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Author : Matjaž Potrc,Vojko Strahovnik,Mark Lance
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2010-11-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135892524
Containing eleven essays covering a broad range of topics, this book addresses developments in particularist moral theory.
Author : Brad Hooker,Margaret Olivia Little
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0198238843
Moral Particularism is a timely and penetrating investigation of a theoretical approach that seeks to transform moral philosophy. In the face of continuing disagreement about which general moral principles are correct, there has been a resurgence of interest in the view that correct moral judgements can be only about particular cases. This view, moral particularism, presages a revolution in ordinary moral practice, which has hitherto consisted largely of appeals to general moral principles. Moral particularism also opposes the main aim of most contemporary normative moral theory, which consists in attempts to show that either one general principle or a set of general principles is superior to all its rivals.
Author : Sean McKeever,Michael Ridge
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199290659
Moral philosophy has long been dominated by the aim of understanding morality and the virtues in terms of principles. The assumption that this is the best approach has been attacked by particularists. The authors meet the particularist challenge head on and defend 'generalism as a regulative ideal'.
Author : Benedict Smith
Publisher : Springer
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2010-11-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780230292437
Particularism and the Space of Moral Reasons critically assesses the startling idea that our moral reasoning does not need to use moral principles. If we don't have principles, how do we work out what to do? This book examines 'moral particularism', a controversial idea at the forefront of contemporary moral theory.
Author : Maike Albertzart
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781472574213
The history of moral philosophy has been dominated by attempts to find and defend the correct moral principle or set of principles. However, over the last two decades the assumption that morality can and should be understood in terms of principles has come under attack from several quarters. The most radical attack has come from so-called moral particularists according to whom principles are at best useless and at worst a hindrance to successful moral reasoning and action. Why should – and how can – morality be based on principles? These are the leading questions of this book. Moral Principles offers a historically informed, in-depth examination of the current particularist/generalist debate and presents a novel account of the place of principles in our moral thought and action.
Author : Jonathan Dancy
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2004-06-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191533570
Jonathan Dancy presents a long-awaited exposition and defence of particularism in ethics, a view with which he has been associated for twenty years. He argues that the traditional link between morality and principles, or between being moral and having principles, is little more than a mistake. The possibility of moral thought and judgement does not in any way depend on an adequate supply of principles. Dancy grounds this claim on a form of reasons-holism, holding that what is a reason in one case need not be any reason in another, and maintaining that moral reasons are no different in this respect from others. He puts forward a distinctive form of value-holism to go with the holism of reasons, and he gives a detailed discussion, much needed, of the currently popular topic of 'contributory' reasons. Opposing positions of all sorts are summarized and criticized. Ethics Without Principles is the definitive statement of particularist ethical theory, and will be required reading for all those working on moral philosophy and ethical theory.
Author : Ulrik Kihlbom
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015052645168
This is a PhD dissertation. Ethical particularism claims that any non-moral feature that in one situation is a reason why something is, for example, morally wrong, may in another situation be morally irrelevant or have an opposite moral valence. Ethical particularism entails, in other words, the non-existence of true or sound moral principles. Actions, persons, and situations acquire their moral features contextually in a way that escapes codification in principled terms. Particularism comes in this way in conflict with a classical approach to moral philosophy
Author : Michael Winter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400721937
Rethinking Virtue Ethics offers a model of Aristotelian virtue ethics based on a deductive paradigm. This book argues that, contrary to what many contemporary thinkers are inclined to believe, Aristotelian virtue ethics is consistent with at least some action-guiding moral principles being true unconditionally, and that a justification for general moral principles can be grounded in fundamental concepts within Aristotle’s theory. An analysis of ethical propositions that hold for the most part is proposed that fits well within the deductive paradigm developed. This unique interpretation of virtue ethics has implications for recent discussions of the virtues in social psychology, issues about how fundamental moral principles are known, questions about the justification of inalienable rights, debates about moral particularism and generalism, and discussions of moral realism and anti-realism.
Author : Laurence A. Blum
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135156213
Friendship, Altruism, and Morality, originally published in 1980, gives an account of "altruistic emotions" (compassion, sympathy, concern) and friendship that brings out their moral value. Blum argues that moral theories centered on rationality, universal principle, obligation, and impersonality cannot capture this moral importance. This was one of the first books in contemporary moral philosophy to emphasize the moral significance of emotions, to deal with friendship as a moral phenomenon, and to challenge the rationalism of standard interpretations of Kant, although Blum’s "sentimentalism" owes more to Schopenhauer than to Hume. It was a forerunner to care ethics, and feminist ethics more generally; to virtue ethics; and to subsequent influential interpretations of Kant that attempted to room for altruistic emotion and friendship, and other forms of particularism and partialism. In addition, the work has been widely influential in religious studies, political theory, bioethics, and feminist ethics.
