Beyond Mechanical Markets

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Beyond Mechanical Markets

Author : Roman Frydman,Michael D. Goldberg
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400838189

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Beyond Mechanical Markets by Roman Frydman,Michael D. Goldberg Pdf

A powerful challenge to contemporary economics and a new agenda for global finance In the wake of the global financial crisis that began in 2007, faith in the rationality of markets has lost ground to a new faith in their irrationality. The problem, Roman Frydman and Michael Goldberg argue, is that both the rational and behavioral theories of the market rest on the same fatal assumption—that markets act mechanically and economic change is fully predictable. In Beyond Mechanical Markets, Frydman and Goldberg show how the failure to abandon this assumption hinders our understanding of how markets work, why price swings help allocate capital to worthy companies, and what role government can and can't play. The financial crisis, Frydman and Goldberg argue, was made more likely, if not inevitable, by contemporary economic theory, yet its core tenets remain unchanged today. In response, the authors show how imperfect knowledge economics, an approach they pioneered, provides a better understanding of markets and the financial crisis. Frydman and Goldberg deliver a withering critique of the widely accepted view that the boom in equity prices that ended in 2007 was a bubble fueled by herd psychology. They argue, instead, that price swings are driven by individuals' ever-imperfect interpretations of the significance of economic fundamentals for future prices and risk. Because swings are at the heart of a dynamic economy, reforms should aim only to curb their excesses. Showing why we are being dangerously led astray by thinking of markets as predictably rational or irrational, Beyond Mechanical Markets presents a powerful challenge to conventional economic wisdom that we can't afford to ignore.

Financial Market Bubbles and Crashes

Author : Harold L. Vogel
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 619 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030791827

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Financial Market Bubbles and Crashes by Harold L. Vogel Pdf

Economists broadly define financial asset price bubbles as episodes in which prices rise with notable rapidity and depart from historically established asset valuation multiples and relationships. Financial economists have for decades attempted to study and interpret bubbles through the prisms of rational expectations, efficient markets, equilibrium, arbitrage, and capital asset pricing models, but they have not made much if any progress toward a consistent and reliable theory that explains how and why bubbles (and crashes) evolve and are defined, measured, and compared. This book develops a new and different approach that is based on the central notion that bubbles and crashes reflect urgent short-side rationing, which means that, as such extreme conditions unfold, considerations of quantities owned or not owned begin to displace considerations of price.

Rethinking Expectations

Author : Roman Frydman,Edmund S. Phelps
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691155234

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Rethinking Expectations by Roman Frydman,Edmund S. Phelps Pdf

This book originated from a 2010 conference marking the fortieth anniversary of the publication of the landmark "Phelps volume," Microeconomic Foundations of Employment and Inflation Theory, a book that is often credited with pioneering the currently dominant approach to macroeconomic analysis. However, in their provocative introductory essay, Roman Frydman and Edmund Phelps argue that the vast majority of macroeconomic and finance models developed over the last four decades derailed, rather than built on, the Phelps volume's "microfoundations" approach. Whereas the contributors to the 1970 volume recognized the fundamental importance of according market participants' expectations an autonomous role, contemporary models rely on the rational expectations hypothesis (REH), which rules out such a role by design. The financial crisis that began in 2007, preceded by a spectacular boom and bust in asset prices that REH models implied could never happen, has spurred a quest for fresh approaches to macroeconomic analysis. While the alternatives to REH presented in Rethinking Expectations differ from the approach taken in the original Phelps volume, they are notable for returning to its major theme: understanding aggregate outcomes requires according expectations an autonomous role. In the introductory essay, Frydman and Phelps interpret the various efforts to reconstruct the field--some of which promise to chart its direction for decades to come. The contributors include Philippe Aghion, Sheila Dow, George W. Evans, Roger E. A. Farmer, Roman Frydman, Michael D. Goldberg, Roger Guesnerie, Seppo Honkapohja, Katarina Juselius, Enisse Kharroubi, Blake LeBaron, Edmund S. Phelps, John B. Taylor, Michael Woodford, and Gylfi Zoega.

