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This book represents a compilation of the current knowledge of various aspects of coffee wilt disease (CWD) including information about the pathogen and its management. It covers the status of CWD in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Ethiopia and Tanzania; the socio-economic impact of CWD; the biology, taxonomy and epidemiology of the CWD pathogen Gibberella xylarioides sensu lato; the host-pathogen interactions in Coffea-G. xylarioides pathosystem; management of CWD; breeding for resistance against CWD; and extension approaches and information dissemination for CWD management in Africa (with emphasis on experiences from Ethiopia).
In the early 20th century, coffee wilt disease (CWD) caused by the vascular wilt pathogen, Fusarium xylarioides, spread across Africa destroying coffee trees, reducing yields and significantly impacting producer livelihoods. Through systematic sanitation and establishment of breeding programmes in affected countries, CWD appeared to decline. However, the disease re-emerged and increased to epidemic proportions in the 1990s affecting robusta coffee in DRC, Uganda and Tanzania and arabica coffee in Ethiopia. In 1999, 14.5 million robusta coffee trees were estimated to have been destroyed in Uganda alone. This chapter discusses the history, impact, symptoms, cause and spread of CWD. A summary of the Regional Coffee Wilt Programme (RCWP) which examined many aspects of the disease and its management is also provided. Future research trends include host specificity, underlying resistance mechanisms and the role of alternative hosts. Investigation of pathogen ecology is needed to allow greater focus on agroecological management practices.
Coffee Pests, Diseases and Their Management by J. M. Waller,M. Bigger,R. J. Hillocks Pdf
Price collapse and oversupply have made coffee a high-profile crop in recent years: never has efficient production and crop protection been more important for reducing costs and increasing quality. Packed with illustrations, this book covers the origins, botany, agroecology and worldwide production statistics of coffee, and the insect pests, plant pathogens, nematodes and nutrient deficiencies that afflict it. With emphasis on integrated crop management, this book reviews control measures suitable for any coffee pest or disease and will enable agriculturists to design and implement sustainable pest management systems.
Diversity in Pathogenicity and Genetics of Gibberella Xylarioides (Fusarium Xylarioides) Populations and Resistance of Coffea Spp. in Ethiopia by Girma Adugna Senbeta Pdf
Fungus Diseases of Tropical Crops by Paul Holliday Pdf
Standard reference provides full, compact descriptions of fungal pathogens and diseases they cause. Alphabetically arranged with copious references to the literature, nearly 9000 in all. Also, an excellent appendix of host plants, their major and minor pathogens, selected references, list of common and botanical names of host plants and two indexes of fungi.
Fusarium wilt of banana: some history and current status of the disease; Importante of fusarium wilt in different banana-growing regions; Taxonomy of fungi in the genus fusarium with emphasis on fusarium oxysporum; Genetic exchange within sexual and asexual populations of the genus fusarium; Molecular genetics of plant pathogenic fusarium oxysporum; Using karyotype variability to investigate the origins and relatednes of isolates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Population biology of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Biological control of diseases caused by fusarium oxysporum; Influence of mineral nutrition on fusarium wilt: a proposed mechanism involving cell water relations; Host responses to the pathogen; Banana breeding and fusarium wilt; Breeding bananas and plantains for resistance to fusariu m wilt: the track record; Somaclonal resistance in cavendish banana to fusarium wilt; Baseline tissue and cell culture studies for use in banana improvement schemes.
Restructuring Uganda's Coffee Industry by John Baffes Pdf
After experiencing a boom during the mid-1990s, the performance of Uganda's coffee industry has been disappointing. Most existing analyses see the sector's problems as quality deterioration, poor marketing position in the global market, weak regulatory framework, and poor infrastructure. Recommendations range from setting up a coffee auction to increasing the share of specialty coffees. This paper concludes that such advice has been largely inconsistent with the stylized facts of the Ugandan coffee industry. It argues that the coffee wilt disease and the effectiveness of the coffee replanting program are the two key issues on which policymakers and the donor community should focus their activities and allocate their resources.
