Cities And Economic Inequality In Latin America

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Cities and Economic Inequality in Latin America

Lena Simet
Cities and Economic Inequality in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Lena Simet
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2022-04-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000569643

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Cities and Economic Inequality in Latin America by Lena Simet Pdf

This book examines trends and determinants of economic inequality in cities in Latin America, the world’s most unequal region. It explores how the gap between the haves and the have nots manifests in every part of urban life – from housing to schooling to employment. It asks why some cities have higher inequality than others and what we can learn from these differences as we push back against inequality. The book starts with reviewing the policies and forces that explain the rise and fall of inequality in Latin America since the 1990s and why progress in reducing inequality has stalled. It then focuses on Argentina’s cities and applies a set of quantitative tools to identify inequality determinants. It finds that intra-urban inequality generally mirrors national-level trends, but local idiosyncrasies related to a city’s labor market, informal employment, and social protection systems matter. The book discusses the pitfalls of privatizing public services that turned access to water in metropolitan Buenos Aires more unequal. It explores the promises and unintended consequences of slum upgrading initiatives in Buenos Aires’ Villa 20. The book presents lessons that can inform policies and practices in the region and beyond. Developing a strategy against inequality that incorporates local features and resists the temptation to rely on the "free market" for solutions to urban problems offers a powerful opportunity. Drawing from the field of economics and social and urban policy, this book shows that the battle against inequality is not only won and lost in cities but also requires a uniquely public and urban response. As such, it will be of interest to advanced students, researchers, and policymakers across development economics, urban studies, and Latin American studies.

The Urban Poor in Latin America

Marianne Fay
The Urban Poor in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Marianne Fay
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821360698

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The Urban Poor in Latin America by Marianne Fay Pdf

About half of the region's poor live in cities, and policy makers across Latin America are increasingly interested in policy advice on how to design programmes and policies to tackle poverty. This publication argues that the causes of poverty, the nature of deprivation, and the policy levers to fight poverty are, to a large extent, site specific. It therefore focuses on strategies to assist the urban poor in making the most of the opportunities offered by cities, such as larger labour markets and better services, while helping them cope with the negative aspects, such as higher housing costs, pollution, risk of crime and less social capital.

Capital, Power, And Inequality In Latin America

Sandor Halebsky
Capital Power And Inequality In Latin America Book PDF

Author : Sandor Halebsky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 570 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429981494

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Capital, Power, And Inequality In Latin America by Sandor Halebsky Pdf

Over the last two decades, economic, political, and social life in Latin America has been transformed by the region’s accelerated integration into the global economy. Although this transformation has tended to exacerbate various inequities, new forms of popular expression and action challenging the contemporary structures of capital and power have also developed. This volume is a comprehensive, genuinely comparative text on contemporary Latin America. In it, an international group of contributors offer multidimensional analyses of the historical context, contemporary character, and future direction of rural transformation, urbanization, economic restructuring, and the transition to political democracy. In addition, individual essays address the changing role of women, the influence of religion, the growth of new social movements, the struggles of indigenous peoples, and ecological issues. Finally, the book examines the influence of U.S. policy and of regionalization and globalization on the Latin American states. Sandor Halebsky is professor of sociology at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He coedited Cuba in Transition: Crisis and Transformation (Westview, 1992). Richard L. Harris is chair of the faculty at Golden Gate University in Monterey, California. He is one of the coordinating editors of the journal Latin American Perspectives and the author of Marxism, Socialism, and Democracy in Latin America (Westview, 1992).

Urban Latin America

Tom Angotti
Urban Latin America Book PDF

Author : Tom Angotti
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442274495

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Urban Latin America by Tom Angotti Pdf

Latin America is one of the most urbanized regions of the world. To understand Latin America today it is important to trace the origins and characteristics of the urban-rural divide, inequalities within urban areas, and the prospects for change. This is particularly important and timely given the challenges of widening environmental and social disparities, climate change, and climate justice. The authors critically analyze urban issues within the context of the national and regional political economy, neoliberal governance, and urban social movements. Latin America’s cities are sharply divided into wealthy enclaves and large peripheral areas, reflecting deep social and economic inequalities, leading to notable movements and reforms. This text explores Latin American cities, their history, similarities and differences, and current problems.

Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty First Century

D. Rodgers,J. Beall,R. Kanbur
Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty First Century Book PDF

Author : D. Rodgers,J. Beall,R. Kanbur
Publisher : Springer
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137035134

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Latin American Urban Development into the Twenty First Century by D. Rodgers,J. Beall,R. Kanbur Pdf

By the dawn of the 21st century, more than half of the world's population was living in urban areas. This volume explores the implications of this unprecedented expansion in the world's most urbanized region, Latin America, exploring the new urban reality, and the consequences for both Latin America and the rest of the developing world.

Falling Inequality in Latin America

Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Falling Inequality in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Giovanni Andrea Cornia
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198701804

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Falling Inequality in Latin America by Giovanni Andrea Cornia Pdf

"A study prepared by the United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)

Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America

Pablo Vommaro,Pablo Baisotti
Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Pablo Vommaro,Pablo Baisotti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783030904951

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Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America by Pablo Vommaro,Pablo Baisotti Pdf

This book adopts a multidimensional approach to analyze both the historical and emerging factors that contribute to make Latin America and the Caribbean the most unequal region in the world. Social inequality is a historical characteristic of the region, but at the beginning of the 21st century, a handful of progressive governments seemed to be adopting policies that could reduce this historical trend. Many of these efforts, however, were blocked or reversed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which both exposed the persistence of historical trends and contributed to the emergency of new forms of inequality in the region. The different chapters in this contributed volume adopt a multidimensional, intersectional, perspective to analyze both the persistence and the emergency of social devices of production and reproduction of inequalities in the diverse Latin American and Caribbean temporal spatialities. The issues analyzed in the different chapters revolve around four main axes: a) persistence of generational and intergenerational inequalities; b) structural gender inequality; c) intertwined social inequalities: race, class and social structure and; c) historical and economic dimension of inequality. Persistence and Emergencies of Inequalities in Latin America: A Multidimensional Approach will be of interest to researchers interested in the study of social inequality and social justice in different fields of the human and social sciences, such as sociology, political science, history, economics, anthropology and education. It will also be a valuable tool for policy makers and social activists engaged in the discussion, advocacy and implementation of public policies aimed at reducing social inequalities.

Coping with Austerity

Nora Claudia Lustig
Coping with Austerity Book PDF

Author : Nora Claudia Lustig
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0815708025

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Coping with Austerity by Nora Claudia Lustig Pdf

Concern about the pervasiveness of poverty and income inequality in Latin America goes beyond the issue of social justice. The persistence of mass poverty and inequality pits different social groups against one another and leads to a polarization that makes consistent economic policy formation difficult. National productivity may also suffer in economies with poorly educated workforces lacking adequate health care. Statistics on poverty and inequality in Latin America are rudimentary and often conflicting. Yet it is known that poverty became more widespread in the region during the last decade as it experienced economic decline. About 180 million people, or two out of every five in the area, are now living in poverty—some 50 million more than in 1980. It is also known that income and wealth are far more unequally distributed in Latin America than in most other developing regions. This book provides a much-needed assessment of how poverty, inequality, and social indicators have fared in several Latin American countries over the past decade. Experts from Latin America and the U.S. focus attention on the extent of poverty and inequality and how they have been affected by the debt crisis and adjustment of the 1980s. They explain that issues of poverty and inequality were neglected as governments in Latin America struggled to restore stability and growth to their economies. Social sector spending declined sharply, affecting both the quality and quantity of services provided. The contributors examine how poverty and inequality are—or are not—being addressed in each country. They also explore the viability of alternative approaches to combating poverty and reducing inequality. They explain that virtually no one denies that governments must take a leading role in the provision of health, education, and other social services. Yet there are sharp debates--over the compatibility of social spending with economic adjustment and stabilization; the priority of social expenditures in relation to other governmental spending; the allocation of funds among different social programs; who should, and should not, benefit; and who should pay the costs. They show that the poor and middle sectors had to pay dearly because their governments, the international community, and the families themselves were not prepared to deal with austerity. The book contains eleven chapters by contributors from universities and research institutions in the U.S. and Latin America, as well as from international financial organizations. It is the result of a project cosponsored by Inter-American Dialogue.