Markets in the Making

Author : Michel Callon
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781942130581

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Markets in the Making by Michel Callon Pdf

Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of how everyday market activity gets produced. If you’re convinced you know what a market is, think again. In his long-awaited study, French sociologist and engineer Michel Callon takes us to the heart of markets, to the unsung processes that allow innovations to become robust products and services. Markets in the Making begins with the observation that stable commercial transactions are more enigmatic, more elusive, and more involved than previously described by economic theory. Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of market activity that emphasizes what people designing products or launching startups soon discover—the inherent difficulties of connecting individuals to things. Callon’s model is founded upon the notion of “singularization,” the premise that goods and services must adapt and be adapted to the local milieu of every individual whose life they enter. Person by person, thing by thing, Callon demonstrates that for ordinary economic transactions to emerge en masse, singular connections must be made. Pushing us to see markets as more than abstract interfaces where pools of anonymous buyers and sellers meet, Callon draws our attention to the exhaustively creative practices that market professionals continuously devise to entangle people and things. Markets in the Making exemplifies how prototypes, fragile curiosities that have only just been imagined, are gradually honed into predictable objects and practices. Once these are active enough to create a desired effect, yet passive enough to be transferred from one place to another without disruption, they will have successfully achieved the status of “goods” or “services.” The output of this more ample process of innovation, as redefined by Callon, is what we recognize as “the market”—commercial activity, at scale. The capstone of an influential research career at the forefront of science and technology studies, Markets in the Making coherently integrates the empirical perspective of product engineering with the values of the social sciences. After masterfully redescribing how markets are made, Callon culminates with a strong empirical argument for why markets can and should be harnessed to enact social change. His is a theory of markets that serves social critique.

Emerging Markets in an Upside Down World

Author : Jerome Booth
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781118879665

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Emerging Markets in an Upside Down World by Jerome Booth Pdf

The world is upside down. The emerging market countries are more important than many investors realise. They have been catching up with the West over the past few decades. Greater market freedom has spread since the end of the Cold War, and with it institutional changes which have further assisted emerging economies in becoming more productive, flexible, and resilient. The Western financial crisis from 2008 has quickened the pace of the relative rise of emerging markets - their relative economic power, and with it political power, but also their financial power as savers, investors and creditors. Emerging Markets in an Upside Down World - Challenging Perceptions in Asset Allocation and Investment argues that finance theory has misunderstood risk and that this has led to poor investment decisions; and that emerging markets constitute a good example of why traditional finance theory is faulty. The book accurately describes the complex and changing global environment currently facing the investor and asset allocator. It raises many questions often bypassed because of the use of simplifying assumptions and models. The narrative builds towards a checklist of issues and questions for the asset allocator and investor and then to a discussion of a variety of regulatory and policy issues. Aimed at institutional and retail investors as well as economics, finance, business and international relations students, Emerging Markets in an Upside Down World covers many complex ideas, but is written to be accessible to the non-expert.

Market, Ethics and Religion

Author : Niels Kærgård
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2023-01-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031084621

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Market, Ethics and Religion by Niels Kærgård Pdf

This book deals with the basic question of what money can and cannot buy and offers an analysis of the limitations of the market mechanism. Few concepts are as controversial as religion and the market mechanism. Some consider religion to be in conflict with a modern rational scientific view of life, and thus as a contributory cause of harsh conflicts and a barrier to human happiness. Others consider religious beliefs as the foundation for ethics and decent behaviour. Similar, a number of neoliberal writers acclaimed the market mechanism as one of the greatest triumphs of the human mind, and saw it as the main reason why rich countries became rich. Others are extremely skeptical and stress how this mechanism has result in big multinational firms with powerfully rich owners and masses of poor low-paid workers. Researchers from various fields - economists, social scientists, theologians and philosophers - handle these questions very differently, applying different methods and different ideals. This book offers a synthesis of the different viewpoints. It deals with economists’, theologians’ and philosophers’ differing thoughts about the market and its limitations.

