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Author : Wilfred A. Côté
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 664 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B3741915
Author : Wilfred A. Côté (Jr.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:875342329
Author : B. A. Meylan,B. G. Butterfield
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1972-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0815650302
The reader has only to turn a few pages of this book to appreciate that these scanning electron microscope photographs are of superb quality. The great advantage of the scanning electron microscope over the light and transmission electron microscopes is that having a vastly greater depth of field, the subject is viewed as a three-dimensional structure. Topics covered include : the cell wall ; distribution and patterns of wall pitting; perforation plates; the structure of rays; axial parenchyma; growth rings ; vessel distribution ; resin canals; and gymnosperm and angiosperm woods. The photographs relating to each topic are preceded by a succinct section of text, written for the undergraduate botany /forestry student, and a short reference list of suggested further reading.
Author : John A. Romberger,Zygmunt Hejnowicz,Jane F. Hill
Publisher : Springer
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1993-05-03
Category : Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D00910491D
This book is about the developmental anatomy of large, complex plants, particularly of the woody plants that grow and survive for decades or centuries. It is focused on the meaning of that anatomy, that integrated structure, as a determinant of effective function. A pervading theme is that the plant structures that have survived "selection" processes during the eons of organismal evolution, within the larger context of geo logic and climatic evolution, are well attuned to biochemical and biophysical principles that determine and define efficient function. The sets of structure-and-function couples existing in the various plant taxa differ so widely that generalities are often difficult to discern. This diversity is due partly to the broad range of ecological conditions to which higher plant organisms have become adapted under stresses imposed by competition and continual climatic change. It is also due to the tendency of different taxa, with their different complements of inherited information, to respond to similar situations in different ways. Cognizant of this reality, we have tried throughout the book to avoid generalizing too broadly on the basis of data from the relatively small fraction of plant species that have as yet been studied. This book is intended for those who have already studied the anatomy and develop ment of plants. It is addressed to advanced students, teachers, and researchers in the interrelated fields of botany, forestry, horticulture, and agronomy, and to others having professional interests in the culture of woody plants and the stewardship of ecosystems.
Author : John W. Rowe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1275 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642740756
Wood as found in trees and bushes was of primary importance to ancient humans in their struggle to control their environment. Subsequent evolution through the Bronze and Iron Ages up to our present technologically advanced society has hardly diminished the importance of wood. Today, its role as a source of paper products, furniture, building materials, and fuel is still of major significance. Wood consists of a mixture of polymers, often referred to as lignocellulose. The cellulose micro fibrils consist of an immensely strong, linear polymer of glucose. They are associated with smaller, more complex polymers composed of various sugars called hemicelluloses. These polysaccharides are embedded in an amorphous phenylpropane polymer, lignin, creating a remarkably strong com posite structure, the lignocellulosic cell wall. Wood also contains materials that are largely extraneous to this lignocellulosic cell wall. These extracellular substances can range from less than 1070 to about 35% of the dry weight of the wood, but the usual range is 2% -10%. Among these components are the mineral constituents, salts of calcium, potassium, sodium, and other metals, particularly those present in the soil where the tree is growing. Some of the extraneous components of wood are too insoluble to be ex tracted by inert solvents and remain to give extractive-free wood its color; very often these are high-molecular-weight polyphenolics.
Author : Nigel J Chaffey
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2002-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203166444
Trees are a major component of the biosphere and have played an important part in the world's history and culture. With the modern challenges of global warming and dwindling fossil fuel reserves, trees, and in particular their wood, can provide solutions. Unfortunately, too little is known about the biology of these plants, due largely to a lack of
Author : Jörg Fromm
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783642364914
With today’s ever growing economic and ecological problems, wood as a raw material takes on increasing significance as the most important renewable source of energy and as industrial feedstock for numerous products. Its chemical and anatomical structure and the excellent properties that result allow wood to be processed into the most diverse products; from logs to furniture and veneers, and from wood chippings to wooden composites and paper. The aim of this book is to review advances in research on the cellular aspects of cambial growth and wood formation in trees over recent decades. The book is divided into two major parts. The first part covers the basic process of wood biosynthesis, focusing on five major steps that are involved in this process: cell division, cell expansion, secondary cell wall formation, programmed cell death and heartwood formation. The second part of the book deals with the regulation of wood formation by endogenous and exogenous factors. On the endogenous level the emphasis is placed on two aspects: control of wood formation by phytohormones and by molecular mechanisms. Apart from endogenous factors, various exogenous effects (such as climate factors) are involved in wood formation. Due to modern microscopic as well as molecular techniques, the understanding of wood formation has progressed significantly over the last decade. Emphasizing the cellular aspects, this book first gives an overview of the basic process of wood formation, before it focuses on factors involved in the regulation of this process.
