Binary Data Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials With Noncompliance

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Binary Data Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials with Noncompliance

Kung-Jong Lui
Binary Data Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials with Noncompliance Book PDF

Author : Kung-Jong Lui
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119993902

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Binary Data Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials with Noncompliance by Kung-Jong Lui Pdf

It is quite common in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to encounter patients who do not comply with their assigned treatment. Since noncompliance often occurs non-randomly, the commonly-used approaches, including both the as-treated (AT) and as-protocol (AP) analysis, and the intent-to-treat (ITT) (or as-randomized) analysis, are all well known to possibly produce a biased inference of the treatment efficacy. This book provides a systematic and organized approach to analyzing data for RCTs with noncompliance under the most frequently-encountered situations. These include parallel sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, parallel sampling with subsequent missing outcomes, and a series of dependent Bernoulli sampling for repeated measurements. The author provides a comprehensive approach by using contingency tables to illustrate the latent probability structure of observed data. Using real-life examples, computer-simulated data and exercises in each chapter, the book illustrates the underlying theory in an accessible, and easy to understand way. Key features: Consort-flow diagrams and numerical examples are used to illustrate the bias of commonly used approaches, such as, AT analysis, AP analysis and ITT analysis for a RCT with noncompliance. Real-life examples are used throughout the book to explain the practical usefulness of test procedures and estimators. Each chapter is self-contained, allowing the book to be used as a reference source. Includes SAS programs which can be easily modified in calculating the required sample size. Biostatisticians, clinicians, researchers and data analysts working in pharmaceutical industries will benefit from this book. This text can also be used as supplemental material for a course focusing on clinical statistics or experimental trials in epidemiology, psychology and sociology.

Behavioral Clinical Trials for Chronic Diseases

Lynda H. Powell,Kenneth E. Freedland,Peter G. Kaufmann
Behavioral Clinical Trials for Chronic Diseases Book PDF

Author : Lynda H. Powell,Kenneth E. Freedland,Peter G. Kaufmann
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783030393304

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Behavioral Clinical Trials for Chronic Diseases by Lynda H. Powell,Kenneth E. Freedland,Peter G. Kaufmann Pdf

This is the first comprehensive guide to the design of behavioral randomized clinical trials (RCT) for chronic diseases. It includes the scientific foundations for behavioral trial methods, problems that have been encountered in past behavioral trials, advances in design that have evolved, and promising trends and opportunities for the future. The value of this book lies in its potential to foster an ability to “speak the language of medicine” through the conduct of high-quality behavioral clinical trials that match the rigor commonly seen in double-blind drug trials. It is relevant for testing any treatment aimed at improving a behavioral, social, psychosocial, environmental, or policy-level risk factor for a chronic disease including, for example, obesity, sedentary behavior, adherence to treatment, psychosocial stress, food deserts, and fragmented care. Outcomes of interest are those that are of clinical significance in the treatment of chronic diseases, including standard risk factors such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose, and clinical outcomes such as hospitalizations, functional limitations, excess morbidity, quality of life, and mortality. This link between behavior and chronic disease requires innovative clinical trial methods not only from the behavioral sciences but also from medicine, epidemiology, and biostatistics. This integration does not exist in any current book, or in any training program, in either the behavioral sciences or medicine.

Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials

Susan S. Ellenberg,Thomas R. Fleming,David L. DeMets
Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials Book PDF

Author : Susan S. Ellenberg,Thomas R. Fleming,David L. DeMets
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119512677

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Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials by Susan S. Ellenberg,Thomas R. Fleming,David L. DeMets Pdf

The authoritative guide for Data Monitoring Committees—fully revised and updated The number of clinical trials sponsored by government agencies and pharmaceutical companies has grown in recent years, prompting an increased need for interim monitoring of data on safety and efficacy. Data Monitoring Committees (DMCs) are an essential component of many clinical trials, safeguarding trial participants and protecting the credibility and validity of the study. Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials: A Practical Perspective, 2nd Edition offers practical advice for those managing and conducting clinical trials and serving on Data Monitoring Committees, providing a practical overview of the establishment, purpose, and responsibilities of these committees. Examination of topics such as the composition and independence of DMCs, statistical, philosophical and ethical considerations, and determining when a DMC is needed, presents readers with a comprehensive foundational knowledge of clinical trial oversight. Providing recent examples to illustrate DMC principles, this fully-updated guide reflects current developments and practices in clinical trial oversight and offers expanded coverage of emerging issues and challenges in the field. This new second edition covers the most current information on DMC policies, issues in monitoring trials using new designs, and recent trial publications relevant to DMC decision-making. • Presents practical advice for those managing and conducting clinical trials and serving on Data Monitoring Committees • Illustrates the types of challenging issues Data Monitoring Committees face in practical situations • Provides updated and expanded coverage of topics including regulatory and funding agency guidelines and trial designs and their associated demands and limitations • Includes a new chapter addressing legal issues that affect DMC members and discusses general litigation concerns relevant to clinical research • Expands treatment of current journal publications addressing DMC issues Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials: A Practical Perspective, 2nd Edition is a must-have text for anyone engaged in DMC activities as well as trial sponsors, clinical trial researchers, regulatory and bioethics professionals, and those associated with clinical trials in academic, government and industry settings.