Radical Uncertainty: Decision-Making Beyond the Numbers

Author : John Kay,Mervyn King
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781324004783

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Radical Uncertainty: Decision-Making Beyond the Numbers by John Kay,Mervyn King Pdf

Much economic advice is bogus quantification, warn two leading experts in this essential book, now with a preface on COVID-19. Invented numbers offer a false sense of security; we need instead robust narratives that give us the confidence to manage uncertainty. “An elegant and careful guide to thinking about personal and social economics, especially in a time of uncertainty. The timing is impeccable." — Christine Kenneally, New York Times Book Review Some uncertainties are resolvable. The insurance industry’s actuarial tables and the gambler’s roulette wheel both yield to the tools of probability theory. Most situations in life, however, involve a deeper kind of uncertainty, a radical uncertainty for which historical data provide no useful guidance to future outcomes. Radical uncertainty concerns events whose determinants are insufficiently understood for probabilities to be known or forecasting possible. Before President Barack Obama made the fateful decision to send in the Navy Seals, his advisers offered him wildly divergent estimates of the odds that Osama bin Laden would be in the Abbottabad compound. In 2000, no one—not least Steve Jobs—knew what a smartphone was; how could anyone have predicted how many would be sold in 2020? And financial advisers who confidently provide the information required in the standard retirement planning package—what will interest rates, the cost of living, and your state of health be in 2050?—demonstrate only that their advice is worthless. The limits of certainty demonstrate the power of human judgment over artificial intelligence. In most critical decisions there can be no forecasts or probability distributions on which we might sensibly rely. Instead of inventing numbers to fill the gaps in our knowledge, we should adopt business, political, and personal strategies that will be robust to alternative futures and resilient to unpredictable events. Within the security of such a robust and resilient reference narrative, uncertainty can be embraced, because it is the source of creativity, excitement, and profit.

Financial Market Bubbles and Crashes, Second Edition

Author : Harold L. Vogel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-08-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319715285

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Financial Market Bubbles and Crashes, Second Edition by Harold L. Vogel Pdf

Economists broadly define financial asset price bubbles as episodes in which prices rise with notable rapidity and depart from historically established asset valuation multiples and relationships. Financial economists have for decades attempted to study and interpret bubbles through the prisms of rational expectations, efficient markets, and equilibrium, arbitrage, and capital asset pricing models, but they have not made much if any progress toward a consistent and reliable theory that explains how and why bubbles (and crashes) evolve and can also be defined, measured, and compared. This book develops a new and different approach that is based on the central notion that bubbles and crashes reflect urgent short-side rationing, which means that, as such extreme conditions unfold, considerations of quantities owned or not owned begin to displace considerations of price.

An Unwritten Future

Author : Jonathan Kirshner
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691166773

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An Unwritten Future by Jonathan Kirshner Pdf

An argument for the classical realist approach to world politics An Unwritten Future offers a fresh reassessment of classical realism, an enduring approach to understanding crucial events in the international political arena. Jonathan Kirshner identifies the fundamental flaws of classical realism’s would-be successors and shows how this older, more nuanced and sophisticated method for studying world politics better explains the formative events of the past. Kirshner also reveals how this approach is ideally equipped to comprehend the vital questions of the present—such as the implications of China’s rise, the ways that social and economic change alter the balance of power and the nature of international conflict, and the consequences of the end of the US-led postwar order for the future of world politics. Laying out realism’s core principles, Kirshner discusses the contributions of the perspective’s key thinkers, including Thucydides, Hans Morgenthau, and Raymond Aron, among others. He illustrates how a classical realist approach gives new insights into major upheavals of the twentieth century, such as Britain’s appeasement of Nazi Germany and America’s ruinous involvement in Vietnam. Kirshner also addresses realism’s limits and explores contemporary issues, including the ascent of great power challengers, the political implications of globalization, and the diffusion of power in modern world politics. A reexamination of the realist tradition, with a renewed emphasis on the crucial roles played by uncertainty, contingency, and contestation, An Unwritten Future demonstrates how a once-popular school of thought provides invaluable insights into pressing real-world problems.

Conducting Online Research on Amazon Mechanical Turk and Beyond

Author : Leib Litman,Jonathan Robinson
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-05-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781506391120

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Conducting Online Research on Amazon Mechanical Turk and Beyond by Leib Litman,Jonathan Robinson Pdf

