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China and Global Food Security by Shaohua Zhan Pdf
In less than half a century (1978–2020), China has transformed itself from a country that barely fed itself to a powerful player in the global food system, characterized by massive food imports, active overseas agricultural engagement, and the global expansion of Chinese agribusiness. This Element offers a nuanced analysis of China's global food strategy and its impacts on food security and the international agri-food order. To feed a population of 1.4 billion, China actively seeks overseas agri-food resources whilst maintaining a high level of domestic food production. This strategy gives China an advantageous position in the global food system, but it also creates contradictions and problems within and beyond the country. This could potentially worsen global food insecurity in the long term.
Food Security and Farm Land Protection in China by Yushi Mao,Nong Zhao,Xiaojing Yang Pdf
News: Mao Yushi, one of China''s most outspoken and influential activists for individual rights and free markets, has been named the 2012 winner of the Cato Institute''s Milton Friedman Prize for Advancing Liberty . The objective of publishing this book is to let the general public have a better understanding of the food security situation in China and better comprehension of the merit of allocating land through market mechanism. In addition, it makes the public aware of the inefficiencies of current government regulated land system.As a populous country in the world, China emphasizes too much importance of food to ensure people''s sufficient consumption. There is a national policy to protect farm land, farm land protection refers to 18 hundred million mu of farmland which is specifically designated for food production only. Unirule defined the national food security as the capability to solve food shortages, and calculated the gap between food supply and demand. Two approaches can be used to solve the above food gap. Food security problems will not happen under situations of free trade and factors substitution in market economy, substantial storage and foreign exchange income. In modern China, food insecurity or great famine only happened in planned economy. To link tightly farm land size and grain yield and even food security is baseless both in theory and practices. The previous red line of 21 hundred million mu was already broken through. The current red line of 18 hundred million mu will also be broken through, in view of the process of industrialization and urbanization. In fact, farm land protection should focus on protecting the employment right of peasant in land.
This book makes a systematic study of the history, current situation and trend of China's food security and the global food security. COVID-19 has triggered a world food crisis. Understanding the history, current situation and trend of China's and global food security is conducive to the rational arrangement of agricultural production, food storage, scheduling and import by management departments; it is conducive to the understanding of the situation of food supply and demand; it is conducive to the rational arrangement of production and operation planning. This book systematically studies the history and experience of China's food security, analyzes the 9 major problems facing the current food security, calculates the potential food production, puts forward the strategies and countermeasures for food security in the next 20 years and puts forward 4 strategies and 8 countermeasures for ensuring food security. This book will be of great value to scholars of international relations and sinologists, and has special relevance to United Nations sustainable development goal 2, eliminating hunger.
CHINA: FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURAL GOING GLOBAL by Han Jun Pdf
Through decades of efforts, China has overall achieved self-sufficiency in food supply, which is the result of effective policies and measures adopted by the Chinese government. This book focuses on China’s food security strategy and agricultural going global strategy and goes into details on policies and measures for achieving domestic food security. It specially analyzes status and development trend of China’s corn industry since corn is the most sensitive grain variety that plays an important role as food, feed and raw material for bioenergy. It also studies overseas agricultural development potential for agricultural investment and cooperation globally. It finally elaborates China’s agricultural going global strategy, with specific cases to evaluate policy effect, in order to promote international cooperation in agriculture. The conclusions are that as the world’s most populated country, China should rely on its domestic production to ensure food supply. However, with intensified constraints on resources and environment, China should appropriately adjust its food security goals to ensure the basic self-sufficiency of cereals and rely more on global markets for non-cereal grain varieties. Looking to the future, China should establish a food security system that is efficient, open and sustainable through profound reform to increase its domestic food productivity, promote sustainable development of agriculture, and expand international cooperation in agriculture.
This book offers a snappy but comprehensive investigation of how the resource needs of today could become the resource conflicts of tomorrow. As the most populous country in the world, the security of China’s “rice bowl” is not only a top political priority for China’s policymakers but increasingly a critical global concern as the country emerges as a leading food importer and a major player in outward agricultural investment. This book sheds light on China’s efforts, both at home and abroad, to safeguard its food security and how these efforts will affect global food systems. This book will be of interest to industry analysts, institutional investors, and scholars of China's global rise.
