Biomarkers Functional Mechanisms And Therapeutic Potentials In Gastrointestinal Cancers

Author : Zequn Li,Kui Zhang,Qun Zhang,Huashan Shi,Dongshi Chen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832538982

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Biomarkers, Functional Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potentials in Gastrointestinal Cancers by Zequn Li,Kui Zhang,Qun Zhang,Huashan Shi,Dongshi Chen Pdf

Significant changes in diet, environment, and population increase gastrointestinal cancer morbidity. A growing number of novel biomarkers and underlying mechanisms are being elucidated, some of which may even conflict with assumptions of past decades. Therefore, collecting recent findings on novel diagnostic/prognostic factors, biomarkers, and/or risk factors in gastrointestinal cancers is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the disease. Despite remarkable progressions in surgical treatments and chemotherapies, the prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer is far from satisfactory due to the high occurrence of drug resistance. Based on the identification of novel biomarkers as well as their underlying mechanisms, targeted drug development will provide significant complementary therapeutic effects to conventional chemoradiotherapies. High-throughput methods such as next-generation sequencing on RNA level and mass spectrometry on protein/lipid/metabolite level serve as efficient strategies for biomarker identification and drug development. This Research Topic aims at presenting recent advances on gastrointestinal cancer biomarkers and their underlying functional mechanisms, providing a better understanding of carcinogenesis, tumor progression, tumor relapse, as well as drug resistance. This will subsequently contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions targeting gastrointestinal cancers, thus improving patients' outcomes.

Author : Pallaval Veera Bramhachari,Nageswara Rao Reddy Neelapu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811544316

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Recent Advancements in Biomarkers and Early Detection of Gastrointestinal Cancers by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari,Nageswara Rao Reddy Neelapu Pdf

This book describes various novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. It also highlights recent advances in understanding the role of molecular markers and biomarkers, such as volatile biomarkers, serum biomarkers, predictive and prognostic molecular markers for the early detection of GI cancers. Further, it discusses novel biomarkers, including circulating microRNAs, serum microRNA and plasma microRNA in GI cancer. The book presents breakthrough technologies like ultra-sensitive nano-chips, nanosensors, nanodevices, biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, DNA biosensors, synthetic biology devices, and 'omics' technologies for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer. In addition it examines the potential of genome-wide association studies, big data analytics, computation biology, systems biology, and nanotechnology for early diagnostics and therapeutics for gastrointestinal cancer, with a focus on personalized cancer treatment. The book is a valuable source for researchers and clinicians engaged in detection and diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers.

Author : Fabrizio Bronte,Kanjoormana Aryan Manu,Emilio Francesco Giunta
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832531457

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Reviews in Gastrointestinal Cancers by Fabrizio Bronte,Kanjoormana Aryan Manu,Emilio Francesco Giunta Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723

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How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by Anonim Pdf

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Author : Xiaofang Che,Yibo Fan,Jinyan Wang,Chunlei Zheng,Jia Wei
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832526101

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Gastrointestinal Cancer Immunotherapy: from Drug Resistance Mechanisms to Overcoming Strategies by Xiaofang Che,Yibo Fan,Jinyan Wang,Chunlei Zheng,Jia Wei Pdf

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including gastric cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and pancreatic cancer, seriously threaten the health of human beings worldwide with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The clinical successes achieved with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have opened a new cancer therapy era and brought new hope to cancer patients. However, the overall response rate (ORR) of ICI monotherapy in the non-selective population is only about 20%, in which some patients subsequently develop immunotherapy resistance. Moreover, the remaining 70-80% of patients displayed primary resistance to ICIs, and a few patients even experienced hyper progression disease (HPD). Although PD-L1 expression, mismatch repair deficient (MMRd), high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) , high homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), and tumor infiltrated immune cells (TILs) are known as effective biomarkers for immunotherapy, growing studies have reported that ICIs could not improve the OS of all patients with PD-L1 expression higher than 50%, and the ORR of MSI-H patients was only about 60%, whereas some patients with low PD-L1 expression or MSS could still benefit from immunotherapy, indicating the complexity of ICI resistance. Therefore, it is of great importance and significance to explore the prediction biomarkers for primary or acquired immunotherapy resistance and elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms and develop reversal strategies. Due to the multiple steps of the cancer immune cycle and complex immune microenvironment, any disorders of immune cell infiltration or T cell activation, such as lack of antigens and/or their presentation, lack of response to antigen presentation, and T cell priming, could contribute to ICI resistance. The combination with anti-angiogenesis therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and other ICIs has improved the efficacy of ICI therapy to some extent in the clinic. Although numerous studies related to ICI resistance were reported in GI cancers, due to the strong spatial/temporal heterogeneity and the complex immune microenvironment in different kinds of GI cancers and different individuals, many questions about ICI resistance and reversal strategies remain unsolved. The aim of this Research Topic is to provide a forum to exhibit the latest research achievement related to the exploration of biomarkers for immunotherapy resistance including HPD and the underlying molecular mechanisms, as well as the development of reversal strategies in GI cancers. We hope this Research Topic will lead to a better understanding of precision cancer immunotherapy and provide useful clues for clinical application to benefit more GI cancer patients with immunotherapy.