Cities From Scratch

Brodwyn Fischer,Bryan McCann,Javier Auyero
Cities From Scratch Book PDF

Author : Brodwyn Fischer,Bryan McCann,Javier Auyero
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822377498

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Cities From Scratch by Brodwyn Fischer,Bryan McCann,Javier Auyero Pdf

This collection of essays challenges long-entrenched ideas about the history, nature, and significance of the informal neighborhoods that house the vast majority of Latin America's urban poor. Until recently, scholars have mainly viewed these settlements through the prisms of crime and drug-related violence, modernization and development theories, populist or revolutionary politics, or debates about the cultures of poverty. Yet shantytowns have proven both more durable and more multifaceted than any of these perspectives foresaw. Far from being accidental offshoots of more dynamic economic and political developments, they are now a permanent and integral part of Latin America's urban societies, critical to struggles over democratization, economic transformation, identity politics, and the drug and arms trades. Integrating historical, cultural, and social scientific methodologies, this collection brings together recent research from across Latin America, from the informal neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro and Mexico City, Managua and Buenos Aires. Amid alarmist exposés, Cities from Scratch intervenes by considering Latin American shantytowns at a new level of interdisciplinary complexity. Contributors. Javier Auyero, Mariana Cavalcanti, Ratão Diniz, Emilio Duhau, Sujatha Fernandes, Brodwyn Fischer, Bryan McCann, Edward Murphy, Dennis Rodgers

Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction?

Luis Bértola,Jeffrey Williamson
Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction Book PDF

Author : Luis Bértola,Jeffrey Williamson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319446219

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Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction? by Luis Bértola,Jeffrey Williamson Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book brings together a range of ideas and theories to arrive at a deeper understanding of inequality in Latin America and its complex realities. To so, it addresses questions such as: What are the origins of inequality in Latin America? How can we create societies that are more equal in terms of income distribution, gender equality and opportunities? How can we remedy the social divide that is making Latin America one of the most unequal regions on earth? What are the roles played by market forces, institutions and ideology in terms of inequality? In this book, a group of global experts gathered by the Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (INTAL), part of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), show readers how various types of inequality, such as economical, educational, racial and gender inequality have been practiced in countries like Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Mexico and many others through the centuries. Presenting new ideas, new evidence, and new methods, the book subsequently analyzes how to move forward with second-generation reforms that lay the foundations for more egalitarian societies. As such, it offers a valuable and insightful guide for development economists, historians and Latin American specialists alike, as well as students, educators, policymakers and all citizens with an interest in development, inequality and the Latin American region.

The Latin American City

Alan Gilbert
The Latin American City Book PDF

Author : Alan Gilbert
Publisher : Latin America Bureau (Lab)
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Cities and towns
ISBN : UOM:39015047059319

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The Latin American City by Alan Gilbert Pdf

Gilbert (geography, University College, London) examines the reasons for and consequences of the mass movement from country to city and the enormous strain placed on the infrastructure and services of major cities, only intensified by cutbacks in social spending. First published in the UK in 1994 by the Latin America Bureau (Research and Action) Ltd., London. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Inequality in Latin America

David M. De Ferranti
Inequality in Latin America Book PDF

Author : David M. De Ferranti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821356654

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Inequality in Latin America by David M. De Ferranti Pdf