At China's Table by Bruce Clifford Ross-Larson Pdf
China is the fastest-growing economy in the world, with per capita incomes more than quadrupling since 1978, achieving in two generations what took other countries centuries. Although swift growth and structural change have resolved many problems, they also have created new challenges - employment insecurity, growing inequality, stubborn poverty, mounting environmental pressures, rising costs of food self-sufficiency, and periods of macroeconomic instability stemming from incomplete reforms. 'At China's Table - Food Security Options' focuses on how China will avoid national chronic food insecurity. The report evaluates solutions such as food storage and other alternatives for addressing the problems of transitory food insecurity from drought or other seasonal calamity. It discusses national food security constraints and the investments required to maintain total factor productivity of 1.0 percent per year. The study also models and projects food supply and demand for 2020.
Achieving Food Security in China by Zhang-Yue Zhou Pdf
China’s food security has never failed to attract the public’s attention. Feeding China’s large population has always been a huge challenge. The latest large-scale famine took place in 1958–62 during which approximately 37 million people died of starvation. However, since the early 1980s, China’s food availability has improved drastically. The important question is then: has China achieved its food security? Although China’s food availability has significantly improved, it has not achieved a high level of food security due to the lack of progress in several other important dimensions of food security. The book examines China’s food security practices in the past six decades, explores the root causes that led to food shortages or abundances, and elaborates on the challenges that China has to deal with in order to improve its future food security. China’s quest for food security serves as a valuable lesson for many other countries to learn through China’s experiences and to better manage their food security in the future. The book also draws attention to the fact that China’s food security status has a huge impact on the global community and hence global collaboration is a mutually beneficial approach.
Handbook of Research on Agricultural Policy, Rural Development, and Entrepreneurship in Contemporary Economies by Jean Vasile, Andrei,Subic, Jonel,Grubor, Aleksander,Privitera, Donatella Pdf
Promoting rural entrepreneurship is a necessary step to limit the negative effects of classical agricultural policy based on a linear process and attracting secondary resources to the economic process. The analysis of agricultural policy and rural development in conjunction to entrepreneurship in terms of production may represent a further step in understanding the role and importance of diversifying the rural potentials in contemporary economies. The Handbook of Research on Agricultural Policy, Rural Development, and Entrepreneurship in Contemporary Economies is an essential publication of academic research that examines agricultural policy and its impact on shaping future resilient economy in rural areas and identifies green business models and new business patterns in rural communities. Covering a range of topics such as entrepreneurship, product management, and marketing, this book is ideal for researchers, policymakers, academicians, economists, agriculture professionals, rural developers, business investors, and students.
East Asia and Food (In)Security by Shaun Breslin,Christopher W. Hughes Pdf
This book presents a study of perceptions of food insecurity in East Asia, and explores how individual countries are developing strategies to deal with the situation. It also looks at how the perception of food insecurity has increasingly influenced the nature of international interactions, not just within East Asia, but also in the region’s relations with major external actors. Many of the challenges facing East Asia are generic food security issues that face people and governments across the world – for example, the implications of climate change and demographic changes on food supplies. This book places the East Asian context in the wider discussion of food (in)security in global politics. However, it also identifies potential regional ‘differences’ – for example, the significance of rice for the region, and the unavoidable impact of China as a major regional player. What the Chinese state, and Chinese companies, decide to do in response to concerns about food insecurity have an impact not just on the rest of the region, but on the rest of the world. Taking too much of a Sinocentric focus, however, ignores other actors in East Asia, or merely relegates discussion to how they respond to Chinese policies or external strategies. This book considers the region as a whole, both when it comes to thinking about food security challenges and responses within the region itself, and also in the outward projection of regional food insecurity on the rest of the world. This book was published as a special issue of The Pacific Review.
