China S Unequal Treaties

Author : Dong Wang
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : History
ISBN : 0739112082

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China's Unequal Treaties by Dong Wang Pdf

This study, based on primary sources, deals with the linguistic development and polemical uses of the expression Unequal Treaties, which refers to the treaties China signed between 1842 and 1946. Although this expression has occupied a central position in both Chinese collective memory and Chinese and English historiographies, this is the first book to offer an in-depth examination of China's encounters with the outside world as manifested in the rhetoric surrounding the Unequal Treaties. Author Dong Wang argues that competing forces within China have narrated and renarrated the history of the treaties in an effort to consolidate national unity, international independence, and political legitimacy and authority. In the twentieth century, she shows, China's experience with these treaties helped to determine their use of international law. Of great relevance for students of contemporary China and Chinese history, as well as Chinese international law and politics, this book illuminates how various Chinese political actors have defined and redefined the past using the framework of the Unequal Treaties.

Author : Jianlang Wang
Publisher : Enrich Professional Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : China
ISBN : 1623200229

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Unequal Treaties and China by Jianlang Wang Pdf

From the first Opium War (1839-1842) and until the birth of New China in 1949, China was forced to sign multiple unequal treaties by foreign imperialist and invading powers. In these treaties, China conceded many of its sovereign rights in terms of territory and commerce. Ever since the time of the first unequal treaty (the Treaty of Nanjing), the people of China have struggled to invalidate these unequal treaties. Unequal Treaties and China provides a comprehensive overview of China's history of fighting against these unequal treaties.Understanding a country's history is a vital way of understanding its people. In Unequal Treaties and China author Wang Jianlang looks at how history has affected the nation and how those unequal treaties from foreign powers have shaped China's policies even up until the modern day. - A comprehensive survey of China's unequal treaties with foreign imperialist powers since the late-Qing Dynasty era- A comparison of how different governments in China in different eras responded to the unequal treaties

Author : Rodney Gilbert
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1976-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780313269608

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The Unequal Treaties by Rodney Gilbert Pdf

Author : Jianlang Wang (Historian)
Publisher : Enrich Professional Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : China
ISBN : 1623201128

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Unequal Treaties and China by Jianlang Wang (Historian) Pdf

Understanding a country's history is a vital way of understanding its people. In Unequal Treaties and China, author Wang Jianlang looks at how history has affected the nation and how those unequal treaties from foreign powers have shaped China's policies even up until the modern day. From the first Opium War (1839-1842) and until the birth of New China in 1949, China was forced to sign multiple unequal treaties by foreign imperialist and invading powers. In these treaties, China conceded many of its sovereign rights in terms of territory and commerce. Ever since the time of the first unequal treaty (the Treaty of Nanjing), the people of China have struggled to invalidate these unequal treaties. Unequal Treaties and China provides a comprehensive overview of China's history of fighting against these unequal treaties.

Author : William L. Tung
Publisher : Dobbs Ferry, N.Y : Oceana Publications
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105000118849

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China and the Foreign Powers: the Impact of and Reaction to Unequal Treaties by William L. Tung Pdf

This book deals with China's foreign relations from the middle of the nineteenth century to 1970.

Author : Peter Wesley-Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : History
ISBN : IND:39000000428008

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Unequal Treaty, 1898-1997 by Peter Wesley-Smith Pdf

This work surveys the treaty which leased the New Territories to Britain for 99 years. It also explains the difficulties which the treaty created in Sino-British affairs, as well as Hong Kong's domestic politics. The work includes the legal meanings of the treaty as well.

Author : Robert Bickers,Isabella Jackson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317266280

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Treaty Ports in Modern China by Robert Bickers,Isabella Jackson Pdf

This book presents a wide range of new research on the Chinese treaty ports – the key strategic places on China’s coast where in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries various foreign powers controlled, through "unequal treaties", whole cities or parts of cities, outside the jurisdiction of the Chinese authorities. Topics covered include land and how it was acquired, the flow of people, good and information, specific individuals and families who typify life in the treaty ports, and technical advances, exploration, and innovation in government.