Bayesian Networks for Probabilistic Inference and Decision Analysis in Forensic Science

Franco Taroni,Alex Biedermann,Silvia Bozza,Paolo Garbolino,Colin Aitken
Bayesian Networks for Probabilistic Inference and Decision Analysis in Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : Franco Taroni,Alex Biedermann,Silvia Bozza,Paolo Garbolino,Colin Aitken
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-21
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118914748

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Bayesian Networks for Probabilistic Inference and Decision Analysis in Forensic Science by Franco Taroni,Alex Biedermann,Silvia Bozza,Paolo Garbolino,Colin Aitken Pdf

"This book should have a place on the bookshelf of every forensic scientist who cares about the science of evidence interpretation" Dr. Ian Evett, Principal Forensic Services Ltd, London, UK Continuing developments in science and technology mean that the amounts of information forensic scientists are able to provide for criminal investigations is ever increasing. The commensurate increase in complexity creates difficulties for scientists and lawyers with regard to evaluation and interpretation, notably with respect to issues of inference and decision. Probability theory, implemented through graphical methods, and specifically Bayesian networks, provides powerful methods to deal with this complexity. Extensions of these methods to elements of decision theory provide further support and assistance to the judicial system. Bayesian Networks for Probabilistic Inference and Decision Analysis in Forensic Science provides a unique and comprehensive introduction to the use of Bayesian decision networks for the evaluation and interpretation of scientific findings in forensic science, and for the support of decision-makers in their scientific and legal tasks. • Includes self-contained introductions to probability and decision theory. • Develops the characteristics of Bayesian networks, object-oriented Bayesian networks and their extension to decision models. • Features implementation of the methodology with reference to commercial and academically available software. • Presents standard networks and their extensions that can be easily implemented and that can assist in the reader’s own analysis of real cases. • Provides a technique for structuring problems and organizing data based on methods and principles of scientific reasoning. • Contains a method for the construction of coherent and defensible arguments for the analysis and evaluation of scientific findings and for decisions based on them. • Is written in a lucid style, suitable for forensic scientists and lawyers with minimal mathematical background. • Includes a foreword by Ian Evett. The clear and accessible style of this second edition makes this book ideal for all forensic scientists, applied statisticians and graduate students wishing to evaluate forensic findings from the perspective of probability and decision analysis. It will also appeal to lawyers and other scientists and professionals interested in the evaluation and interpretation of forensic findings, including decision making based on scientific information.

Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences

Xiao-Hua Zhou,Chuan Zhou,Danping Lui,Xaiobo Ding
Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences Book PDF

Author : Xiao-Hua Zhou,Chuan Zhou,Danping Lui,Xaiobo Ding
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780470523810

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Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences by Xiao-Hua Zhou,Chuan Zhou,Danping Lui,Xaiobo Ding Pdf

A modern and practical guide to the essential concepts and ideas for analyzing data with missing observations in the field of biostatistics With an emphasis on hands-on applications, Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences outlines the various modern statistical methods for the analysis of missing data. The authors acknowledge the limitations of established techniques and provide newly-developed methods with concrete applications in areas such as causal inference methods and the field of diagnostic medicine. Organized by types of data, chapter coverage begins with an overall introduction to the existence and limitations of missing data and continues into traditional techniques for missing data inference, including likelihood-based, weighted GEE, multiple imputation, and Bayesian methods. The book’s subsequently covers cross-sectional, longitudinal, hierarchical, survival data. In addition, Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences features: Multiple data sets that can be replicated using the SAS®, Stata®, R, and WinBUGS software packages Numerous examples of case studies in the field of biostatistics to illustrate real-world scenarios and demonstrate applications of discussed methodologies Detailed appendices to guide readers through the use of the presented data in various software environments Applied Missing Data Analysis in the Health Sciences is an excellent textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level biostatistics courses as well as an ideal resource for health science researchers and applied statisticians.

Modeling and Analysis of Compositional Data

Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn,Juan José Egozcue,Raimon Tolosana-Delgado
Modeling and Analysis of Compositional Data Book PDF

Author : Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn,Juan José Egozcue,Raimon Tolosana-Delgado
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-17
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119003137

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Modeling and Analysis of Compositional Data by Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn,Juan José Egozcue,Raimon Tolosana-Delgado Pdf

Modeling and Analysis of Compositional Data presents a practical and comprehensive introduction to the analysis of compositional data along with numerous examples to illustrate both theory and application of each method. Based upon short courses delivered by the authors, it provides a complete and current compendium of fundamental to advanced methodologies along with exercises at the end of each chapter to improve understanding, as well as data and a solutions manual which is available on an accompanying website. Complementing Pawlowsky-Glahn’s earlier collective text that provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in this field, Modeling and Analysis of Compositional Data fills a gap in the literature for a much-needed manual for teaching, self learning or consulting.

