Chemical Abundances And Mixing In Stars In The Milky Way And Its Satellites

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Chemical Abundances and Mixing in Stars in the Milky Way and its Satellites

S. Randich,L. Pasquini
Chemical Abundances and Mixing in Stars in the Milky Way and its Satellites Book PDF

Author : S. Randich,L. Pasquini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2006-09-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540341369

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Chemical Abundances and Mixing in Stars in the Milky Way and its Satellites by S. Randich,L. Pasquini Pdf

This proceedings covers topics from chemical abundances in the different components of the Milky Way and in local group galaxies, via observational and theoretical papers on mixing in stars to big bang nucleosynthesis and galaxy formation and evolution. Like all volumes in the series ESO Astrophysics Symposia, this one gives a comprehensive overview of the forefront of research in this subject. It is a valuable reference for both students and researchers.

From Lithium to Uranium (IAU S228)

International Astronomical Union. Symposium
From Lithium to Uranium IAU S228 Book PDF

Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521851998

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From Lithium to Uranium (IAU S228) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium Pdf

Proceedings of IAU S228 detailing progress in our knowledge of element production and evolution.

Chemical Abundances in the Universe

International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Chemical Abundances in the Universe Book PDF

Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Cosmic abundances
ISBN : 0521764955

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Chemical Abundances in the Universe by International Astronomical Union. Symposium Pdf

Session I : Primordial nucleosynthesis and the first stars in the Universe -- Session II : First stars in the Galaxy -- Session III : Chemical abundances in the high red-shift Universe -- Session IV : Chemical abundance constraints on mass assembly and star formation in local galaxies and the Milky Way -- Session V : Extrasolar planets: the chemical abundance connection -- Session VI : Abundance surveys and projects in the era of future large telescopes.

Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way

L. Stanghellini,J.R. Walsh,N.G. Douglas
Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way Book PDF

Author : L. Stanghellini,J.R. Walsh,N.G. Douglas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2006-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540342700

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Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way by L. Stanghellini,J.R. Walsh,N.G. Douglas Pdf

Recently, improved observational capabilities have allowed the study of fainter and fainter extra-galactic planetary nebulae in galaxies well beyond the Milky Way. This book result from a workshop held at ESO headquarters in Garching in 2004, the first devoted to Extra-galactic Planetary Nebulae. A wide range of topics is covered, from stellar and nebular astrophysics to galactic dynamics and galaxy clusters, making this a reference of broad astrophysical interest.

The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context (IAU S254)

International Astronomical Union. Symposium,Bengt Strömgren
The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context IAU S254 Book PDF

Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium,Bengt Strömgren
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009-04-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521889855

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The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context (IAU S254) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium,Bengt Strömgren Pdf

The paradigm of a dark energy- and dark matter-dominated Universe, with the hierarchical merger scenario for the formation of galaxies, has scored impressive successes in matching the observed Universe. However, the theory fails to explain the difficulty in generating ordinary disk galaxies such as the Milky Way, suggesting that some important physics must be missing in current models. IAU Symposium 254 was organized to address this question, gathering researchers from an unusually broad range of fields, from cosmology to interstellar matter, and the formation and evolution of stars. High-class reviews, lectures and posters combine to define the frontiers in the field and point the way to new avenues of research. This volume presents a unique set of succinct overviews illuminating the full range of topics in this very active field. It also honors Danish astrophysicist Bengt Strömgren (1908-1987), who laid much of the foundation for this entire field.

Multiple Stars across the H-R Diagram

Swetlana Hubrig,Monika Petr-Gotzens,Andrei Tokovinin
Multiple Stars across the H R Diagram Book PDF

Author : Swetlana Hubrig,Monika Petr-Gotzens,Andrei Tokovinin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2007-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540747451

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Multiple Stars across the H-R Diagram by Swetlana Hubrig,Monika Petr-Gotzens,Andrei Tokovinin Pdf

This volume presents results from the ESO workshop Multiple Stars across the H-R Diagram, held in Garching in July 2005. It covers observations of multiple stars from ground and space, dynamical and stellar evolution in multiple systems, formation and early evolution of multiple stars, and special components of multiple stars. The book reviews the current state of observational and theoretical knowledge and discusses future studies for further progress in the field.