Diseases of Crops in Eritrea by Prof. Adugna Haile and Dr. G. Sethumadhava Rao Pdf
BOOK DESCRIPTION Title: Diseases of Crops in Eritrea: A Comprehensive Academic Handbook on ‘Diseases of Agricultural Crops’ in Eritrea. Introduction: This book, "Diseases of Crops in Eritrea" presents a comprehensive overview of the prevailing plant diseases in Eritrea's agricultural crops. The State of Eritrea is located in North-East Africa, neighbouring with Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt. As a nation boasting diverse agro-climatic zones, Eritrea's fertile soil supports an array of field crops, horticultural crops, and fruit trees. However, the agricultural ecosystem is confronted with challenges posed by various plant diseases, which can have significant ramifications on crop productivity and quality. This meticulously crafted book is designed with more than 250 images to illuminate the infections of crops and the importance of effective disease management. Chapters and Contents: This book is organized into six chapters, each delving into specific aspects, such as Introduction; Diseases of Field Crops, Horticultural Crops, Fruit Orchards, Spice and Ornamental Crops; and the Disease Diagnosis. 1. Introduction: The initial chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the current trends in crop production within Eritrea. It explores the underlying causes of diseases, including fungal, bacterial, nematode, and viral infections. The development and pathogenic cycles of these diseases are elucidated, while symptomatology plays a pivotal role in facilitating disease identification. 2. Diseases of Field Crops: In the second chapter, the focus is on over 104 diseases that afflict 16 staple food crops crucial to Eritrea's agricultural sector. A detailed examination of these diseases enables readers to understand the threats they pose to crop yields and the overall food security of the nation. 3. Diseases of Horticultural Crops: Chapter three delves into 84 diseases affecting 12 commonly cultivated horticultural crops across Eritrea's agricultural regions. By shedding light on these prevalent diseases, the chapter aims to raise awareness among farmers and growers, fostering effective disease management practices. 4. Diseases of Fruit Orchards: The fourth chapter zeroes in on 40 diseases, encompassing fungal, bacterial, viral, and nematode infections impacting six major fruit orchards in Eritrea. The economic significance of these orchards, coupled with their susceptibility to diseases, underscores the importance of proper disease management strategies. 5. Diseases of Spice and Ornamental Crops: Chapter five focuses on seven diseases that affect three spice and ornamental crops. By acknowledging the threats posed to these crops, the chapter advocates for the implementation of preventive and control measures to safeguard their cultivation. 6. Disease Diagnosis and techniques of disease identification Strategies: The final chapter offers invaluable insights into disease diagnosis techniques, equipping readers with the tools to accurately identify and combat plant diseases. Furthermore, every chapter expounds on distribution of the disease, economic importance, disease symptoms, the causal agents, disease development/ cycles and management strategies, including cultural practices and Integrated Pest Management, which are crucial for sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. Additionally, the prudent use of chemical control is discussed, emphasizing adherence to recommended dosages to minimize undesirable effects on beneficial organisms, human health, and the environment. Conclusion: "Diseases of Crops in Eritrea" highlights the substantial threats that plant diseases pose to Eritrea's agricultural productivity. However, this academic and enlightening publication also serves as a beacon of hope, promoting integrated disease management approaches that can mitigate these challenges and secure a prosperous horticultural industry for the nation's future. The inclusion of a glossary and index further enhances the book's utility, making it an indispensable resource for researchers, agronomists, horticulturists, and anyone with a vested interest in Eritrea's agricultural well-being.
Coffee - Growing, Processing, Sustainable Production by Jean Nicolas Wintgens Pdf
An outstanding and currently the only comprehensive handbook for the coffee-professional. 40 authors from the leading coffee-growing countries present the most recent technologies applied to coffee husbandry. The book features 900 carefully selected illustrations, 300 of these in full color, which substantiate the written text. The handbook provides basic guidelines and recommendations which are applicable everywhere rather than referring to any specific country. Added to this, the reader will find numerous data tables and an overview of relevant information sources.