Latin America and the Caribbean has been one of the regions of the world with the greatest inequality. This book explores why the region suffers from such persistent inequality, identifies how it hampers development, and suggests ways to achieve greater equity in the distribution of wealth, incomes and opportunities. The study draws on data from 20 countries based on household surveys covering 3.6 million people, and reviews extensive economic, sociological and political science studies on inequality in Latin America. Four broad areas for action by governments and civil society groups to break the destructive pattern are outlined: (1) build more open political and social institutions, that allow the poor and historically subordinate groups to gain a greater share of agency, voice and power in society; (2) ensure that economic institutions and policies seek greater equity, through sound macroeconomic management and equitable, efficient crisis resolution institutions, that avoid the large regressive redistributions that occur during crises, and that allow for saving in good times to enhance access by the poor to social safety nets in bad times; (3) increase access by the poor to high-quality public services, especially education, health, water and electricity, as well as access to farmland and the rural services, and protect and enforce the property rights of the urban poor; (4) reform income transfer programmes so that they reach the poorest families.

Global Restructuring, Employment, and Social Inequality in Urban Latin America

Richard Tardanico,Rafael Menjívar
Global Restructuring Employment and Social Inequality in Urban Latin America Book PDF

Author : Richard Tardanico,Rafael Menjívar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Labor supply
ISBN : UCSD:31822025773755

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Global Restructuring, Employment, and Social Inequality in Urban Latin America by Richard Tardanico,Rafael Menjívar Pdf

This volume's multi-disciplinary cast of authors uses a comparative framework to explore the implications of global transformations and national development policies for urban employment and social inequality in Latin America. It examines socioeconomic change in labour markets.

Declining Inequality in Latin America

Luis Felipe Lopez-Calva,Nora Claudia Lustig
Declining Inequality in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Luis Felipe Lopez-Calva,Nora Claudia Lustig
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-08-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815704447

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Declining Inequality in Latin America by Luis Felipe Lopez-Calva,Nora Claudia Lustig Pdf

A Brookings Institution Press and United Nations Development Programme publication Latin America is often singled out for its high and persistent income inequality. Toward the end of the 1990s, however, income concentration began to fall across the region. Of the seventeen countries for which comparable data are available, twelve have experienced a decline, particularly since 2000. This book is among the first efforts to understand what happened in these countries and why. Led by editors Felipe López-Calva and Nora Lustig, a panel of distinguished economists undertakes in-depth analyses of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. In addition, they provide essential background in the form of overviews of the relationship between markets and inequality, the political economy of redistribution, and the evolution of income inequality in the advanced industrialized economies. Two factors account for much of the decline in inequality: a decrease in the wage gap between skilled and low-skilled labor, and an increase in government transfers targeted to the poor. Thanks to the timeliness and sophistication of these essays, Declining Inequality in Latin America is likely to become a standard reference in its field.

Economic Reforms, Growth and Inequality in Latin America

Gustavo Indart
Economic Reforms Growth and Inequality in Latin America Book PDF

Author : Gustavo Indart
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351159357

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Economic Reforms, Growth and Inequality in Latin America by Gustavo Indart Pdf

Originally published in 2004. Growth, income distribution, and labour markets are issues of pivotal importance in the Latin American context. Examining unique theoretical issues and the empirical evidence, this book provides a critical analysis of the key elements of income distribution determinants, labour market functions, trade policies, and their interrelations. As the advance of globalization becomes seemingly unstoppable, this book provides an important reappraisal of the impact of this new phenomenon, and in particular, the pernicious impact it may have on income growth and distribution. The key objective of the volume is to integrate more fully the analysis of trade and labour market economists, in order to better understand the labour market and income distribution implications of globalization and international integration. Forty years after the early calls to appropriately investigate the micro foundations of macroeconomics, the separation of the two at the policy level is more damaging than ever before - particularly for developing regions; this volume therefore makes an important contribution at the theoretical and policy levels by bringing together macroeconomic and microeconomic analyses.