Author : Carl Elliott
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2001-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0822326469
DIVExplores issue of how we should think about postmodern bioethics and suggests that many of the questions that bioethicists pose as problematic in postmodernity are, in fact, reactions to Wittgensteinian thought-- yet bioethicists as a rule are unfamiliar/div
Author : Mark Timmons
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780742564930
Moral Theory: An Introduction explores some of the most historically important and currently debated moral theories about the nature of the right and good. Providing an introduction to moral theory that explains and critically examines the theories of such classical moral philosophers as Aristotle, Aquinas, Kant, Bentham, Mill, and Ross, this book acquaints students with the work of contemporary moral philosophers. All of the book's chapters have been revised in light of recent work in moral theory. The second edition includes a new chapter on ethical egoism, an extensively revised chapter on moral particularism, and expanded coverage of divine command theory, moral relativism, and consequentialism. Additionally, this edition discusses recent work by moral psychologists that is making an impact on moral theory.
Author : Christian B. Miller
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350217898
Updated and expanded to represent the fundamental questions at the heart of philosophical ethics today, the second edition of The Bloomsbury Handbook of Ethics covers the key topics in metaethics and normative ethical theory. This edition includes 12 fully revised chapters, and 3 newly commissioned contributions from a range of esteemed academics who provide accessible introductions to their own areas of expertise. The first part of the book covers the field of metaethics, including subjects such as moral realism, expressivism, constructivism, practical reason, moral psychology, experimental ethics, and evolutionary ethics, as well as two new chapters that respond to ethical debates concerning moral relativism and moral responsibility that enable students and scholars to better navigate this complicated ethical terrain. Moving onto normative ethical theory, the second part of the book ranges across morality and religion, consequentialism, and particularism, as well as Kantian, virtue, feminist, and Confucian ethics. This comprehensive edition provides a one-stop resource for students of ethics, which includes updated detailed overviews of the field and methodological issues, as well as an appendix of additional resources, including technical terms in ethics.
Author : Diane Jeske
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2008-08-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135854645
This book provides answers to both normative and metaethical questions in a way that shows the interconnection of both types of questions, and also shows how a complete theory of reasons can be developed by moving back and forth between the two types of questions. It offers an account of the nature of intimate relationships and of the nature of the reasons that intimacy provides, and then uses that account to defend a traditional intuitionist metaethics. The book thus combines attention to the details of the lived moral life – the context in which many of our most pressing moral questions arise, how we deliberate and make moral decisions, the complexities that plague our attempts to know what we ought to do – with theoretical rigor in offering an account of the nature of reasons, how we come to have moral knowledge, and how we can adjudicate between competing positions.
Author : Manuel Vargas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199697540
Manuel Vargas presents a compelling and state-of-the-art defense of moral responsibility in the face of growing philosophical and scientific skepticism about free will and accountability. He shows how we can justify our responsibility practices, and provides a normatively and naturalistically adequate account of agency, blame, and desert.
Author : T. M. Scanlon
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2000-11-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674004238
How do we judge whether an action is morally right or wrong? If an action is wrong, what reason does that give us not to do it? Why should we give such reasons priority over our other concerns and values? In this book, T. M. Scanlon offers new answers to these questions, as they apply to the central part of morality that concerns what we owe to each other. According to his contractualist view, thinking about right and wrong is thinking about what we do in terms that could be justified to others and that they could not reasonably reject. He shows how the special authority of conclusions about right and wrong arises from the value of being related to others in this way, and he shows how familiar moral ideas such as fairness and responsibility can be understood through their role in this process of mutual justification and criticism. Scanlon bases his contractualism on a broader account of reasons, value, and individual well-being that challenges standard views about these crucial notions. He argues that desires do not provide us with reasons, that states of affairs are not the primary bearers of value, and that well-being is not as important for rational decision-making as it is commonly held to be. Scanlon is a pluralist about both moral and non-moral values. He argues that, taking this plurality of values into account, contractualism allows for most of the variability in moral requirements that relativists have claimed, while still accounting for the full force of our judgments of right and wrong.
