Calculating Private And Social Returns To Covid 19 Vaccine Innovation

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Calculating private and social returns to COVID-19 vaccine innovation

World Intellectual Property Organization,Carsten Fink
Calculating private and social returns to COVID 19 vaccine innovation Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization,Carsten Fink
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Calculating private and social returns to COVID-19 vaccine innovation by World Intellectual Property Organization,Carsten Fink Pdf

What is the return to COVID-19 vaccine innovation? This paper seeks to quantify both private and social returns, using available data on commercialized vaccines and certain assumptions about the pandemic’s epidemiological path as well as the economic costs of containment measures. The calculations reveal high returns to innovation. In the baseline scenario, the social benefit of vaccine innovation amounts to 70.5 trillion United States (U.S.) dollars globally, exceeding its private benefit by a factor of 887. The calculations bear on the private and public incentives to invest in vaccine innovation.

Calculating Private and Social Returns to COVID-19 Vaccine Innovation

Carsten Fink
Calculating Private and Social Returns to COVID 19 Vaccine Innovation Book PDF

Author : Carsten Fink
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Medical innovations
ISBN : OCLC:1348116451

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Calculating Private and Social Returns to COVID-19 Vaccine Innovation by Carsten Fink Pdf

What is the return to COVID-19 vaccine innovation? This paper seeks to quantify both private and social returns, using available data on commercialized vaccines and certain assumptions about the pandemic's epidemiological path as well as the economic costs of containment measures. The calculations reveal high returns to innovation. In the baseline scenario, the social benefit of vaccine innovation amounts to 70.5 trillion United States (U.S.) dollars globally, exceeding its private benefit by a factor of 887. The calculations bear on the private and public incentives to invest in vaccine innovation.

COVID-19 and the Law

I. Glenn Cohen,Abbe R. Gluck,Katherine Kraschel,Carmel Shachar
COVID 19 and the Law Book PDF

Author : I. Glenn Cohen,Abbe R. Gluck,Katherine Kraschel,Carmel Shachar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781009265744

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COVID-19 and the Law by I. Glenn Cohen,Abbe R. Gluck,Katherine Kraschel,Carmel Shachar Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enduring effect across the entire spectrum of law and policy, in areas ranging from health equity and racial justice, to constitutional law, the law of prisons, federal benefit programs, election law and much more. This collection provides a critical reflection on what changes the pandemic has already introduced, and what its legacy may be. Chapters evaluate how healthcare and government institutions have succeeded and failed during this global 'stress test,' and explore how the US and the world will move forward to ensure we are better prepared for future pandemics. This timely volume identifies the right questions to ask as we take stock of pandemic realities and provides guidance for the many stakeholders of COVID-19's legal legacy. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

World Intellectual Property Report 2024

World Intellectual Property Organization
World Intellectual Property Report 2024 Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789280536171

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World Intellectual Property Report 2024 by World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

Combining economic analysis with in-depth industry studies, the 2024 edition of the World Intellectual Property Report introduces a new data-driven methodology designed to help policymakers make informed decisions by leveraging existing local innovation capabilities and strengthen their national innovation ecosystems. Complementing this framework are three case studies across the agriculture technology, motorcycle and video game industries, spanning eight different countries. These studies demonstrate how countries have successfully carved out specialized trajectories within innovative and complex industries.

World Intellectual Property Report 2022

World Intellectual Property Organization
World Intellectual Property Report 2022 Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789280533842

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World Intellectual Property Report 2022 by World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

What is the direction of innovation? As the world looks to rebuild from the pandemic, innovation has a crucial role to play in opening up new growth possibilities and creating much needed solutions to the common challenges we face. Decisions on innovation may be complex, but, as this report highlights, it is vital that they are understood.

Batman forever? The economics of overlapping rights

Cuntz, Alexander,Kaiser, Franziska,World Intellectual Property Organization
Batman forever The economics of overlapping rights Book PDF

Author : Cuntz, Alexander,Kaiser, Franziska,World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Batman forever? The economics of overlapping rights by Cuntz, Alexander,Kaiser, Franziska,World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

When copyrighted comic characters are also protected under trademark laws, intellectual property (IP) rights can be overlapping. Arguably, registering a trademark can increase transaction costs for cross-media uses of characters, or it can help advertise across multiple sales channels. In an application to book, movie and video game publishing industries, we thus ask how creative reuse (innovation in uses) is affected in situations of overlapping rights, and whether ‘fuzzy boundaries’ of right frameworks are in fact enhancing or decreasing content sales.

Imagining the Internet

Janna Quitney Anderson
Imagining the Internet Book PDF

Author : Janna Quitney Anderson
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2005-07-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780742568662

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Imagining the Internet by Janna Quitney Anderson Pdf

In the early 1990s, people predicted the death of privacy, an end to the current concept of 'property,' a paperless society, 500 channels of high-definition interactive television, world peace, and the extinction of the human race after a takeover engineered by intelligent machines. Imagining the Internet zeroes in on predictions about the Internet's future and revisits past predictions—and how they turned out. It gives the history of communications in a nutshell, illustrating the serious impact of pervasive networks and how they will change our lives over the next century.