Mutation Breeding in Coffee with Special Reference to Leaf Rust by Ivan L.W. Ingelbrecht,Maria do Céu Lavado da Silva,Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak Pdf
This open-access book provides a comprehensive overview of current methodologies for improving resistance to leaf rust in coffee, one of the world's most important cash crops and beverages. Coffea arabica L. (Arabica) accounts for about 60% of the world's coffee production. Coffee leaf rust (CLR), caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix is the major disease affecting Arabica coffee resulting in losses of over $1 billion annually. The geographical distribution of CLR is expanding due to climate change. Moreover, the genetic improvement of Arabica coffee is constrained due to its very narrow genetic base. This protocol book introduces essential concepts of mutation breeding as an efficient tool to increase the genetic diversity of Arabica coffee and presents practical methods on mutation induction and screening for resistance to CLR. Current breeding approaches, challenges and opportunities for Arabica coffee improvement are briefly reviewed and a survey of common coffee diseases with emphasis on CLR is presented. Practical protocols for mutation induction and screening for resistance to CLR are described, including novel methods for single-cell mutagenesis using in vitro cell and tissue culture techniques and for genome-wide screening of induced mutations using genomics tools. Each protocol chapter has an introduction and is supported by example results. Given the impact of recent CLR epidemics on Arabica coffee production in Latin America, the book is intended to serve as a timely reference and guide for students and researchers in the agricultural sciences, plant pathologists and breeders, as well as growers and end-users interested in producing novel coffee genotypes for genetic studies, breeding, and commercial applications.
Coffee by Robert W. Thurston,Jonathan Morris,Shawn Steiman Pdf
Coffee: A Comprehensive Guide to the Bean, the Beverage, and the Industry offers a definitive guide to the many rich dimensions of the bean and the beverage around the world. Leading experts from business and academia consider coffee’s history, global spread, cultivation, preparation, marketing, and the environmental and social issues surrounding it today. They discuss, for example, the impact of globalization; the many definitions of organic, direct trade, and fair trade; the health of female farmers; the relationships among shade, birds, and coffee; roasting as an art and a science; and where profits are made in the commodity chain. Drawing on interviews and the lives of people working in the business—from pickers and roasters to coffee bar owners and consumers—this book brings a compelling human side to the story. The authors avoid romanticizing or demonizing any group in the business. They consider basic but widely misunderstood issues such as who adds value to the bean, the constraints of peasant life, and the impact of climate change. Moving beyond simple answers, they represent various participants in the supply chain and a range of opinions about problems and suggested solutions in the industry. Coffee offers a multidimensional examination of a deceptively everyday but extremely complex commodity that remains at the center of many millions of lives. Tracing coffee’s journey from field to cup, this handbook to one of the world’s favorite beverages is an essential guide for professionals, coffee lovers, and students alike. Contributions by: Sarah Allen, Jonathan D. Baker, Peter S. Baker, Jonathan Wesley Bell, Clare Benfield, H. C. "Skip" Bittenbender, Connie Blumhardt, Willem Boot, Carlos H. J. Brando, August Burns, Luis Alberto Cuéllar, Olga Cuellar, Kenneth Davids, Jim Fadden, Elijah K. Gichuru, Jeremy Haggar, Andrew Hetzel, George Howell, Juliana Jaramillo, Phyllis Johnson, Lawrence W. Jones, Alf Kramer, Ted Lingle, Stuart McCook, Michelle Craig McDonald, Sunalini Menon, Jonathan Morris, Joan Obra, Price Peterson, Rick Peyser, Sergii Reminny, Paul Rice, Robert Rice, Carlos Saenz, Vincenzo Sandalj, Jinap Selamat, Colin Smith, Shawn Steiman, Robert W. Thurston, Steven Topik, Tatsushi Ueshima, Camilla C. Valeur, Geoff Watts, and Britta Zeitemann