Conducting Online Research on Amazon Mechanical Turk® and Beyond, written by Leib Litman and Jonathan Robinson, provides both students and experienced researchers with essential information about the online platforms most often used for social science research. This insightful and accessible text answers common questions like, "How do I maintain data quality in online studies?," "What is the best way to recruit hard-to-reach samples?" and "How can researchers navigate the ethical issues that are unique to online research?" Drawing on their experiences as the founders of CloudResearch (formerly TurkPrime), the authors provide information that guides new users planning their first online studies and engages even the most experienced researchers with detailed discussions about the challenges of online research. The book begins with an overview of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and its rapid rise within academic research. Then, the authors describe how to set up an MTurk study with screenshots that walk readers through the steps of creating an account, designing a study, collecting data, and using third-party applications to enhance MTurk’s functionality. Later chapters provide readers with a detailed understanding of the MTurk environment and use data from hundreds of thousands of participants and tens of millions of completed tasks to dive into issues like participant demographics, sources of sampling bias, and the generalizability of findings from MTurk. Finally, the book explores the benefits of using other online platforms as a complement to MTurk and the ethical issues that are unique to conducting research with online participant platforms. Throughout the book, the authors share hands-on advice and best practices, such as those for conducting longitudinal studies or carrying out complex studies. Altogether the mix of data, insight, and advice make this book an essential resource for researchers who want to understand the online environment and the most effective ways to conduct research online.

Beyond Technical Analysis

Author : Tushar S. Chande
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001-05-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0471415677

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Beyond Technical Analysis by Tushar S. Chande Pdf

Der Klassiker zur technischen Analyse erscheint jetzt in der 2. überarbeiteten, aktualisierten und erweiterten Auflage. Diese Neuauflage bietet eine interessante Mischung aus topaktuellen Techniken und Analyseverfahren, Strategien, zeitlos gültigen Grundsätzen und praktischen Tipps. Sie liefert umfassende Information für die Entwicklung und Implementierung eines eigenen Handelssystems und stellt so eine Verbindung her zwischen Analyse und Ausführung. Neu aufgenommen wurde eine Einführung in die technische Analyse sowie Material zu Einstiegs- und Ausstiegsstrategien, zur Aktienanalyse und zu Chandes neuer bahnbrechender Arbeit über die 'Comfort Zone' für richtiges Risiko- und Geldmanagement. "Beyond Technical Analysis" ist ein praktischer Leitfaden für versierte Händler und Neulinge gleichermaßen. Mit umfangreichem Beispielmaterial zu allen neu eingeführten Techniken, einschließlich Aktienfonds und offenen Investmentfonds!

Resources, Production and Structural Dynamics

Author : Mauro L. Baranzini,Claudia Rotondi,Roberto Scazzieri
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107079090

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Resources, Production and Structural Dynamics by Mauro L. Baranzini,Claudia Rotondi,Roberto Scazzieri Pdf

New approach to the economic theory of resources, showing the positive role that scarcities can play in triggering economic growth.

Capitalism, Macroeconomics and Reality

Author : James Crotty
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781784719029

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Capitalism, Macroeconomics and Reality by James Crotty Pdf

The essays comprising this collection analyze the deep flaws in the methodological foundation of mainstream economic theory, and explain how these flaws make mainstream economics more ideology than sound social science. James Crotty develops alternative theories built on realistic assumptions that can explain most of the disastrous economic and financial developments of the past four decades. His work contributes to the collective creation of a solid theoretical foundation on which to build an understanding of the ‘laws of motion’ of capitalism in the post WWII era.

The Nobel Factor

Author : Avner Offer,Gabriel Söderberg
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691196312

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The Nobel Factor by Avner Offer,Gabriel Söderberg Pdf

How the creation of the Nobel Prize in Economics changed the economics profession, Sweden, and the world Our confidence in markets comes from economics, and our confidence in economics is underpinned by the Nobel Prize in Economics, which was first awarded in 1969. Was it a coincidence that the prize and the rise of free-market liberalism began at the same time? The Nobel Factor is the first book to describe the origins and power of the most important prize in economics. It tells how the prize, created by the Swedish central bank, emerged from a conflict between central bank orthodoxy and Sweden's social democracy. The aim was to use the halo of the Nobel brand to influence the future of Sweden and the rest of the developed world by enhancing the bank's authority and the prestige of market-friendly economics. And the strategy has worked spectacularly—with sometimes disastrous results for societies striving to cope with the requirements of economic theory and deregulated markets. Drawing on previously untapped archives and providing a unique analysis of the sway of prizewinners, The Nobel Factor offers an unprecedented account of the real-world consequences of economics and its greatest prize.

Doing Capitalism in the Innovation Economy

Author : William H. Janeway
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108471275

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Doing Capitalism in the Innovation Economy by William H. Janeway Pdf

Shows how the digital revolution, sponsored by government and funded by speculation, now challenges the authority and legitimacy of the state.