Measuring the International Mobility of Inventors: A New Database

Ernest Miguelez,Carsten Fink,World Intellectual Property Organization
Measuring the International Mobility of Inventors A New Database Book PDF

Author : Ernest Miguelez,Carsten Fink,World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Measuring the International Mobility of Inventors: A New Database by Ernest Miguelez,Carsten Fink,World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

This paper has two objectives. First, it describes a new database mapping migratory patterns of inventors, extracted from information included in patent applications filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty. It explains in detail the information contained in the database and discusses the usefulness and reliability of the underlying data. Second, the paper provides a descriptive overview of inventor migration patterns, based on the information contained in the newly constructed database.

Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID 19 Vaccine Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309682244

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Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus Pdf

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the societal disruption it has brought, national governments and the international community have invested billions of dollars and immense amounts of human resources to develop a safe and effective vaccine in an unprecedented time frame. Vaccination against this novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), offers the possibility of significantly reducing severe morbidity and mortality and transmission when deployed alongside other public health strategies and improved therapies. Health equity is intertwined with the impact of COVID-19 and there are certain populations that are at increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. In the United States and worldwide, the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on people who are already disadvantaged by virtue of their race and ethnicity, age, health status, residence, occupation, socioeconomic condition, or other contributing factors. Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine offers an overarching framework for vaccine allocation to assist policy makers in the domestic and global health communities. Built on widely accepted foundational principles and recognizing the distinctive characteristics of COVID-19, this report's recommendations address the commitments needed to implement equitable allocation policies for COVID-19 vaccine.

Global Trends 2040

National Intelligence Council
Global Trends 2040 Book PDF

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Measuring the income to intangibles in goods production: a global value chain approach

World Intellectual Property Organization,Wen Chen,Reitze Gouma,Bart Los,Marcel P. Timmer
Measuring the income to intangibles in goods production a global value chain approach Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization,Wen Chen,Reitze Gouma,Bart Los,Marcel P. Timmer
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Measuring the income to intangibles in goods production: a global value chain approach by World Intellectual Property Organization,Wen Chen,Reitze Gouma,Bart Los,Marcel P. Timmer Pdf

Today’s production processes are fragmented across countries and industries. Intangibles play an important role, but their measurement is elusive. This paper proposes a new empirical framework to measure factor incomes in production that spans industries and countries.

Intangible assets and value capture in global value chains: the smartphone industry

World Intellectual Property Organization,Jason Dedrick,Kenneth L. Kraemer
Intangible assets and value capture in global value chains the smartphone industry Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization,Jason Dedrick,Kenneth L. Kraemer
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Intangible assets and value capture in global value chains: the smartphone industry by World Intellectual Property Organization,Jason Dedrick,Kenneth L. Kraemer Pdf

This report uses data on individual smart phones as well as industry data to identify which smartphone firms capture the most value. It finds that Apple captures most of the industry profits, thanks to its high prices, large profit margins and the volume of iPhone sales worldwide. Apple’s success is explained as a result of its ability to develop its own intellectual property (IP) and take advantage of IP created by suppliers through a strategy of selling only a few models at high prices compared to competitors.

Economic growth and breakthrough innovations: A case study of nanotechnology

World Intellectual Property Organization,Lisa Larrimore Ouellette
Economic growth and breakthrough innovations A case study of nanotechnology Book PDF

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization,Lisa Larrimore Ouellette
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Economic growth and breakthrough innovations: A case study of nanotechnology by World Intellectual Property Organization,Lisa Larrimore Ouellette Pdf

This paper examines the role of intellectual property and other innovation incentives in the development of one field of breakthrough innovation: nanotechnology. Because nanotechnology is an enabling technology across a wide range of fields, the nanotechnology innovation ecosystem appears to be a microcosm of the global innovation ecosystem. Part I describes the nature of nanotechnology and its economic contribution, Part II explores the nanotechnology innovation ecosystem, and Part III focuses on the role of IP systems in the development of nanotechnology.

OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity

OECD
OECD Science Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264784321

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OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2021 Times of Crisis and Opportunity by OECD Pdf

In immediate responses to the COVID-19 crisis, science and innovation are playing essential roles in providing a better scientific understanding of the virus, as well as in the development of vaccines, treatments and diagnostics. Both the public and private sectors have poured billions of dollars into these efforts, accompanied by unprecedented levels of global cooperation.

Innovation in the Mining Sector and Cycles in Commodity Prices

Giulia Valacchi,Julio Raffo,Alica Daly,David Humphreys,World Intellectual Property Organization
Innovation in the Mining Sector and Cycles in Commodity Prices Book PDF

Author : Giulia Valacchi,Julio Raffo,Alica Daly,David Humphreys,World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Innovation in the Mining Sector and Cycles in Commodity Prices by Giulia Valacchi,Julio Raffo,Alica Daly,David Humphreys,World Intellectual Property Organization Pdf

This paper analyses the evolution of innovation in the mining sector and how this innovation responds to the economic environment, in particular to changes in commodity prices. For this purpose, we combine commodity price data with innovation data as proxied by patent filings extracted from a novel unit record database containing comprehensive patent and firm level data for the mining sector from 1970 to 2015. We include patents registered both by mining companies and mining equipment, technology and service (METS) firms. With a multi-country panel analysis, we find that innovation in the mining sector is cyclical. Innovation increases in periods of high commodity prices while decreasing during commodity price recessions. Our results suggest that innovation increases mostly with long price cycle variations, while mostly unaffected by medium and short cycles. METS related innovation seem the driving force of this mechanism. In contrast, countries specializing in mining industries are found to be slower in reacting to price changes.