How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research

Michael J. Campbell,Stephen J. Walters
How to Design Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Campbell,Stephen J. Walters
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118763605

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How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research by Michael J. Campbell,Stephen J. Walters Pdf

A complete guide to understanding cluster randomised trials Written by two researchers with extensive experience in the field, this book presents a complete guide to the design, analysis and reporting of cluster randomised trials. It spans a wide range of applications: trials in developing countries, trials in primary care, trials in the health services. A key feature is the use of R code and code from other popular packages to plan and analyse cluster trials, using data from actual trials. The book contains clear technical descriptions of the models used, and considers in detail the ethics involved in such trials and the problems in planning them. For readers and students who do not intend to run a trial but wish to be a critical reader of the literature, there are sections on the CONSORT statement, and exercises in reading published trials. Written in a clear, accessible style Features real examples taken from the authors’ extensive practitioner experience of designing and analysing clinical trials Demonstrates the use of R, Stata and SPSS for statistical analysis Includes computer code so the reader can replicate all the analyses Discusses neglected areas such as ethics and practical issues in running cluster randomised trials How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research provides an excellent reference tool and can be read with profit by statisticians, health services researchers, systematic reviewers and critical readers of cluster randomised trials.

Handbook of Field Experiments

Esther Duflo,Abhijit Banerjee
Handbook of Field Experiments Book PDF

Author : Esther Duflo,Abhijit Banerjee
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780444633255

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Handbook of Field Experiments by Esther Duflo,Abhijit Banerjee Pdf

Handbook of Field Experiments explains how to conduct experimental research, presents a catalog on what research has uncovered thus far, and describes which areas remain to be explored. The section on methodology will be of particular interest to scholars working with experimental methods. Among substantive findings, contributors report on a body of results in areas from politics, to education, and firm productivity, demonstrating the power of these methods, while shedding light on issues such as robustness and external validity. Separating itself from circumscribed debates of specialists, this volume surpasses in usefulness the many journal articles and narrowly-defined books written by practitioners. Balances methodological insights with analyses of principal findings and suggestions for further research Appeals broadly to social scientists seeking to develop an expertise in field experiments Strives to be analytically rigorous Written in language that is accessible to graduate students and non-specialist economists

Causal Inference in Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences

Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin
Causal Inference in Statistics Social and Biomedical Sciences Book PDF

Author : Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 647 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521885881

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Causal Inference in Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences by Guido W. Imbens,Donald B. Rubin Pdf

This text presents statistical methods for studying causal effects and discusses how readers can assess such effects in simple randomized experiments.

Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles

David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Weight of Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles Book PDF

Author : David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118814550

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Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles by David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele Pdf

DNA evidence is widely used in the modern justice system. Statistical methodology plays a key role in ensuring that this evidence is collected, interpreted, analysed and presented correctly. This book is a guide to assessing DNA evidence and presenting that evidence in a courtroom setting. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability, and provides the scientist with the understanding they require to apply the methods in their work. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2005 there have been many incremental changes, and one dramatic change which is the emergence of low template DNA (LTDNA) profiles. This second edition is edited and expanded to cover the basics of LTDNA technology. The author's own open-source R code likeLTD is described and used for worked examples in the book. Commercial and free software are also covered.

Statistical Methods for Evaluating Safety in Medical Product Development

A. Lawrence Gould
Statistical Methods for Evaluating Safety in Medical Product Development Book PDF

Author : A. Lawrence Gould
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118763100

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Statistical Methods for Evaluating Safety in Medical Product Development by A. Lawrence Gould Pdf

This book gives professionals in clinical research valuable information on the challenging issues of the design, execution, and management of clinical trials, and how to resolve these issues effectively. It also provides understanding and practical guidance on the application of contemporary statistical methods to contemporary issues in safety evaluation during medical product development. Each chapter provides sufficient detail to the reader to undertake the design and analysis of experiments at various stages of product development, including comprehensive references to the relevant literature. Provides a guide to statistical methods and application in medical product development Assists readers in undertaking design and analysis of experiments at various stages of product development Features case studies throughout the book, as well as, SAS and R code

Applied Mixed Models in Medicine

Helen Brown,Robin Prescott
Applied Mixed Models in Medicine Book PDF

Author : Helen Brown,Robin Prescott
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-12-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118778241

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Applied Mixed Models in Medicine by Helen Brown,Robin Prescott Pdf