Author : Kevin M. Haigis, Ph.D.
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461484127

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Molecular Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer by Kevin M. Haigis, Ph.D. Pdf

Colorectal cancer has for more than two decades served as the paradigm for the multi-step concept of cancer initiation and progression. Perhaps more than any other organ site, cancer of the colon is extensively characterized at the molecular level. We are now entering a time when molecular classification, rather than histologic classification, of cancer subtypes is driving the development of clinical trials with emerging targeted therapies. The book will focus on the progression from the identification of mutations that drive colorectal cancer initiation and progression to the search for novel therapies to treat the disease.

Author : Chi Hin Cho,Tao Hu
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128199381

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Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies by Chi Hin Cho,Tao Hu Pdf

Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies, Volume Eight, summarizes the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in colorectal cancer, along with the most up-to-date therapeutic strategies available. The book discusses reasons why colorectal tumors become refractory during the progression of the disease, but also explains how drug resistance occurs during chemotherapy. In addition, users will find the current therapeutic strategies used by clinicians in their practice in treating colorectal cancer. The combination of conventional anticancer drugs with chemotherapy-sensitizing agents plays a pivotal role in improving the outcome of colorectal cancer patients, in particular those with drug-resistant cancer cells. From a clinical point-of-view, the content of this book provides clinicians with updated therapeutic strategies for a better choice of drugs for drug-resistant colorectal cancer patients. It will be a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists and several members of biomedical field who are dedicated to better treat patients with colorectal cancer. Presents a systemic summary of molecular mechanisms for a quick and in-depth understanding Updates current trends in the field with pioneering information on drug resistance Encompasses both basic and clinical approaches for a better understanding of unsolved problems from a holistic point-of-view

Author : Kanjoormana Aryan Manu,Divya P. Kumar,Muzafar Ahmad Macha
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2024-03-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832546147

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The Role of non-coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancers by Kanjoormana Aryan Manu,Divya P. Kumar,Muzafar Ahmad Macha Pdf

Gastrointestinal malignancies encompass a large number of tumor types, and collectively are responsible for a significant portion of new cancer cases annually. According to the IARC database, colorectal cancer alone is responsible for approximately 10% of new cases of cancer worldwide annually. There is significant heterogeneity across the various tumor types, with different pathways and factors involved in oncogenesis, as well as varying degrees of prognosis depending on the tumor type. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) contribute to a significant portion of the human transcriptome, and of particular interest are the micro-RNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular ncRNAs (circRNAs). With the advent of next-generation sequencing and new technologies such a minimally invasive biopsy techniques, there is a growing body of evidence elucidating the role of ncRNAs in the progression of various form of gastrointestinal cancers. Furthermore, in addition to their relevance to cancer progression, these ncRNAs have important potential as biomarkers and prognostic markers for various GI cancers.

Author : Zsolt Kovacs,Simona Gurzu,Raluca Ioana Stefan-van Staden,Cornelia Braicu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 682 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832526378

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Advanced Molecular Targets in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers by Zsolt Kovacs,Simona Gurzu,Raluca Ioana Stefan-van Staden,Cornelia Braicu Pdf

Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most common cancer types, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas. GI cancers are within the most frequent malignancy, with almost 150.000 new cases in 2020. On one hand a big number of researches are focused on the diagnosis, new diagnostic approaches in upper and lower gastrointestinal tract cancers. On the other hand in the last 10 years several papers had been published about the possible therapeutic targets, pointing to precision and personalized medicine.