Author : Anthony Williams Robards,Anthony William Robards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B5018643
The nucleus; Mitochondria; The endomembrane concept: a functional integration of endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus; Ultrastructure of mature chloroplasts; Lysosomes; Plant microtubules; Plant cell walls; Gland cells; Cambial cells; Transfer cells; Reproduction in flowering plants; Motile male gametes of plants.
Author : Wilfred A. Côté
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D02110385G
Author : Brian E. S. Gunning,Martin W. Steer
Publisher : Hodder Education
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822011705936
Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181
Author : George Tsoumis
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483159522
Wood as Raw Material: Source, Structure, Chemical Composition, Growth, Degradation and Identification focuses on the scientific advancements in general forestry. This book discusses the value of wood as a raw material as looked upon from biological, botanical, and technical perspective. Organized into 12 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the importance of forest trees as sources of wood. This text then examines the chemical composition and ultrastructure of wood. Other chapters explain the biological mechanisms of wood and bark formation by forest trees. This book discusses as well the certain fundamental relationships between tree growth and wood structure. The final chapter deals with wood identification in North America and European forest tree species. This book is a valuable resource for students engaged in the study of forest management, wood science and technology, tree physiology, silviculture, forest soils, forest genetics, forest engineering, pulp and paper technology, forest and wood pathology, and other specialized areas. Foresters and technologists will also find this book useful.
Author : Charles B. Beck
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2005-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521837405
An Introduction to Plant Structure and Development incorporates basic knowledge of plant anatomy with contemporary information and ideas about the development of structure and form.
Author : F. Loewus
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461588733
Forest trees constitute one of the major resources of the world and their utilization, either for structural purposes or for the materials which they yield, dates back to antiquity. Over the centuries, the exploitation of this resource has become progressively more sophisticated, and, in many parts of the world has led to the development of highly complex forest-based industries. The research and development work which led to these industrial uses fostered the formation of numerous technical societies and associations, which, through their meetings and publi cations, have facilitated communication and the exchange of ideas. Over the years, there have been numerous symposia devoted to wood and the many facets of its properties and utilization. However, rarely has the emphasis in such symposia been placed upon the living tree and the changes which it undergoes in relation to its ultimate utilization. Hence the Phytochemical Society of North America arranged the symposium, "The Structure, Biosynthesis, and Degradation of Wood", held at the University of British Columbia in August, 1976. the contributions to which form the basis of the present volume.
Author : Noriyuki Morohoshi,Atsushi Komamine
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2001-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080536750
At present, plants and agricultural sciences are playing a leading role in providing solutions to problems created by an ever growing world population. Through plant biotechnology scientists are seeking ways to improve crop functions that rapidly promote food production. Agricultural science is being used to experiment with producing plants tolerant to environmental stresses such as drought, salinity and coldness. Of the plant species, woody plants are producing the most abundant biomass resources, playing important roles in the suppression of carbon dioxide increase and supplying huge energy and resources to human beings in the biosphere. These Proceedings discuss the recent results of fundamental and applied research for global resource and energy, biomass production and environmental problems from the aspect of woody science. Topics include: - Formation of the vascular bundle - Biosynthesis of cellulose - Lignin biosynthesis and transgenic woody plants - Cell and tissue culture, and transformation in gymnosperms - Micropropagation of woody plants