A fully updated edition of this key text on mixed models, focusing on applications in medical research The application of mixed models is an increasingly popular way of analysing medical data, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. A mixed model allows the incorporation of both fixed and random variables within a statistical analysis, enabling efficient inferences and more information to be gained from the data. There have been many recent advances in mixed modelling, particularly regarding the software and applications. This third edition of Brown and Prescott’s groundbreaking text provides an update on the latest developments, and includes guidance on the use of current SAS techniques across a wide range of applications. Presents an overview of the theory and applications of mixed models in medical research, including the latest developments and new sections on incomplete block designs and the analysis of bilateral data. Easily accessible to practitioners in any area where mixed models are used, including medical statisticians and economists. Includes numerous examples using real data from medical and health research, and epidemiology, illustrated with SAS code and output. Features the new version of SAS, including new graphics for model diagnostics and the procedure PROC MCMC. Supported by a website featuring computer code, data sets, and further material. This third edition will appeal to applied statisticians working in medical research and the pharmaceutical industry, as well as teachers and students of statistics courses in mixed models. The book will also be of great value to a broad range of scientists, particularly those working in the medical and pharmaceutical areas.

Crossover Designs

Kung-Jong Lui
Crossover Designs Book PDF

Author : Kung-Jong Lui
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119114697

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Crossover Designs by Kung-Jong Lui Pdf

A comprehensive and practical resource for analyses of crossover designs For ethical reasons, it is vital to keep the number of patients in a clinical trial as low as possible. As evidenced by extensive research publications, crossover design can be a useful and powerful tool to reduce the number of patients needed for a parallel group design in studying treatments for non-curable chronic diseases. This book introduces commonly-used and well-established statistical tests and estimators in epidemiology that can easily be applied to hypothesis testing and estimation of the relative treatment effect for various types of data scale in crossover designs. Models with distribution-free random effects are assumed and hence most approaches considered here are semi-parametric. The book provides clinicians and biostatisticians with the exact test procedures and exact interval estimators, which are applicable even when the number of patients in a crossover trial is small. Systematic discussion on sample size determination is also included, which will be a valuable resource for researchers involved in crossover trial design. Key features: Provides exact test procedures and interval estimators, which are especially of use in small-sample cases. Presents most test procedures and interval estimators in closed-forms, enabling readers to calculate them by use of a pocket calculator or commonly-used statistical packages. Each chapter is self-contained, allowing the book to be used a reference resource. Uses real-life examples to illustrate the practical use of test procedures and estimators Provides extensive exercises to help readers appreciate the underlying theory, learn other relevant test procedures and understand how to calculate the required sample size. Crossover Designs: Testing, Estimation and Sample Size will be a useful resource for researchers from biostatistics, as well as pharmaceutical and clinical sciences. It can also be used as a textbook or reference for graduate students studying clinical experiments.

Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials

Anne Whitehead
Meta Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials Book PDF

Author : Anne Whitehead
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2003-01-17
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780470854198

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Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials by Anne Whitehead Pdf

Over the last twenty years there has been a dramatic upsurge in the application of meta-analysis to medical research. This has mainly been due to greater emphasis on evidence-based medicine and the need for reliable summaries of the vast and expanding volume of clinical research. At the same time there have been great strides in the development and refinement of the associated statistical methodology. This book describes the planning, conduct and reporting of a meta-analysis as applied to a series of randomized controlled clinical trials. * The various approaches are presented within a general unified framework. * Meta-analysis techniques are described in detail, from their theoretical development through to practical implementation. * Each topic discussed is supported by detailed worked examples. * A comparison of fixed and random effects approaches is included, as well as a discussion of Bayesian methods and cumulative meta-analysis. * Fully documented programs using standard statistical procedures in SAS are available on the Web. Ideally suited for practising statisticians and statistically-minded medical professionals, the book will also be of use to graduate students of medical statistics. The book is a self-contained and comprehensive account of the subject and an essential purchase for anyone involved in clinical trials.

Advances in Clinical Trial Biostatistics

Nancy L. Geller
Advances in Clinical Trial Biostatistics Book PDF

Author : Nancy L. Geller
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2003-10-21
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780824757076

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Advances in Clinical Trial Biostatistics by Nancy L. Geller Pdf

From aspects of early trials to complex modeling problems, Advances in Clinical Trial Biostatistics summarizes current methodologies used in the design and analysis of clinical trials. Its chapters, contributed by internationally renowned methodologists experienced in clinical trials, address topics that include Bayesian methods for phase I clinical trials, adaptive two-stage clinical trials, and the design and analysis of cluster randomization trials, trials with multiple endpoints, and therapeutic equivalence trials. Other discussions explore Bayesian reporting, methods incorporating compliance in treatment evaluation, and statistical issues emerging from clinical trials in HIV infection.