Food Security and Farm Land Protection in China by Yushi Mao,Nong Zhao,Xiaojing Yang Pdf
The objective of publishing this book is to let the general public have a better understanding of the food security situation in China and better comprehension of the merit of allocating land through market mechanism. In addition, it makes the public aware of the inefficiencies of current government regulated land system. As a populous country in the world, China emphasizes too much importance of food to ensure people's sufficient consumption. There is a national policy to protect farm land, farm land protection refers to 18 hundred million mu of farmland which is specifically designated for food production only. Unirule defined the national food security as the capability to solve food shortages, and calculated the gap between food supply and demand. Two approaches can be used to solve the above food gap. Food security problems will not happen under situations of free trade and factors substitution in market economy, substantial storage and foreign exchange income. In modern China, food insecurity or great famine only happened in planned economy. To link tightly farm land size and grain yield and even food security is baseless both in theory and practices. The previous red line of 21 hundred million mu was already broken through. The current red line of 18 hundred million mu will also be broken through, in view of the process of industrialization and urbanization. In fact, farm land protection should focus on protecting the employment right of peasant in land. Contents:Research on the Total Area, Structure and Quality of China's Cultivated LandThe Unsuccessful Cultivated Land Protection SystemFree Trade of Property Rights of Land is an Effective Land-Saving System — On Property Rights of Land Transaction System ReformLiterature Review on Food SecurityAnalysis on the Causes and Results of the Great Famine of China (1959–1961)Retrospect and Prospect of China's Food TradeChina's Grain DistributionInternational Food Security and Food TradeMeasurement of Food Security — Food GapDomestic Solutions to China's Food ShortageInternational Solutions to China's Food Shortage Readership: Researchers, professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, and general readers interested in the land protection, food security, food trade and food shortage in China. Keywords:Land Protection;Food Security;Food Trade;Food ShortageKey Features:The subject of farm land protection and food security is very important to not only China but also most countries of the world, and the food security situation of China is attractive to a worldwide audienceThis book provides a unique way to rethink the food security problem, and concludes that there is no severe food security problem in ChinaVigorously argues for market mechanism solutions in solving food security problemsReviews: "Rapid economic growth is transforming China into an urban society, with far-reaching implications for the rural sector and agricultural economy. The policy of self-sufficiency in grain production, which is enshrined in law, limits conversion of agricultural land. This book convincingly shows that this policy is an obstacle to China's prosperity, and leads to many social tensions. The authors argue that the policy comes at high costs because China is not exploiting the full advantages of globalization. This brilliant insight should offer great relief to policymakers, and should stimulate bold initiatives in reforms of land use." Professor Carsten Herrmann-Pillathan Frankfurt School of Finance & Management "Public policies of farmland protection and food security in China always have an influence on its economy, society, law and politics. They have hampered institutional change in China undergoing transition. Based on a systematic examination of the problem and analysis of the logic behind the existing policies, Professor Mao and his team have written a significant research monograph. It is bound to stimulate reexamination and readjustment of the relevant policies." Professor Lu Feng Peking University "In-depth reform and sustainable development in China can be found in a critical and cool-headed re-examination of its land use based on concern for food security. This book argues cogently that market mechanism is more powerful and more efficient than government intervention in food security and land resource allocation." Professor Xu Dianqing University of Western Ontario "This book convincingly demonstrates why for a nation endowed with a huge population but limited natural resources, China's future lies in urbanization and globalization. The current land system, despite its rampant inefficiency and injustice, remains almost unchanged from China's Central Planning Era out of ungrounded fear of losing food security and arable land. Mao and his co-authors pointed out that it is high time China reforms its land system so that its rural population will be in a better position to share the prosperity that urbanization and globalization have brought about in China since it abandoned the Central Planning System about 20 years ago." Professor James Wen Guanzhong Trinity College "The book introduces the development of regulatory farmland protection, food security policies and institutional drawbacks in a comprehensive and systematic way from historical and realistic perspectives. In addition, it offers some innovative and insightful ideas. From the perspectives of the global market, the book argues that market and privatization (reconstruction of the land ownership of farmers) are the best way to ensure food security in China." Professor Zhang Zhenqiang Hubei University, China "Farmland in China is a scarce resource, which needs protection, the more the better. However, the protection incurs great cost. On the one hand, farmland is protected at the expense of other land uses; on the other hand, the implementation costs of different protection methods are not the same. This book is a must read for insights into this problem." Professor Zhou Qiren Peking University "This book provides a comprehensive assessment of China's food security policy, with a special focus on the farm land protection system which is the most important tool of intervention in the agro-food market." Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture 53 (2014)
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019 by Food and Agriculture Organization Pdf
The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World gives updates on the prevalence of undernourishment globally and the absolute number of undernourished, as well as the latest estimates for a number of global nutrition targets. This latest edition looks at the role of economic slowdowns and downturns in the rise of hunger and makes policy recommendations to safeguard food security and nutrition worldwide.