Author : Leonard L. Gunderson, MD, MS, FASTRO,Joel E. Tepper, MD
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 2253 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-08-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323240987

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Clinical Radiation Oncology by Leonard L. Gunderson, MD, MS, FASTRO,Joel E. Tepper, MD Pdf

Perfect for radiation oncology physicians and residents needing a multidisciplinary, treatment-focused resource, this updated edition continues to provide the latest knowledge in this consistently growing field. Not only will you broaden your understanding of the basic biology of disease processes, you'll also access updated treatment algorithms, information on techniques, and state-of-the-art modalities. The consistent and concise format provides just the right amount of information, making Clinical Radiation Oncology a welcome resource for use by the entire radiation oncology team. Content is templated and divided into three sections -- Scientific Foundations of Radiation Oncology, Techniques and Modalities, and Disease Sites - for quick access to information. Disease Sites chapters summarize the most important issues on the opening page and include a full-color format, liberal use of tables and figures, a closing section with a discussion of controversies and problems, and a treatment algorithm that reflects the treatment approach of the authors. Chapters have been edited for scientific accuracy, organization, format, and adequacy of outcome data (such as disease control, survival, and treatment tolerance). Allows you to examine the therapeutic management of specific disease sites based on single-modality and combined-modality approaches. Features an emphasis on providing workup and treatment algorithms for each major disease process, as well as the coverage of molecular biology and its relevance to individual diseases. Two new chapters provide an increased emphasis on stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body irradiation (SBRT). New Associate Editor, Dr. Andrea Ng, offers her unique perspectives to the Lymphoma and Hematologic Malignancies section. Key Points are summarized at the beginning of each disease-site chapter, mirroring the template headings and highlighting essential information and outcomes. Treatment algorithms and techniques, together with discussions of controversies and problems, reflect the treatment approaches employed by the authors. Disease Site Overviews allow each section editor to give a unique perspective on important issues, while online updates to Disease Site chapters ensure your knowledge is current. Disease Site chapters feature updated information on disease management and outcomes. Four videos accessible on Expert Consult include Intraoperative Irradiation, Prostate Brachytherapy, Penile Brachytherapy, and Ocular Melanoma. Thirty all-new anatomy drawings increase your visual understanding. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Qualification of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309157278

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Evaluation of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Qualification of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease Pdf

Many people naturally assume that the claims made for foods and nutritional supplements have the same degree of scientific grounding as those for medication, but that is not always the case. The IOM recommends that the FDA adopt a consistent scientific framework for biomarker evaluation in order to achieve a rigorous and transparent process.

Author : Ruowen Zhang,XiuJuan Qu,Yu Zhang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889743971

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Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms in Gastrointestinal Tumorigenesis and Treatment by Ruowen Zhang,XiuJuan Qu,Yu Zhang Pdf

Author : Wafik S. El-Deiry,Massimo Broggini
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832534342

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365 Days of progress in cancer molecular targets and therapeutics by Wafik S. El-Deiry,Massimo Broggini Pdf

Author : Francesca Lovat
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3036530894

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MicroRNA in Solid Tumor and Hematological Diseases by Francesca Lovat Pdf

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are a type of short non-coding RNA, are involved in number of processes, such as differentiation, development, inflammation, immune response, and cancer. miRNAs, which act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, can control and regulate the translation and stability of target messenger RNA, contributing to cancer pathogenesis. Despite the progress that has been made in discovering the mechanisms of how miRNAs function in tumors, many questions and aspects of miRNA biology and processing still remain to be determined. This Special Issue, titled “MicroRNA in Solid Tumor and Hematological Diseases”, provides a panorama of the existing knowledge gaps and potential uses of microRNAs to predict clinical outcome or response to therapies and provides evidence to explain their role as biomarkers to modulate the biological pathways that are critical for cancer development and progression. It includes eleven peer-reviewed papers that cover the role of microRNAs in different tumor types and their potential applications in diagnosis and clinical approaches.

Author : Nadia M. Hamdy,Aditi Banerjee,Divya P. Kumar
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 134 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832525630

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Women in Gastrointestinal Cancers, volume II: 2022 by Nadia M. Hamdy,Aditi Banerjee,Divya P. Kumar Pdf