Dana,Vanessa Ratten,Abdylmenaf Bexheti
Informal Ethnic Entrepreneurship Book PDF

Author : Veland Ramadani,Léo-Paul Dana,Vanessa Ratten,Abdylmenaf Bexheti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319990644

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Informal Ethnic Entrepreneurship by Veland Ramadani,Léo-Paul Dana,Vanessa Ratten,Abdylmenaf Bexheti Pdf

This book presents a curated collection of research on ethnic entrepreneurship, focusing on the informal sector. The common theme of the expert contributions is that entrepreneurial motivation to start informal business is paramount to ethnic groups. In particular, the book explores the factors influencing ethnic groups to start informal businesses and how this creates innovative business activity. It also charts the evolution of ethnic entrepreneurship and informal businesses in advanced and emerging economies; the diversity of entrepreneurial strategies; the economics of co-ethnic employment; and the issues surrounding immigrant entrepreneurship. The book is a valuable resource for researchers in the field of informal ethnic entrepreneurship, as well as for policy makers and entrepreneurs.

Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Meet Innovation Systems

Alexandra Tsvetkova,Jana Schmutzler,Rhiannon Pugh
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Meet Innovation Systems Book PDF

Author : Alexandra Tsvetkova,Jana Schmutzler,Rhiannon Pugh
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781789901184

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Entrepreneurial Ecosystems Meet Innovation Systems by Alexandra Tsvetkova,Jana Schmutzler,Rhiannon Pugh Pdf

This book presents multidisciplinary research that expands our understanding of the innovation system (IS) and the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) perspectives on regional economic development. It critically reviews the two concepts and explores the promise and the limits of bridging IS and EE, particularly as applied outside of the bubbling global hubs or to the types of entrepreneurship different from the high-growth variety.

Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector

Colin Williams
Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector Book PDF

Author : Colin Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317406945

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Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector by Colin Williams Pdf

How many businesses start-ups conduct some or all of their trade ‘off-the-books’? And how many enterprises continue to do some of their work off-the-books once they are more established? What should be done about them? Should governments adopt ever more punitive measures to eradicate them? Or should we recognise this hidden enterprise culture and attempt to harness it? If so, how can this be done? What measures can be taken to ensure that businesses start-up in a proper manner? And what can be done to help those enterprises and entrepreneurs currently working off-the-books to legitimise their businesses? The aim of this book is to advance a new way of answering these questions. Drawing inspiration from institutional theory, informal sector entrepreneurship is explained as resulting from the asymmetry between the codified laws and regulations of a society’s formal institutions and the norms, values and beliefs that comprise a society’s informal institutions. The argument is that if the norms, values and beliefs of entrepreneurs (i.e., their individual morality) were wholly aligned with the codified laws and regulations (i.e., state morality), there would be no informal sector entrepreneurship. However, because the individual morality of entrepreneurs differs from state morality, such as due to their lack of trust in government and the rule of law, the result is the prevalence of informal sector entrepreneurship. The greater the degree of institutional asymmetry, the higher is the propensity to engage in informal sector entrepreneurship. This book provides evidence to show that this is the case both at the individual- and country-level and then discusses how this can be overcome. .

The Future of Entrepreneurship in Africa

Anthony Abiodun Eniola,Chux Gervase Iwu,Abdullah Promise Opute
The Future of Entrepreneurship in Africa Book PDF

Author : Anthony Abiodun Eniola,Chux Gervase Iwu,Abdullah Promise Opute
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-12-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000816624

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The Future of Entrepreneurship in Africa by Anthony Abiodun Eniola,Chux Gervase Iwu,Abdullah Promise Opute Pdf

For many years, entrepreneurship has been considered as one of the most important solutions to the three-pronged challenges, poverty, unemployment and inequality, of most African countries. A recent development that has undoubtedly compounded the challenges that African entrepreneurs face and further impede the economic growth impact is Covid-19. This pandemic has exerted severe damage to economies and businesses globally. For the African setting, the implications of Covid-19 on businesses and individuals would be enormous, as African societies are rarely equipped to absorb unexpected shocks of this magnitude as the social and welfare schemes are far below requirements. This book illuminates entrepreneurship in the African setting, focusing on the prospects, challenges, and the post-Covid-19 pandemic future. It aims to offer a rich repository of information on strategies and techniques for sustaining entrepreneurial activities that can enrich African nations and will be of relevance to academics, researchers, advanced students, entrepreneurs, governments, and government agencies who are interested in understanding issues relating to entrepreneurship development within the African continent.

Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs

Perez-Uribe, Rafael,Ocampo-Guzman, David,Salcedo-Perez, Carlos,Piñeiro-Cortes, Lorena,Ramirez-Salazar, Maria Del Pilar
Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs Book PDF

Author : Perez-Uribe, Rafael,Ocampo-Guzman, David,Salcedo-Perez, Carlos,Piñeiro-Cortes, Lorena,Ramirez-Salazar, Maria Del Pilar
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 712 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781522594260

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Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs by Perez-Uribe, Rafael,Ocampo-Guzman, David,Salcedo-Perez, Carlos,Piñeiro-Cortes, Lorena,Ramirez-Salazar, Maria Del Pilar Pdf

Countries have been competing against each other in order to attract financial investment and human capital for decades. However, emerging economies have a long way to go before they achieve the same levels of competitiveness as a developed economy. Lack of firm institutions, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of trust in the legal system are urgent and unavoidable factors that emerging economies must address. The Handbook of Research on Increasing the Competitiveness of SMEs provides innovative insights on integrating, adapting, and building models and strategies compatible with the development of competitiveness in small and medium enterprises in emerging countries. The content within this publication examines quality management, organizational leadership, and digital security. It is designed for policymakers, entrepreneurs, managers, executives, business professionals, academicians, researchers, and students.

Africa's Pulse, No. 18, October 2018

Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Vijdan Korman
Africa s Pulse No 18 October 2018 Book PDF

Author : Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Vijdan Korman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781464813658

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Africa's Pulse, No. 18, October 2018 by Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Vijdan Korman Pdf

"Africa's Pulse is a biannual publication containing an analysis of the near-term macroeconomic outlook for the region. Each issue also includes a section focusing upon a topic that represents a particular development challenge for the continent. It is produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for the Africa Region of the World Bank. Recent data point to a weakening of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2018, according to the new Africa's Pulse, a bi-annual analysis of the state of African economies conducted by the World Bank. The growth slowdown can be attributed to the lower than expected performance of the large countries in the region (South Africa and Nigeria). The downswing reflects poorer performance in agriculture following droughts and lower performance of commodity sectors."