Environmental Change and Food Security in China by Jenifer Huang McBeath,Jerry McBeath Pdf
Abstract This chapter defines food security as the condition reached when a nation’s population has access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet its dietary needs and food preferences. It stresses China’s importance to global food security because of its population size. The chapter introduces the contents of the volume and then treats briefly food security in ancient and dynastic (211 bc–1912) China. It examines environmental stressors, such as population growth, natural disasters, and insect pests as well as imperial responses (for example, irrigation, flood control, storage and transportation systems). The chapter also briefly int- duces the Republican era (1912–1949) and compares environmental stressors and government responses then to those of the imperial period. Keywords Food system • Food security • Food production regions • Environmental stressors (Population growth • Natural disasters • Insect pests and Plant diseases • Deforestation • Climate change) • Irrigation systems • Flood control • Grand Canal 1. 1 The Problem of Food Security and Environmental Change Food is the material basis to human survival, and in each nation-state, providing a system for the development, production, and distribution of food and its security is a primary national objective. Many forces have influenced the food security of peoples since ancient times, with particular challenges from natural disasters (floods, famines, drought, and pestilence) and growing populations globally.
Handbook of Research on Globalized Agricultural Trade and New Challenges for Food Security by Erokhin, Vasilii,Gao, Tianming Pdf
Free trade promotes economic growth through international competition and the efficient allocation of resources while also helping to stabilize food supplies between countries that have an overabundance of product and countries that have a shortage. However, sudden price surges can threaten the social cohesion of developing countries and may lead to malnutrition and stunted growth. Balancing trade liberalization and protectionism is imperative for the provision of food security for all. The Handbook of Research on Globalized Agricultural Trade and New Challenges for Food Security is an essential publication that seeks to improve food security, food independence, and food sovereignty in the conditions of globalized agricultural trade and addresses the contemporary issues of agricultural trade including major commodities and food products traded between major countries, directions of trade, and trends. The book also examines the effects of tariff escalations, administrative restrictions, other forms of trade protectionism on food security, and the emerging trade tensions between major actors such as the US, China, the EU, and Russia. Featuring research on topics including plant fertility, dietary diversity, and protectionism, this book is ideally designed for government officials, policymakers, agribusiness managers, stakeholders, international tradesmen, researchers, industry professionals, academicians, and students.
Organic Food and Farming in China by Steffanie Scott,Zhenzhong Si,Theresa Schumilas,Aijuan Chen Pdf
Despite reports of food safety and quality scandals, China has a rapidly expanding organic agriculture and food sector, and there is a revolution in ecological food and ethical eating in China’s cities. This book shows how a set of social, economic, cultural, and environmental conditions have converged to shape the development of a "formal" organic sector, created by "top-down" state-developed standards and regulations, and an "informal" organic sector, created by ‘bottom-up’ grassroots struggles for safe, healthy, and sustainable food. This is generating a new civil movement focused on ecological agriculture and quality food. Organic movements and markets have typically emerged in industrialized food systems that are characterized by private land ownership, declining small farm sectors, consolidated farm to retail chains, predominance of supermarket retail, standards and laws to safeguard food safety, and an active civil society sector. The authors contrast this with the Chinese context, with its unique version of "capitalism with social characteristics," collective farmland ownership, and predominance of smallholder agriculture and emerging diverse marketing channels. China’s experience also reflects a commitment to domestic food security, evolving food safety legislation, and a civil society with limited autonomy from a semi-authoritarian state that keeps shifting the terrain of what is permitted. The book will be of great interest to advanced students and researchers of agricultural and food systems and policy, as well as rural sociology and Chinese studies.
Originally published in 1995, but with enduring relevance in a time of global population growth and food insecurity, when it was first published, this book attracted much global attention, and criticism from Beijing. It argued that even as water becomes scarcer in a land where 80% of the grain crop is irrigated, as per-acre yield gains are erased by the loss of agricultural land to industrialization, and as food production stagnates, China still increases its population by the equivalent of a new Beijing each year. This book predicts that in an integrated world economy, China’s rising food prices will become the world’s rising food prices. China’s land scarcity will come everyone’s land scarcity and water scarcity in China will affect the entire world. China’s dependence on massive imports, like the collapse of the world’s fisheries, will be a wake-up call that we are colliding with the earth’s capacity to feed us. Over time, Janet Larsen argued, China’s leaders came to ‘acknowledge how Who Will Feed China? changed their thinking..’ As China’s wealth increases, so do the dietary demands of its population. The increasing middle classes demand more grain-intensive meat and farmed fish. The issue of who will feed China has not gone away.