From the sun's energy source to the formation of the solar system

Dan Bar-Zohar
From the sun s energy source to the formation of the solar system Book PDF

Author : Dan Bar-Zohar
Publisher : Dan Bar Zohar
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2006-12-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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From the sun's energy source to the formation of the solar system by Dan Bar-Zohar Pdf

The latest observation of hundreds of exoplanets and the discovery of supermassive black hole at the center of many galaxies set the foundation for the theory presented in this book. The theory suggest that the sun and stars energy source is not from fusion, but instead from magnetic fields spreads in the galaxy by the supermassive black hole at the center of every galaxy. This idea changes every aspect of astronomy and cosmology. The big bang is no longer necessary to explain the source of the mass in the universe and the expansion of the universe. According to this theory the matter in the universe is created in the cores of stars by conversion of energy to mass. The expansion of the universe is induced by the rapid formation of new galaxies. Stars grow slowly and gradually over tens of billion of years by conversion of energy to mass. The gradual growth of stars and the planet search programs that found hundreds of nearby planets indicate that stars are born from planets. This invalidates the solar nebula hypothesis as the source of the stars and the solar system. Stars fluctuate from a main sequence state to a red giant state. They stay in the main sequence when they receive strong magnetic fields and they turn into a red giant when the magnetic fields are weakened. The sun also fluctuated from a main sequence to a red giant. When the sun was a red giant it had strong solar wind that supplied the material to created the planets. The solar system contains hard evidence that the sun was a red giant, those are short lived isotopes and chondrules. The fact that there is hard evidenced to a red giant sun confirm this theory. Highlights of this theory include the following: 1. The sun energy source is from magnetic fields from the galactic center. 2. The heat induced by the magnetic fields leads to high energy collision between particle in the sun core that creates new particle and increase the sun mass. 3. All the stars in the galaxy create new mass so the total mass and the size of the galaxy is increasing. 4. The stars in the galaxy eject dust that freefall to the galactic center supermassive black hole. Thorough the dynamo effect the gravitational potential energy of the debris and dust is converted to magnetic fields. 5. As the galaxy mass and size increase, globular clusters are detached form the main galaxy to create new galaxies. 6. Galaxies spawn new galaxies and the total number of galaxies in the universe increase. 7. The universe expands and accelerates from the increase in the number of the galaxies. 8. The Big Bang cosmological model is replaced by a new cosmological model that resembles the steady state theory. 9. Stars grow gradually from conversion of energy to mass. 10.Stars are born from planets, they first grow by accretion and then by conversion of energy to mass. 11.Stars fluctuate from main sequence to a red giant. When the magnetic fields are strong the star is in the main sequence, when the magnetic fields are weakened the star turn to a red giant. 12.The sun was a red giant 4.6 billions years ago. 13.The planets were created from the strong solar wind of the red giant sun.

Exploring the Cosmic Frontier

A.P. Lobanov,J.A. Zensus,C. Cesarsky,Ph. Diamond
Exploring the Cosmic Frontier Book PDF

Author : A.P. Lobanov,J.A. Zensus,C. Cesarsky,Ph. Diamond
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2007-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540397564

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Exploring the Cosmic Frontier by A.P. Lobanov,J.A. Zensus,C. Cesarsky,Ph. Diamond Pdf

On May 18-21, 2004, the Max-Planck-Society’s Harnack-Haus in Dahlem, Berlin hosted the international symposium "Exploring the Cosmic Frontier: Astrophysical Instruments for the 21st Century". The symposium was dedicated to exploring the complementarity and synergies between different branches of astrophysical research, by presenting and discussing the fundamental scientific problems that will be addressed in the next few decades.

Precision Spectroscopy in Astrophysics

Nuno C. Santos
Precision Spectroscopy in Astrophysics Book PDF

Author : Nuno C. Santos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 664 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540754848

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Precision Spectroscopy in Astrophysics by Nuno C. Santos Pdf

High-accuracy Doppler shift measurements and high-precision spectroscopy are primary techniques in the search for exo-planets. Further extremely interesting applications include the analysis of QSO absorption lines to determine the variability of physical constants and the analysis of the isotopic ratios of absorption lines both in stars and in QSOs, and the determination of stellar oscillations through radial velocity measurements. Since the use of high-precision/resolution spectroscopy is closely connected to the ability to collect a large number of photons, the scientific domains using this technique benefit tremendously from the use of 8-meter class telescopes and will fully exploit the tremendous gain provided by future Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs). IR high-resolution spectroscopy should soon approach the same accuracy regime achieved in the optical range. This volume comprehensively covers the astrophysical and technical aspects of high-precision spectroscopy with an outlook to future developments, and represents a useful reference work for researchers in those fields.

Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology – Einstein’s Legacy

Bernd Aschenbach,Vadim Burwitz,Günther Hasinger,Bruno Leibundgut
Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology Einstein s Legacy Book PDF

Author : Bernd Aschenbach,Vadim Burwitz,Günther Hasinger,Bruno Leibundgut
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540747130

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Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology – Einstein’s Legacy by Bernd Aschenbach,Vadim Burwitz,Günther Hasinger,Bruno Leibundgut Pdf

The year 2005, which marked the 100th anniversary of the 'annus mirabilis', the year in which Albert Einstein published three of his most important scientific papers, was the perfect opportunity to review and to present the current scientific understanding of relativistic topics. This book provides an up-to-date reference on the theory of gravity, relativistic astrophysics and cosmology. It is a useful reference tool for both the expert and the new-comer in these fields.

Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy

Markus Kissler-Patig,Jeremy Walsh,Martin M. Roth
Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy Book PDF

Author : Markus Kissler-Patig,Jeremy Walsh,Martin M. Roth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2007-12-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540734918

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Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy by Markus Kissler-Patig,Jeremy Walsh,Martin M. Roth Pdf

This volume contains the proceedings of possibly the last conference ever on integral-field spectroscopy. The contributors, noted authorities in the field, focus on the scientific questions that can be answered with integral-field spectroscopy, ranging from solar system studies all the way to high redshift surveys. Overall readers get a state-of-the-science review of astronomical 3D spectroscopy.

Star Clusters in the Era of Large Surveys

André Moitinho,João Alves
Star Clusters in the Era of Large Surveys Book PDF

Author : André Moitinho,João Alves
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642221132

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Star Clusters in the Era of Large Surveys by André Moitinho,João Alves Pdf

The symposium “Star Clusters in the Era of Large Surveys” was held in Lisbon on Sep 9-10 during the JENAM 2010. It served as a platform for discussing what and how recent, on-going and planned large-area ground-based and space-based surveys can contribute to producing a major leap in this research field, which has a strong European history. Scientific topics addressed included: cluster searches, clustered vs. isolated star formation, large-scale star formation, enrichment of the field population, structure, populations and evolution of the Milky Way, cluster dynamics (internal and within the Milky Way), variability of stars in clusters (from time-resolved surveys), analysis techniques for large samples and archiving. This proceedings book provides a snapshot of the ongoing discussion on the role of large surveys in star cluster research, and serves as a reference volume for the state-of-the art in the field.

Cosmology

Steven Weinberg
Cosmology Book PDF

Author : Steven Weinberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780198526827

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Cosmology by Steven Weinberg Pdf

This is a uniquely comprehensive and detailed treatment of the theoretical and observational foundations of modern cosmology, by a Nobel Laureate in Physics. It gives up-to-date and self contained accounts of the theories and observations that have made the past few decades a golden age of cosmology.

The Synthesis of the Elements

Giora Shaviv
The Synthesis of the Elements Book PDF

Author : Giora Shaviv
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642283857

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The Synthesis of the Elements by Giora Shaviv Pdf

This book describes the origins and evolution of the chemical elements we and the cosmos are made of. The story starts with the discovery of the common elements on Earth and their subsequent discovery in space. How do we learn the composition of the distant stars? How did progress in quantum theory, nuclear physics, spectroscopy, stellar structure and evolution, together with observations of stars, converge to provide an incredibly detailed picture of the universe? How does research in the micro-world explain the macro-world? How does progress in one affect the other, or lack of knowledge in one inhibit progress in the other? In short, Shaviv describes how we discovered the various pieces of the jigsaw that form our present picture of the universe; and how we sometimes put these in the wrong place before finding in the right one. En route we meet some fascinating personalities and learn about heated controversies. Shaviv shows how science lurched from one dogma to the next, time and again shattering much of what had been considered solid knowledge, until eventually a stable understanding arose. Beginning with generally accepted science, the book ends in today’s terra incognita of nuclear physics, astrophysics and cosmology. A monumental work that will fascinate scientists, philosophers, historians and lay readers alike.

Light Elements in the Universe (IAU S268)

International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Light Elements in the Universe IAU S268 Book PDF

Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-05-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521765064

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Light Elements in the Universe (IAU S268) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium Pdf

IAU Symposium 268 presents an overview of the most recent observational and theoretical research on the formation and evolution of light elements in the Universe: H, He, Li, Be, B, and their isotopes. Astrophysicists from a variety of subfields discuss recent developments that will improve our understanding of the light elements and provide important clues to stellar and galactic evolution, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and cosmology. Striking observational progress has been achieved recently through the advent of next generation ground- and space-based telescopes, such as the cosmic microwave background experiments that allow the accurate determination of the baryon density of the Universe. New theoretical breakthroughs in describing stellar interiors and the chemical evolution of complex systems and the remaining challenges in this field are also addressed. This critical review is a useful resource for all those interested in the chemical evolution of the Universe.