Community At Risk

Author : Thomas D. Beamish
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804794657

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Community at Risk by Thomas D. Beamish Pdf

In 2001, following the events of September 11 and the Anthrax attacks, the United States government began an aggressive campaign to secure the nation against biological catastrophe. Its agenda included building National Biocontainment Laboratories (NBLs), secure facilities intended for research on biodefense applications, at participating universities around the country. In Community at Risk, Thomas D. Beamish examines the civic response to local universities' plans to develop NBLs in three communities: Roxbury, MA; Davis, CA; and Galveston, TX. At a time when the country's anxiety over its security had peaked, reactions to the biolabs ranged from vocal public opposition to acceptance and embrace. He argues that these divergent responses can be accounted for by the civic conventions, relations, and virtues specific to each locale. Together, these elements clustered, providing a foundation for public dialogue. In contrast to conventional micro- and macro-level accounts of how risk is perceived and managed, Beamish's analysis of each case reveals the pivotal role played by meso-level contexts and political dynamics. Community at Risk provides a new framework for understanding risk disputes and their prevalence in American civic life.

Author : Beverley Walker
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781284195057

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Community Risk Reduction Principles and Practices by Beverley Walker Pdf

"This curriculum provides a theoretical framework for the understanding of the ethical, sociological, organizational, political, and legal components of community risk reduction, and a methodology for the development of a comprehensive community risk reduction plan"--

Author : Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on the Social and Behavioral Science Base for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Intervention. Workshop
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NAP:13978

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Assessing the Social and Behavioral Science Base for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Intervention by Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on the Social and Behavioral Science Base for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Intervention. Workshop Pdf

Introduction -- Understanding the epidemic -- Learning from lives : individuals within a social context -- Understanding high-risk communities -- Making a difference : controlling the epidemic through social intervention -- Intermediate technologies in medically based prevention trials -- Evaluating results.

Author : Michael K. Lindell,Ronald W. Perry
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0761906517

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Communicating Environmental Risk in Multiethnic Communities by Michael K. Lindell,Ronald W. Perry Pdf

Annotation "This volume is recommended for practitioners in private emergency management and federal, state, and local governments, as well as students studying risk communication, health communication, emergency management, and environmental policy and management."--BOOK JACKET. Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Author : Malcolm G. Anderson,Elizabeth Holcombe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780821394915

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Community-Based Landslide Risk Reduction by Malcolm G. Anderson,Elizabeth Holcombe Pdf

The handbook details the MoSSaiC (Management of Slope Stability in Communities) methodology, which aims to create behavioral change in vulnerable communities in developing countries. Focusing on maximizing within-country capacity to deliver landslide mitigation measures on the ground, it provides an end-to-end blueprint for the mitigation process.

Author : Bandana Kar,David M. Cochran
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-05-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351614894

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Risk Communication and Community Resilience by Bandana Kar,David M. Cochran Pdf

Risk communication is crucial to building community resilience and reducing risk from extreme events. True community resilience involves accurate and timely dissemination of risk information to stakeholders. This book examines the policy and science of risk communication in the digital era. Themes include public awareness of risk and public participation in risk communication and resilience building. The first half of the book focuses on conceptual frameworks, components, and the role of citizens in risk communication. The second half examines the role of risk communication in resilience building and provides an overview of some of its challenges in the era of social media. This book looks at the effectiveness of risk communication in socially and culturally diverse communities in the developed and developing world. The interdisciplinary approach bridges academic research and applied policy action. Contributions from Latin America and Asia provide insight into global risk communication at a time when digital technologies have rapidly transformed conventional communication approaches. This book will be of critical interest to policy makers, academicians, and researchers, and will be a valuable reference source for university courses that focus on emergency management, risk communication, and resilience.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309682244

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Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus Pdf

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the societal disruption it has brought, national governments and the international community have invested billions of dollars and immense amounts of human resources to develop a safe and effective vaccine in an unprecedented time frame. Vaccination against this novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), offers the possibility of significantly reducing severe morbidity and mortality and transmission when deployed alongside other public health strategies and improved therapies. Health equity is intertwined with the impact of COVID-19 and there are certain populations that are at increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. In the United States and worldwide, the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on people who are already disadvantaged by virtue of their race and ethnicity, age, health status, residence, occupation, socioeconomic condition, or other contributing factors. Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine offers an overarching framework for vaccine allocation to assist policy makers in the domestic and global health communities. Built on widely accepted foundational principles and recognizing the distinctive characteristics of COVID-19, this report's recommendations address the commitments needed to implement equitable allocation policies for COVID-19 vaccine.

Author : Morton Lippmann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1189 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470442883

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Environmental Toxicants by Morton Lippmann Pdf

Provides the most current information and research available for performing risk assessments on exposed individuals and populations, giving guidance to public health authorities, primary care physicians, and industrial managers Reviews current knowledge on human exposure to selected chemical agents and physical factors in the ambient environment Updates and revises the previous edition, in light of current scientific literature and its significance to public health concerns Includes new chapters on: airline cabin exposures, arsenic, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Accounting for Socioeconomic Status in Medicare Payment Programs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309391979

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Systems Practices for the Care of Socially At-Risk Populations by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Accounting for Socioeconomic Status in Medicare Payment Programs Pdf