Author : Robert Bickers,Isabella Jackson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317266273

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Treaty Ports in Modern China by Robert Bickers,Isabella Jackson Pdf

This book presents a wide range of new research on the Chinese treaty ports – the key strategic places on China’s coast where in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries various foreign powers controlled, through "unequal treaties", whole cities or parts of cities, outside the jurisdiction of the Chinese authorities. Topics covered include land and how it was acquired, the flow of people, good and information, specific individuals and families who typify life in the treaty ports, and technical advances, exploration, and innovation in government.

Author : Chao-Hsin Chu
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1926
Category : China
ISBN : UOM:39015027342362

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Revision of Unequal Treaties by Chao-Hsin Chu Pdf

Author : Wesley R. Fishel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1952
Category : China
ISBN : UCAL:B3648364

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The End of Extraterritoriality in China by Wesley R. Fishel Pdf

Author : John Carter Vincent
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1970-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781684171613

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The Extraterritorial System in China: Final Phase by John Carter Vincent Pdf

By detailing the extent of foreign domination and privilege in China in the period between the first and second world wars, when the 'unequal treaty' system of the nineteenth century persisted in the face of burgeoning Chinese nationalism, John Carter Vincent helps us to understand the sources of Chinese Communist resentment and conduct.

Author : Hungdah Chiu
Publisher : Cambridge, Mass : Harvard University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : China
ISBN : UCSD:31822003064318

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The People's Republic of China and the Law of Treaties by Hungdah Chiu Pdf

Author : Maria Adele Carrai
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108474191

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Sovereignty in China by Maria Adele Carrai Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive history of the emergence and the formation of the concept of sovereignty in China from the year 1840 to the present. It contributes to broadening the history of modern China by looking at the way the notion of sovereignty was gradually articulated by key Chinese intellectuals, diplomats and political figures in the unfolding of the history of international law in China, rehabilitates Chinese agency, and shows how China challenged Western Eurocentric assumptions about the progress of international law. It puts the history of international law in a global perspective, interrogating the widely-held belief of international law as universal order and exploring the ways in which its history is closely anchored to a European experience that fails to take into account how the encounter with other non-European realities has influenced its formation.

Author : P?r Kristoffer Cassel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199924288

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Grounds of Judgment by P?r Kristoffer Cassel Pdf

Perhaps more than anywhere else in the world, the nineteenth century encounter between East Asia and the Western world has been narrated as a legal encounter. Commercial treaties--negotiated by diplomats and focused on trade--framed the relationships among Tokugawa-Meiji Japan, Qing China, Choson Korea, and Western countries including Britain, France, and the United States. These treaties created a new legal order, very different than the colonial relationships that the West forged with other parts of the globe, which developed in dialogue with local precedents, local understandings of power, and local institutions. They established the rules by which foreign sojourners worked in East Asia, granting them near complete immunity from local laws and jurisdiction. The laws of extraterritoriality looked similar on paper but had very different trajectories in different East Asian countries. P?r Cassel's first book explores extraterritoriality and the ways in which Western power operated in Japan and China from the 1820s to the 1920s. In Japan, the treaties established in the 1850s were abolished after drastic regime change a decade later and replaced by European-style reciprocal agreements by the turn of the century. In China, extraterritoriality stood for a hundred years, with treaties governing nearly one hundred treaty ports, extensive Christian missionary activity, foreign controlled railroads and mines, and other foreign interests, and of such complexity that even international lawyers couldn't easily interpret them. Extraterritoriality provided the springboard for foreign domination and has left Asia with a legacy of suspicion towards international law and organizations. The issue of unequal treaties has had a lasting effect on relations between East Asia and the West. Drawing on primary sources in Chinese, Japanese, Manchu, and several European languages, Cassel has written the first book to deal with exterritoriality in Sino-Japanese relations before 1895 and the triangular relationship between China, Japan, and the West. Grounds of Judgment is a groundbreaking history of Asian engagement with the outside world and within the region, with broader applications to understanding international history, law, and politics.

Author : Eric Teichman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317217053

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Affairs of China by Eric Teichman Pdf

First published in 1938, this book aims to be a ‘true and objective’ account of China’s recent history and its present circumstances at the time, drawing on the author’s thirty years of experience as a member of the British consular service in China. The recurrent themes of the period are examined: the efforts of the Chinese leadership to build a new China out of the ruins of the old, their efforts to claim a place of equality among the nations of the world, and the development of the conflict between a resurgent China and the ambitions of Japan. Some of the issues studied were in the process of change and others definitely closed by war — nearly all were affected to some degree.