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have been moving from volume-based, fee-for-service payment to value-based payment (VBP), which aims to improve health care quality, health outcomes, and patient care experiences, while also controlling costs. Since the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, CMS has implemented a variety of VBP strategies, including incentive programs and risk-based alternative payment models. Early evidence from these programs raised concerns about potential unintended consequences for health equity. Specifically, emerging evidence suggests that providers disproportionately serving patients with social risk factors for poor health outcomes (e.g., individuals with low socioeconomic position, racial and ethnic minorities, gender and sexual minorities, socially isolated persons, and individuals residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods) may be more likely to fare poorly on quality rankings and to receive financial penalties, and less likely to receive financial rewards. The drivers of these disparities are poorly understood, and differences in interpretation have led to divergent concerns about the potential effect of VBP on health equity. Some suggest that underlying differences in patient characteristics that are out of the control of providers lead to differences in health outcomes. At the same time, others are concerned that differences in outcomes between providers serving socially at-risk populations and providers serving the general population reflect disparities in the provision of health care. Systems Practices for the Care of Socially At-Risk Populations seeks to better distinguish the drivers of variations in performance among providers disproportionately serving socially at-risk populations and identifies methods to account for social risk factors in Medicare payment programs. This report identifies best practices of high-performing hospitals, health plans, and other providers that serve disproportionately higher shares of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and compares those best practices of low-performing providers serving similar patient populations. It is the second in a series of five brief reports that aim to inform the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) analyses that account for social risk factors in Medicare payment programs mandated through the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation (IMPACT) Act.

Author : Peter M. Sandman
Publisher : AIHA
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Communication
ISBN : 9780932627513

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Responding to Community Outrage by Peter M. Sandman Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309457682

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Building Communication Capacity to Counter Infectious Disease Threats by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

Building communication capacity is a critical piece of preparing for, detecting, and responding to infectious disease threats. The International Health Regulations (IHR) establish risk communicationâ€"the real-time exchange of information, advice, and opinions between experts or officials and people who face a threat to their survival, health, and economic or social well-beingâ€"as a core capacity that World Health Organization member states must fulfill to strengthen the fight against these threats. Despite global recognition of the importance of complying with IHR, 67 percent of signatory countries report themselves as not compliant. By investing in communication capacity, public health and government officials and civil society organizations facing health crises would be prepared to provide advice, information, and reassurance to the public as well as to rapidly develop messages and community engagement activities that are coordinated and take into account social and behavioral dynamics among all sectors. To learn about current national and international efforts to develop the capacity to communicate effectively during times of infectious disease outbreaks, and to explore gaps in the research agenda that may help address communication needs to advance the field, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a 1.5 day workshop on December 13 and 14, 2016, in Washington, DC. Participants reviewed progress and needs in strengthening communication capacity for dealing with infectious disease threats for both outbreaks and routine challenges in the United States and abroad. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : Rajib Shaw
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 4431561366

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Community Practices for Disaster Risk Reduction in Japan by Rajib Shaw Pdf

This book presents key lessons from community-based risk-reduction practices in Japan, a country that is often hit by disasters and that also has shown strong resilience in coping with those disasters. Japan has a strong governance system for disaster risk reduction. However, the Kobe earthquake of 1995 showed the importance of community involvement in disaster response as well as recovery. With several examples from different parts of Japan, the book elaborates on the importance of community-based risk reduction and the innovations required for sustaining some of the community approaches. The book has 13 chapters and is divided into three parts: (1) Evolution of community-based risk reduction in Japan; (2) Community-based risk-reduction issues; and (3) Case studies. The primary target groups for this book are students and researchers in the fields of environment, disaster risk reduction, and climate change studies. The book provides them with a good idea of the current research trends in the field and furnishes basic knowledge about these vital topics. Another target group comprises practitioners and policy makers, who will be able to apply the knowledge collected here to policy and decision-making.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Remediation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2001-06-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309073219

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A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Remediation of PCB-Contaminated Sediments Pdf

This book provides a risk-based framework for developing and implementing strategies to manage PCB-contaminated sediments at sites around the country. The framework has seven stages, beginning with problem definition, continuing through assessment of risks and management options, and ending with an evaluation of the success of the management strategy. At the center of the framework is continuous and active involvement of all affected parties-particularly communities-in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the management strategy. A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments emphasizes the need to consider all risks at a contaminated site, not just human health and ecological effects, but also the social, cultural, and economic impacts. Given the controversy that has arisen at many PCB-contaminated sites, this book provides a consistent, yet flexible, approach for dealing with the many issues associated with assessing and managing the risks at Superfund and other contaminated sites.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author : B.B. Johnson,V.T. Covello
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400933958

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The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk by B.B. Johnson,V.T. Covello Pdf

The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk: Issues, Methods, and Case Studies Vincent T. Covello and Branden B. Johnson Risks to health, safety, and the environment abound in the world and people cope as best they can. But before action can be taken to control, reduce, or eliminate these risks, decisions must be made about which risks are important and which risks can safely be ignored. The challenge for decision makers is that consensus on these matters is often lacking. Risks believed by some individuals and groups to be tolerable or accept able - such as the risks of nuclear power or industrial pollutants - are intolerable and unacceptable to others. This book addresses this issue by exploring how particular technological risks come to be selected for societal attention and action. Each section of the volume examines, from a different perspective, how individuals, groups, communities, and societies decide what is risky, how risky it is, and what should be done. The writing of this book was inspired by another book: Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technoloqical and Environmental Dangers. Published in 1982 and written by two distinguished scholars - Mary Douglas, a British social anthropologist, and Aaron Wildavsky, an American political scientist - the book received wide critical attention and offered several provocative ideas on the nature of risk selection, perception, and acceptance.